早熟禾品种耐寒变异植株无性系的建立

对草地早熟禾的小矮人品种耐寒变异植株无性系的建立进行了研究,并成功地诱导出小矮人嫩叶的愈伤组织,分化出丛生不定芽.诱导愈伤组织的理想培养基是MS BA 0.1mg/L 2,4-D 1 mg/L;由愈伤组织分化出苗的理想培养基是1/2 MS BA 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D 0.1 mg/L;试管苗极易移栽成活,耐寒变异性状保持不变.     

Hybridization and in vitro culture of an orchid hybrid Ascocenda ‘Kangla’

The present study focuses on hybridization program involving two species belonging to two different vandaceous genera, viz., Ascocentrum ampullaceum (Roxb.) Schltr. var. auranticum, a narrow endemic orchid of Manipur and Vanda coerulea Griff., an endangered orchid of Appendix I of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), to synthesize the primary hybrid genus with intermediate and improved characters in the F₁ generation. Observations on the crossability in the present bigeneric cross between V. coerulea and A. auranticum had been achieved with 60% success when V. coerulea was taken as female parent. Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium at half-strength was effective for the development of the hybrid seedlings of V. coerulea × A. auranticum followed by Vacin and Went (VW) and Knudson C (KC) media. The best response of seedling growth was observed on MS medium at half-strength supplemented with 2.3 μM kinetin + 0.5 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid with maximum shoot height (2.7 cm), leaf number (4.6) and root number (4.1) after 150 days of inoculation. The survival percentage and growth performance of the seedlings were found to be higher (80% survival) in potting substrate consisting of brick:charcoal in the ratio 2:1 mulched with moss (Sphagnum sp.) than in potting substrate consisting of brick:charcoal:tree fern in the ratio 2:1:1. The first flowering was observed in the hybrid seedlings of V. coerulea × A. auranticum after 2 years of transfer to the ex vitro environment. Morphologically, the flowers differed from that of the parents clearly showing the success of the hybridization experiment. Registration of the hybrid has been made with the Royal Horticultural Society with the nomenclature Ascocenda ‘Kangla’ (No. T128725).     

生防链霉菌JH108-2的发酵培养基优化

 为了提高链霉菌菌株JH108-2的发酵滤液对植物寄生线虫的毒力,采用正交试验设计,优化其发酵培养基。使用优化培养基[大豆粉20g、(NH₄)₂SO₄ 6g、蛋白胨3g、葡萄糖40g、酵母粉6g,NaCl 2g、K₂HPO₄ 0.6g.CaCO₃ 2g、蒸馏水1000mL、pH 6.0]所得的发酵滤液,稀释10倍,处理南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)二龄幼虫,24h后校正死亡率达95.4%,比对照培养基的发酵滤液所产生的校正死亡率高6.9%,差异达到极显著水平(P=0.01)。     

勺状亚侧耳菌丝培养特性的研究

研究了C源、N源、pH、温度和料水比及不同培养基对勺状亚侧耳(Hohenbuehelia petaloides)Hp.831菌丝生长的影响。试验结果表明,该菌丝生长的最适温度、pH、C源、N源和含水量分别为25～30℃、6～7、羧甲基纤维素钠、蛋白胨和60%～70%;马铃薯和松针的热水提取液可促进该菌菌丝生长;该菌菌丝在配方7培养料上长势最好,菌丝生长动态符合logistic方程:Y=109.6/(1 60.1131e-0.1894x)(y=菌丝生长长度mm,x=培养时间d)。     

牛肝菌胞外多糖发酵培养基的优化

以美味牛肝菌为研究对象,对其多糖发酵主要影响因子和发酵培养基优化进行研究.通过对单因子培养基优化处理试验结果的分析比较,选择出3个对牛肝菌多糖发酵影响较大的因子进行了正交试验,结果表明:美味牛肝菌最适培养基为20.0g葡萄糖 7.0g酵母粉 3.0g黄豆粉 1.0gKH2PO4 0.5g MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 gMnSO4·H2O.     

