昭阳区8个烤烟品种综合性状比较研究

2010年对昭通市昭阳区种植的云烟203、云烟99、云烟97、云烟87、红大、KRK26、NC102和PVH19的生育期、农艺性状、抗逆性、经济性状等进行综合比较研究,以K326作为对照品种。结果表明,PVH19农艺性状与K326相当,其他品种农艺性状均优于K326;NC102和PVH19的综合抗逆性较好;云烟系列和NC102品种经济性状显著优于K326,红大、KRK26和PVH19经济性状显著低于K326;云烟系列和NC102综合表现较优。     

寒地粳稻不同杂种优势组合碳氮代谢关键酶活性比较分析

选用产量性状杂种优势有显著差异的4个粳稻杂交组合,分析分蘖期氮代谢关键酶活性和灌浆过程中碳氮代谢关键酶活性及其与产量的关系.结果表明,在分蘖期,高亲优势正向组合的氮代谢关键酶活性显著或极显著高于高亲优势负向组合;在灌浆过程中,高亲优势正向组合的籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、叶片蛋白水解酶活性、籽粒可溶性淀粉合成酶活性和ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性显著或极显著高于高亲优势负向组合.灌浆过程中碳氮代谢关键酶活性与千粒重,单株产量等呈不同程度正相关.     

Comparative anatomy of bisexual and female florets,embryology in Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae), a naturalized horticultural plant

Calendula officinalis is a perennial gynomonoecious herb, often used for medicinal purpose and as ornamentation. The corolla consists of only one petal for ligulate florets, whereas it consists of four to seven petals for disk florets with four to seven stamens accordingly. The bisexual florets are functionally male and their ovaries are either solid or unilocular with no ovule. In contrast, the ovaries of female florets are always unilocular with an anatropous ovule. For bisexual florets, simultaneous cytokinesis in the microsporocyte meiosis leads to tetrahedral, also decussate tetrads. The mature pollen grain is of the three-cell type. The tapetum is mainly of amoeboid type, yet 6.5% antheral tapetum disintegrates in situ, as called glandular tapetum. The young anther wall is composed of epidermis, endothecium, middle layer and tapetum, but the middle layer degenerates at the microspore tetrad stage. The mature anther wall comprises only endothecium, which develops fibrous thickenings. The ovules are unitegmic, tenuinucellatae and the development of the embryo sac follows the monosporic, polygonum type. Before the differentiation of the micropylar cells into egg cell and two synergids, the two polar nuclei fuse into a secondary nucleus and the antipodal cells start degenerating. Two days after blooming, the secondary nucleus has been fertilized by a single sperm nucleus, generating the triploid primary endosperm nucleus.     

世界遗产地游客满意度比较研究——以黄山、庐山、武夷山为例

通过问卷调查法,对黄山、庐山、武夷山3个世界遗产地游客满意度进行了比较分析,指出了3个景区旅游服务存在的问题,并对景区经营管理措施提出了相应的建议。     

呈贡观测场搬迁前后气温对比分析

利用呈贡、昆明、晋宁县气象站1981年1月~2012年9月的历年地面气象观测气温资料,对比分析呈贡观测场搬迁前后气温的变化,并对产生这种现象的原因进行分析。结果表明,呈贡观测场搬迁前由于海拔较高和城市化水平较低的原因,气温相比同处环滇池地区的昆明和晋宁均偏低,2008年以后随着昆明市级行政中心的迁入城市化快速发展,呈贡区气温逐年升高;2012年呈贡观测场搬迁后,由于下垫面土质的差异和探测环境的改善,最低气温升温明显。     

库尔勒香梨及其芽变的比较鉴定

从形态学、细胞学、组织解剖学及孢粉学等多个角度对库尔勒香梨芽变沙01进行比较鉴定,探讨其变异来源,以期为生产栽培和遗传育种提供理论依据。结果表明,普通香梨为二倍体,而沙01是四倍体巨型芽变;相对于香梨,芽变沙01的生长势强,萌芽力强而成枝力弱,枝条粗、长显著增大,叶片有缩短加宽的趋势,坐果率和单果质量也显著提高;花期和枝叶生长物候期与香梨无差异,但果实成熟期明显提前;沙01的气孔显著小于香梨但气孔密度大于香梨,说明组织发生层的LⅠ层发生变异;花粉超微结构与叶片组织显微结构均与香梨有较大差异,说明组织发生层的LⅡ层发生变异。多方面比较鉴定证明沙01在本质上发生变异,结合其植株性状的外在表现,可以通过加强田间管理把其作为一个新品种推广栽培。     

Serum haptoglobin response in red deer naturally infected with tuberculosis

The analysis of haptoglobin (Hp) serum concentration is a very sensitive, but non-specific, indicator of inflammation or infection. Methods to accurately diagnose infection in vivo in wildlife are usually constrained by low sensitivity due to the effects of stress on individual immune response and the challenging logistics of performing tests in the wild. Firstly, we sought to determine serum Hp concentration in red deer (Cervus elaphus) naturally infected with bovine tuberculosis (TB). Secondly, we assessed the complementary diagnostic value of serum Hp levels in conjunction with the cervical comparative skin test (CCT) performed in a subsample (n = 33). Serum Hp concentrations were significantly higher in TB-infected individuals (based on the presence of macroscopic lesions confirmed by culture) compared to those uninfected. In addition, serum Hp significantly changed with the type of animal handling, with captured and handled animals showing higher levels of Hp than hunted animals. Four out of 6 TB positive individuals that tested negative to the CCT (false negatives) showed Hp levels higher than the 95th percentile of healthy animals. These findings indicate that an acute phase response develops in animals with TB. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time that an acute phase protein can provide a complementary assessment for specific diagnosis tests in wild species.     

河南省玉米展示品种比较试验

为加大玉米新品种宣传和推广力度，在全国适宜地区继续组织优良品种展示工作，浚县农科所承担了16个展示品种的比较试验。试验结果表明：鑫玉3号、秦龙14、裕华6号、浚单20、中科11产量较高、综合抗性好，可以大面积推广应用。     

洋葱引种比较试验……

对引进的7个不同洋葱品种的生物学性状、抗病性、产量等特性的比较试验。试验结果表明,紫莹产量最高,较对照紫星增产16.53%,改良赤玉次之,达15.97%,郑研红日较对照增产13.45%,产量方差分析达极显著水平,这3个品种商品性状好,抗病性强,产量高,适合在河南及中原地区推广。     

Life-history and ecological correlates of population change in Dutch breeding birds

Predicting relative extinction risks of animals has become a major challenge in conservation biology. Identifying life-history and ecological traits related to the decline of species helps understand what causes population decreases and sets priorities for conservation action. Here, we use Dutch breeding bird data to correlate species characteristics with national population changes. We modelled population changes between 1990 and 2005 of all 170 breeding bird species using 25 life-history, ecological and behavioural traits as explanatory variables. We used multiple regression and multi-model inference to account for intercorrelated variables, to assess the relative importance of traits that best explain interspecific differences in population trend, and to identify the environmental changes most likely responsible. We found that more breeding birds have increased than decreased in number. The most parsimonious models suggest that ground-nesting and late arrival at the breeding grounds in migratory birds are most strongly correlated with decline. Increasing populations are mainly found among herbivores, sedentary and short-distance migrants, herb- and shrub-nesting birds and large species with a small European range. Declines in ground-nesting and late arriving migrant birds suggest that agricultural intensification, eutrophication and climate change are most likely responsible for changes in Dutch breeding bird diversity. We illustrate that management strategies should primarily focus on the traits and causes responsible for the population changes, in order to be effective and sustainable.