PEG模拟干旱胁迫对石斛DNA表观遗传变化的MSAP分析

利用甲基化敏感扩增多态性(methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism,MSAP)技术,研究不同聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)处理浓度下霍山石斛基因组DNA的甲基化水平和变化模式.结果表明:经5%、10%和15%PEG-6000处理的霍山石斛DNA甲基化比率分别为34....     

蚜虫内共生菌基因组DNA提取方法的比较和优化

为探究蚜虫共生菌基因组DNA的提取方案,以桃蚜为试验材料,比较了目前较为常用的4种蚜虫基因组DNA提取方法,从DNA纯度、完整性、PCR扩增效率及稳定性等方面进行了比较和评价,并通过调整蛋白酶K用量和水浴温度及时间对STE法进行了优化。结果表明,4种方法提取的蚜虫共生菌基因组DNA均可用于共生菌的PCR扩增检测;CTAB法和SDS法提取的DNA纯度较高,条带较完整,稳定性相对较高,不易降解,而STE法和PCR缓冲液法操作简便,适于快速提取单头蚜虫共生菌的基因组DNA,但纯度相对较低;可根据试验条件和要求进行选择。STE法优化条件为:用30 μL STE缓冲液将蚜虫匀浆,加入1.5 μL 20 mg/mL蛋白酶K,于56 ℃水浴1.5 h;再加入0.1 μL 10 mg/L RNA酶,于37 ℃培养1 h,95 ℃下处理5 min,5 000 r/min离心3 min,将提取到的DNA于-20 ℃保存或直接用于PCR扩增。优化后的STE法可作为提取蚜虫共生菌基因组DNA经济而快捷有效的方法。     

Effect of DNA methylation of miR-30a-5p promoter region on hepatic injury induced by homocysteine

AIM: To explore the role of DNA methylation of microRNA-30a-5p(miR-30a-5p) promoter region in hepatic injury. METHODS: Four-week-old normal mice and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) single gene knockout mice were used and divided into normal (CBS^+/+, n=12) group and single gene knockout (CBS^+/-, n=12) group, and the mice were fed with high methionine diet for 8 weeks. HL-7702 hepatic cells were routinely cultured in vitro and divided into control group, homocysteine (Hcy) group and Hcy+5-azacytidne (AZC) group. Serum Hcy, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. The levels of ALT and AST in the cells culture medium were determined by the microplate method. Hepatic injury in the mice were observed with HE staining. Cell viability staining was used to measure the viability of hepatocytes. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-30a-5p in the liver tissues and hepatocytes. The correlation between the expression of miR-30a-5p and serum ALT and AST levels was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. DNA methylation level of miR-30a-5p promoter region in the liver tissues and hepatocytes was detected by nested landing methylation-specific PCR (nMS-PCR). RESULTS: Compared with the CBS^+/+ mice, the serum levels of Hcy, ALT and AST in the CBS^+/- mice were significantly increased (P < 0.05). HE staining showed the hepatocyte swelling and nuclear fragmentation and dissolution. The expression level of miR-30a-5p in the liver tissues was decreased (P < 0.01). Besides, the expression level of miR-30a-5p in the mice was negatively correlated with serum ALT and AST levels (r²=0.4557, P=0.0003, r²=0.4626, P=0.0003), and the DNA methylation of miR-30a-5p promoter region was increased (P < 0.01). In the HL-7702 cells, compared with control group,the ALT and AST levels were increased in Hcy group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and the cell viability was remarkablely decreased. DNA methylation of miR-30a-5p promoter region was increased (P < 0.01), which decreased after treated the cells with AZC (P < 0.05), while the expression level of miR-30a-5p in the cells was increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hypermethylation of miR-30a-5p promoter region may play an important role in hepatic injury.     

Detection of bacterial DNA in synovial fluid from horses with infectious synovitis

Standard culturing techniques are often unrewarding in confirming diagnosis of synovial infection in the equine patient. Several human studies report the use of sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques for the detection of bacterial involvement in acute synovitis. However, successful extraction of bacterial DNA directly from clinical samples from horses without prior culture has not been reported yet. The goal of this study was to develop a sensitive and reliable method for molecular detection and identification of bacterial species in synovial fluid from horses with infectious synovitis. Synovial fluid samples from 6 horses with culture confirmed synovial infection were used for broad range 16S rRNA gene PCR. Synovial aspirates of 2 healthy horses were used as negative controls. Following extraction and purification of synovial fluid DNA, all samples were processed by touchdown PCR. Amplicons were detected by reverse line blot hybridisation and visualised with chemiluminescence. Pathogen-specific detection of 16S rRNA gene sequences was successful in all 6 synovial fluid samples. No bacterial DNA was detected in the aspirates from the negative control horses using touchdown PCR followed by 25 additional cycles of amplification. The identity of the pathogens was confirmed by DNA sequencing of the amplicons. It can be concluded that broad range 16S rRNA gene PCR followed by reverse line blot hybridisation is a promising technique for detection of bacterial DNA in synovial fluid samples. Further research should aim at the detection of bacterial DNA in synovial fluid samples suspected of infection but having negative culture results. When the 16S PCR proves to be reliable and more sensitive than standard culturing techniques, it may become a powerful tool in the diagnosis of synovial infection.     

