不同氮磷钾配比对仙客来生长发育的影响

对仙客来无土栽培营养液中N、P、K元素采用三因素二次D-饱和最优设计,探讨不同浓度氮磷钾对仙客来生长发育的影响,对仙客来的叶面积、株高、冠幅、开花情况进行了分析。结果表明,仙客来营养生长期N、P、K适宜的浓度使用范围分别为263.4~300.0、20.0~60.0、250.0~325.0 mg.L-1,即N、P、K为3.0∶1.0∶3.7;在生殖生长期N、P、K适宜的浓度使用范围分别为86.6~263.4、60.0~100.02、50.0~400.0 mg.L-1,即N、P、K为3.0∶1.0∶6.5。     

矿化垃圾腐殖土替代泥炭作仙客来栽培基质的研究

为保护泥炭资源、实现矿化垃圾资源化利用,探讨矿化垃圾腐殖土替代泥炭作盆花栽培基质的可行性,应用盆栽试验将矿化垃圾腐殖土与泥炭、椰糠、蛭石混配,观测不同配比基质物理和化学性质,结合仙客来生长发育状况得出混配基质最佳配比组合。结果表明,添加20%~40%的矿化垃圾腐殖土与泥炭混配栽培效果接近泥炭对照组;配比以草炭∶垃圾腐殖土∶蛭石为5∶2∶3时,基质理化性质更适合仙客来生长发育。添加垃圾腐殖土部分替代泥炭作仙客来盆花栽培基质具有可行性。     

仙客来栽培基质筛选研究

将草炭、珍珠岩、河沙、炉灰按照一定比例配成9种不同的栽培基质,进行了仙客来栽培试验,结果表明,草炭、河沙、珍珠岩、炉灰配比为5.0∶1.0∶2.0∶1.5的基质为较理想的仙客来栽培基质。     

三种仙客来染色体的数目及核型分析

采用普通压片法,以仙客来叶芽为试材对3个国内常见品种（系）的核型进行了研究,结果表明3种仙客来染色体均为二倍体,染色体数目为2n=84,核型可分为3种类型：2n=2x=84=84m、2n=2x=84=47m+30sm+7M和2n=2x=84=83m+1M;未观察到次缢痕或随体;3种仙客来染色体均属小染色体,法国彩云系列和浙江森禾国旗红系列为1B型,核型相似;比利时镭射系列为1A型。     

仙客来研究进展

综述了近年来仙客来在系统与分类学、细胞学、园艺学及育种学等多学科的研究成果,并对未来仙客来的研究发展进行了简要阐述。     

Interspecific hybridization between Cyclamen persicum Mill, and C. purpurascens Mill.

In order to introduce valuable traits from wild species of Cyclamen into C. persicum cultivars, crosses were made between C. persicum‘Reinweiß’and C. purpurascens. Crossing barriers between C. persicum‘Reinweiß’and C. purpurascens were due to late-acting incompatibility reactions. Interspecific hybrids were obtained by using ovary culture. The highest number of embryos was achieved from placentas excised 21 days and 35 days after pollination and transferred to Murashige-Skoog (M.S.)–medium containing 6% sucrose and 1% agar. The hybrids showed a habit and a chromosome number intermediate between the parents. The fragrant flowers were pale red-purple. The chromosome number in root tips was determined as 2n= 41 while in C. persicum it is 2n= 48 and in C. purpurascens 2n= 34. Due to the different parental chromosome sizes, chromosomes of distinct size were still observed in the hybrid. Pollen viability varied between 0.3 and 34.0%. Parents and interspecific hybrids also showed differences in the DNA content of leaf tissue. Flow cytometric analyses were useful in the early identification of hybrids.     

Competition,spatial pattern,and regeneration of Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum communities in the Gurbantunggut Desert,Northwest China

Competition, spatial pattern, and regeneration are important factors affecting community composition, structure, and dynamics. In this study, we surveyed 300 quadrats from three dunes (i.e., fixed dunes, semifixed dunes, and mobile dunes) in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwest China, from late May to early June in 2021. The intraspecific and interspecific competition, spatial pattern, and regeneration of Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum were studied using the Hegyi competition index and point pattern analysis methods. The results showed that the optimal competition distance of the objective tree in the H. ammodendron and H. persicum communities was 6 m. The intraspecific and interspecific competition of H. ammodendron was the greatest in fixed dunes, while the competition intensity of H. persicum in semifixed dunes and mobile dunes was greater than that in fixed dunes. The order of competition intensity of the two populations was seedlings>saplings>adults, and the competition intensity gradually decreased with the increase in plant diameter. The spatial distribution pattern of the three life stages of H. ammodendron and H. persicum was random, and there were no correlations between seedlings and saplings, adults and saplings, and seedlings and adults. The density of regenerated seedlings and saplings of H. ammodendron in the three dunes followed the order of fixed dunes>semifixed dunes>mobile dunes, and that of H. persicum in the three dunes followed the order of mobile dunes>semifixed dunes>fixed dunes. Therefore, when artificially planting H. ammodendron and H. persicum for sand control, the planting interval should be 6 m, and seedlings should be planted next to adults to minimize the competition between plants, which can promote the renewal of H. ammodendron and H. persicum and the stabilization of the ecosystem.