低浓度SO2对油桐叶片细胞膜脂肪酸含量的影响

膜系统是细胞内光合和呼吸等生理活动的重要场所之一,SO2对光合系统的破坏首先会引起细胞膜系统的变化.气相色谱测定表明,体积分数为0.3×10-6的SO2对油桐叶片处理10d以上,会使不饱和脂肪酸含量UFA、不饱和脂肪酸指数IUFA、C18:3、C18:3/IUFA上升,使饱和脂肪酸含量、C16:1trans、C16:1trans/IUFA下降;但随着SO2熏气时间的延长,会使不饱和脂肪酸含量UFA、不饱和脂肪指数IUFA、C18:3、C18:3/IUFA下降,饱和脂肪酸含量上升,熏气111d后,处理的UFA、IUFA、C18:3、C18:3/IUFA分别是对照的94.74%、92.52%、87.87%、94.97%;处理的饱和脂肪酸、C16:1trans、C16:1/IUFA分别是对照的1.16、1.15、1.24倍.熏气112d后,会使极性脂和中性脂中的不饱和脂肪酸C18∶3含量,不饱和脂肪酸含量UFA和不饱和脂肪酸指数IUFA及C18:3/IUFA值下降.因此,长期低体积分数SO2处理会使细胞膜的脂肪酸组成发生变化,使不饱和脂肪酸含量下降,饱和脂肪酸含量上升,从而使细胞膜的功能发生变化.     

田间和盆栽核桃与柿子苗木光合特性的初步研究

研究了核桃(Juglans regia L.)、柿子(Diospyros kaki L.f.)两种苗木在田间和盆栽栽培条件下的光合特性。通过室内人工控制光强和CO2浓度,测得盆栽的核桃、柿子的光补偿点分别是62 μmol CO2/m2·s、40μmol CO2/ m2·s;饱和点分别是1 582 μmol CO2/m2·s、1 064 μmol CO2/m2·s;CO2补偿点分别是135 ml/L、230 ml/L。6月的晴天,核桃、柿子盆栽栽培中的净光和速率日变化呈"双峰"型;田问栽培中仅出现1次高峰。两种栽培均出现"午休"现象。     

纳米级固体超强酸SO4^2-／ZrO2催化合成乙酸芳樟酯的研究

首次采用纳米级固体超强酸SO4^2-/ZrO2为催化剂合成乙酸芳樟酯，考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、乙酐与芳樟醇摩尔比(酐醇比)等因素对反应的影响。结果表明，反应温度30℃、反应时间6．5h、催化剂用量为原料质量的2．5％、酐醇比为2．5：1时，芳樟醇转化率为93．2％，产物中乙酸芳樟酯含量为53．78％，总酯含量为76．89％。通过与其它催化剂对比发现，本实验反应时间较短，催化剂可重复使用，有较好的应用潜力。     

中国大规模造林减少大气碳积累的潜力及其成本效益分析

在对中国森林实行永续轮伐的假定下，计算了通过大规模造林来减少大气中ＣＯ２积累的潜力，并进行相应的成本－效益分析。首先把中国分成５个区，在每个区中选择４种造林或森林经营的方式，总计２０种造林或森林经营的方式，根据现有可用于造林的土地面积的资料，对这些造成林或森林经营的方式进行计算。     

钙对月季切花保鲜效应的初步研究

切花保鲜的关键技术是降低水分的散失和防止营养的亏缺。以月季为材料,采用室内瓶插的方法研究CaCl2对月季切花的形态影响。测量了切花月季的有关外观形态特征,结果表明：在基础液中加入不同浓度的CaCl2对切花月季有一定的保鲜作用,可延长切花月季瓶插寿命,增加切花鲜重,增大开放花径,增加切花的吸水量。所有处理都比对照的保鲜效果要好,处理中以2?Cl2＋2%蔗糖＋500 mg/L柠檬酸的溶液保鲜效果最佳。     

Simultaneous determination of Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) with a single sweep polarography