DNA疫苗在动物疾病预防中的研究进展

DNA疫苗的出现是疫苗研究史上重大事件,被誉为疫苗研究的第三次革命。DNA疫苗既能激发机体的细胞免疫,也能诱导特异性的体液免疫,在预防和治疗细菌、病毒、寄生虫等感染性疾病等方面具有广阔的应用前景。利用DNA疫苗预防动物疾病是DNA疫苗发展的一个重要方面,并且在一些重大动物疾病预防研究上取得许多突破。可以肯定,随着人们对DNA疫苗免疫机制深入理解以及提高其诱导特异性免疫应答水平经验的积累,DNA疫苗定会在预防动物各种疾病方面发挥巨大作用。     

鱼类血液基因组DNA提取方法优化

The genomic DNA extracted from frozen whole blood of rainbow trout with methods of chloroform-potassium acetate, rapid genomic DNA extraction （RGDE） , improved RGDE, traditional phenol-chloroform and DNA reagent kit respectively, and detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that mothode of improved RGDE can obtain better genomie DNA of fish. Then, the effect of extracting with improved RGDE methods were compared by ultraviolet spectrophotometric method with other mothods such as traditional phenol-chloroform from blood or muscle and DNA reagent kit from blood. The results showed that the average concentration of DNA extracted with method improved RGDE was 1 050 ng/μL, and was very significant higher than that by DNA kit or by phenol- chloroform, and the average output of DNA was 1 575μg/mL, and the rate of A260/A280 was between 1.65 - 1.97. It only spent 2 hours to extract DNA with the method of improved RGDE, and there were many obvious merits such as quick speed, low cost, no pollution and no using specific installations and so on, and to amplify by random primers, the rusuhs was stable,and the electrophoresis banding was clear.     

菠萝DNA提取方法的研究

采用石英沙代替液氮,用SDS法和CTAB法提取菠萝的DNA。结果表明,SDS法所提取DNA的平均OD值为1.704,提取率为2.098μg/g;CTAB法所提取DNA的平均OD值为1.498,提取率为1.412μg/g。SDS法和CTAB法所提取的DNA都可用作RAPD分析。     

一种简便的同步提取烟草叶片DNA和总RNA的方法

以野生型和转几丁质酶烟草株系叶片为材料,采用改进的CTAB法对其DNA和总RNA进行同步提取和DNA中RNA的消化以及总RNA中DNA的消化,并分别进行了电泳检测、含量测定和相应的PCR和RT-PCR检测.结果表明:用该法提取的DNA条带清晰、无降解,所提取的DNA浓度在109.20～245.46 μg/mL,OD26...     

中华绒螯蟹核糖体DNA全序列分析

核糖体DNA通常被选作系统发育研究的分子标记,核糖体DNA中IGS部分序列的变异在一定程度上影响着生物的生长。报道了中华绒螯蟹核糖体DNA全序列的分离和序列特征。中华绒螯蟹核糖体DNA全长11660bp,包括18S(1873bp),ITS1(317bp),5.8S(163bp),ITS2(614bp),28S(4461bp)和IGS(4240bp);不同部分AT含量在40.1%～48.6%之间,低于果蝇(55.8%～80.0%),高于鲤(22.0%～43.7%)。平均100个核苷酸含简单重复序列(SSR)数由高到低依次为ITS2(0.98%),IGS(0.49%),28S(0.38%),ITS1(0.32%),18S(0.21%),5.8S(0%)。个体内差异分析结果表明,中华绒螯蟹个体内存在两类ITS2序列,其中一类在405nt处有一12bp(CGCAGGACCACC)插入序列。中华绒螯蟹rDNA的IGS部分长4240bp,AT含量为42.6%。IGS部分包含一个有约7个连续136～139bp单元组成的重复序列区,重复序列单元中存在XhoⅠ内切酶位点,为河蟹特有的重复序列;重复序列区后有一个由182个碱基对...