血红铆钉菇液体发酵培养基的优化研究

采用液体发酵培养血红铆钉菇菌丝体,研究了培养基碳源、氮源、无机离子等因素对菌丝体产量的影响。结果表明:适于血红铆钉菇菌丝体液体发酵的培养基配方为:蔗糖30g/L,蛋白胨3g/L,MgSO₄ 0.5g/L,K₂HPO₄ 1.5g/L,KH₂PO₄ 0.2g/L,ZnSO₄ 0.03g/L,MnSO₄0.03g/L;用此培养基培养所得菌丝体产量可达8.655±0.258g/L,是基础培养基的1.5倍。     

血红铆钉菇菌丝体生长特性与培养基筛选

摘要： 对野生血红铆钉菇子实体分离的菌种进行了菌丝生长观察和一、二、三级种培养基配方、液体配方试验,结果表明：血红铆钉菇菌丝在试管斜面上25℃4-5天长满,在90mm平皿3天长满,在-18℃冷冻3天后仍能恢复生长。菌丝一级种的最佳配方是玉米粉PDA培养基;二、三级种以棉籽壳或松林土配合发酵玉米芯更有利于菌丝的生长;液体菌种配方表明以PD为主的配方都适宜血红铆钉菇生长,其中以添加玉米粉、酵母、粪草浸出液能使菌丝生长更加浓密、健壮。 关键词：血红铆钉菇;菌丝体;培养基     

响应面法优化血红铆钉菇子实体多糖提取工艺

以蒸馏水为浸提液,采用单因素试验和响应面法相结合的方式,研究了提取温度、提取时间、液料比对血红铆钉菇子(Gomphidius rutilus)实体多糖提取率的影响。结果表明,这3个因素对多糖提取率的影响依次是提取温度﹥提取时间﹥液料比。采用响应面法对提取工艺进行优化,获得血红铆钉菇子实体多糖的最佳提取工艺是提取温度97℃,液料比50∶1(V∶m,m L∶g),提取时间2.3 h。在此条件下,血红铆钉菇子实体多糖的理论提取率为14.51%,与实测值(14.42%)的吻合度良好。     

新疆乌伦古湖湖拟鲤的生长特征

根据2007年1月至2008年5月采集的1 033尾标本,以微耳石磨片为年龄鉴定和生长退算材料,对乌伦古湖湖拟鲤种群的生长特征进行了研究.结果显示:乌伦古湖湖拟鲤种群雌、雄个体均由7个年龄组(0+～6+龄)组成,相同年龄组雌鱼个体显著大于雄鱼.雌、雄鱼体重与全长表现为异速生长:W♀＝0.9×10<-6TL3.4606,W♂＝1.0×10-6TL3.964.用退算全长拟合的von Bertalanffy生长参数为:雌性TL∞＝300.9 mm,k=0.181 9/y,t0=-0.843 2y;雄性TL∞＝271.8 mm,k＝0.197 4/y,t0＝-0.636 6 y.体重生长参数为:雌性W∞＝=339.5 g,k＝0.181 9/y,t0＝-0.823 9 y;雄性W∞＝-186.0 g,k＝0.196 6/y,t0＝-0.645 0y.生长特征指数为:雌性 =9.708 9;雄性 =9.587 5.雌、雄鱼的生长拐点年龄分别为6.0龄和5.6龄,拐点时全长和体重分别为214.2 mm,104.3 g和192.5 mm,55.5 g.与20世纪90年代种群相比,乌伦古湖湖拟鲤生长速度明显下降,呈现出个体小型化和低龄化趋势.引起这种变化的主要原因可能是过度捕捞、水体盐度上升、SO42-和CL-含量升高以及种间饵料生物竞争加强.     

Winter short-distance migration of juvenile fish between two floodplain water bodies of the Lower River Rhine

Abstract –  During winter, large numbers of juvenile fishes (mainly roach, Rutilus rutilus L.) were observed to migrate at dawn from a floodplain lake into a connected channel, whereas they migrated in the opposite direction at dusk. The diurnal migration pattern was strongly correlated to light intensity. The total number of migrating fish decreased from autumn to spring. Ice coverage and water temperature were the only abiotic factors that affected the seasonal migration pattern significantly. Moonlight, water level, current velocity, rainfall, insolation and wind velocity did not influence the observed migration of juvenile fish. The results are discussed in relation to food availability, predation risk and energy conservation.