A new method of simultaneous determining Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) with a single sweep polarography was developed. The experiment condition was studied and the results show that the optimum base solution is that the residue got from evaporating 25 mL mixed solution, 2.5 mL 1.0 mol/L ethylenediamine, 3.0 mL 1.0 mol/L ammonia-ammonium chloride, 5.0 mL 10 % sodium sulfite and 0.5 mL 0.5 % gelatin were mixed and diluted to 25 mL with water. Under the condition of this base solution, the polarography wave shapes of the six cations are ideal and without overlap of the peaks. In this base solution, Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) in synthetic samples were determined with relative errors 0.4–9.4% and relative standard deviations 0.8%-12.2%. Under this experiment condition, one fold of Pb(II), Cr(VI) and Mo(VI) do not interfere with the determination for Cu(II). This method has been used to the simultaneous determination of the amount of the six cations in the samples of soil and Beiqi Tea. The relative standard deviations were 0. l%-2.1% and recoveries were 93.5%-99.0 %.     

异冰片基氧丙酮及4－异冰片基氧－2－丁酮的合成

将莰烯分别与１，２－丙二醇及１，３－丁二醇加成所得产物１－［（１，７，７－三甲基双环［２，２，１］庚－２－基）氧］２－丙醇及４－［（１，７，７－三甲基双环［２，２，１］庚－２－基）氧］－２－丁醇，氧化得到两只新型的可用作香料的萜醚酮，１－［（１，７，７－三甲基双环［２，２，１］庚－２－基）氧］丙酮，与４－［（１，７，７－三甲基双环［２，２，１］庚－２－基）氧］－２－丁酮。     

木质活性炭的光催化再生

根据活性炭吸附机理，利用光催化氧化技术，研究了在主波长253．7nm紫外光辐射下，以锐钛型TiO2及在其表面沉积贵金属Ag的Ag-TiO2为光催化剂，以亚甲基蓝为模型化合物，进行吸附饱和椰壳活性炭的光催化再生。系统研究了再生温度、催化剂活性、再生时间、活性炭粒度、再生次数、pH值对再生效果的影响。结果表明在较高再生温度50℃、较长再生时间72h条件下，再生率达到81％，可以实现木质椰壳活性炭的缓慢光催化再生。     

Soil properties and nitrogen availability in silvopastoral plantings of Acacia melanoxylon in North Island, New Zealand

Acacia melanoxylon, a N₂-fixing timber tree occurring naturally in eastern Australia, is now promoted as a component of silvopastoral systems; but the interaction of the tree with pasture and soils has not been adequately studied. This study investigated the effects of Acacia melanoxylon on soil nitrogen (N) levels, N availability, soil pH, bulk density, organic carbon, C:N ratios and soil moisture in three separate silvopastoral sites with contrasting soil types in the North Island of New Zealand. At each site four tree stocking rates were studied (0, 500, 800, and 1700 stems ha^–1). The trees were nine years old at the time of the study. Soil samples from each study site were taken once at three depths (0 to 75 mm, 75 to 150 mm, and 150 to 300 mm), with three replicates per tree stocking rate. Soil analyses showed that although there were differences between soil types, few statistically significant differences occurred due to tree stocking rate. A greenhouse pot trial growing ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L. cv. Concord) in soil from the A horizon of each soil type from under the trees and the open pasture found that ryegrass yield, N uptake and N supply increased with increasing tree stocking rate. Increased N supply under the trees, coupled with greater soil moisture compared to the open pasture may have accounted for the higher pasture yield under Acacia melanoxylon compared to non dinitrogen fixing tree species. This study suggested that Acacia melanoxylon in a silvopastoral system had the potential to increase soil N availability.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

山东省高速公路绿化对空气的净化效果研究

采用测定SO2、NO2和CO2气体含量的方法,研究了山东省主要高速公路路侧绿化带,互通立交区、入口匝道区和服务区绿地对空气的净化效果。测定结果表明,路侧绿化带对SO2有较明显的净化作用,互通立交区、入口匝道区和服务区的绿化对SO2和NO2均有较好的吸收净化作用,而高速路绿化对CO2含量的影响则较小。