动物肠道益生菌地衣芽孢杆菌的筛选及培养基的优化

为了研制新型微生态制剂,以常用益生菌株--地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus licheniformis）为试验菌株,在测定了初发菌株的极限耐受性后,运用紫外诱变技术筛选到了一株耐酸性较强,耐胆汁,耐高温的地衣芽孢杆菌D-11.其极限耐受条件为：pH 4.18,胆盐浓度0.4 g/L,温度58 ℃.并通过试验对该菌株进行了形态和生理生化特征的鉴定.最后通过单因素和正交试验对地衣芽孢杆菌D-11的发酵培养基成分配比进行了选择和优化,为以后的工业化生产提供依据.结果显示当培养基的配比浓度为：玉米淀粉15 g/L、豆粕粉90 g/L、玉米浆6 g/L时菌体的培养效果最好.     

High frequency plantlet regeneration from callus and artificial seed production of rock plant Pogonatherum paniceum (Lam.) Hack. (Poaceae)

Pogonatherum paniceum (Lam.) Hack. is a rock plant with good potential for vegetative recovery on naked lands. A high frequency in vitro regeneration system was developed for P. paniceum. Calli were induced from explants of mature seeds, seedlings, young leaves, and stem segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2.0 mg L⁻¹ α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.2 mg L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). High induction rates (59.57%) and regeneration rates (100%) were obtained from mature seed explants; calli were sub-cultured for over 2 years and still retained a high regenerative capacity. One seed explant resulted in 69,997 plants in 1 year. Shoot buds derived from calli were used for encapsulation in liquid MS medium containing 3% sucrose and two different alginate matrices (3% sodium alginate (w/v) + MS medium containing 3% sucrose and 3% sodium alginate + 1% activated carbon (w/v) + MS medium containing 3% sucrose) with a 20-min exposure to 2% CaCl₂ and 0.3% bavistin (w/v). The capsule with 3.0% sodium alginate (w/v) and 1% activated carbon (w/v) showed a higher conversion rate (61.58%) and stronger plantlets under non-aseptic conditions. These systems are useful for the rapid clonal propagation and dissemination of artificial seed material of P. paniceum for eco-recovery.     

Cryopreservation of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) shoot tips by encapsulation-vitrification

Shoot tips excised from in vitro cultured plants of Dianthus caryophyllus L. (cv. Pallas, cv. Pink Candy and cv. Wanessa) were successfully cryopreserved using an encapsulation-vitrification method. Shoot tips (2–3 mm in length) were encapsulated in sodium alginate, precultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with various sucrose concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 M) for 24 h or 48 h and dehydrated with the vitrification solution PVS2 (up to 4 h) at 24 °C or 0 °C prior to direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C). A maximum of shoot regeneration from cryopreserved shoot tips was obtained with the following combinations: preculture in 0.5 M sucrose and 180 min dehydration treatment at 0 °C for cv. Pallas (60% shoot formation), or preculture in 0.75 M and 200 min dehydration at the same temperature for cv. Pink Candy (66.6% shoot formation) and cv. Wanessa (73% shoot formation).     

培养条件对白灵侧耳菌丝生长的影响

通过单因子试验和正交试验,研究了碳源、氮源、温度和酸碱度对白灵侧耳菌丝生长的影响。结果表明,实验范围内玉米粉为最佳碳源,蛋白胨为最适氮源,菌丝生长的最适温度为28℃,最适pH值为6.5～7.5。正交试验表明,白灵侧耳菌丝生长的最佳营养因素组合为:2%玉米粉、0.5%蛋白胨、0.3%磷酸二氢钾和0.1%硫酸镁。     

风水文化在植物景观中的应用研究

从风水文化的视角探讨了植物景观中的阴阳属性、五行学说和象征寓意，并以此为指导，研究了风水文化在植物景观的空间营造、物种配置和主题构建三个方面的应用，提出了尊重植物的生长环境和规律、选择有利于人类生活需要和身心健康的植物、赋予植物思想文化内涵，进而构建宜居的植物景观氛围的建议。