米良一号猕猴桃的组织培养研究

米良一号猕猴桃外植体在不同激素的MS培养基上培养．结果表明：①诱导培养基以MS 1．0mg／L ZT为好，材料不经转移可直接分化出丛生芽，ZT浓度在1．5mg／L以上时，对愈伤组织形成有抑制作用，且在1．5mg／L ZT的同时．加0．5mg／L 6-AB，这2种细胞分裂素超量后的抑制作用是累加的，致使抑制作用加剧无芽茎段褐化死亡；②出芽周期长短与茎段年龄和有芽无芽有关，成熟茎段出芽早，幼嫩茎段出芽迟，有芽茎段出芽早，无芽茎段出芽迟，幼嫩的无芽茎段出芽虽晚30d左右．但由愈伤组织形成的丛芽多得多；③米良一号生根能力不强，出芽后不经生根诱导不能生根，1／2MS 1．0mg／L IBA 30g／L蔗糖，有较好的诱导生根作用；④叶片培养再生率正交实验结果表明生长素优先因子顺序为ZT、6-BA、NAA、TDZ，叶的最佳诱导分化培养基为MS 10mg／LBA 0．2mg／L NAA 1．0mg／L TDZ。     

西葫芦双单倍体自交一代离体再生研究

以西葫芦DH12-11409双单倍体植株自交后代种子为试材,研究不同激素组合、外植体类型和苗龄对诱导西葫芦不定芽再生以及不定芽生根的影响。结果表明,取5d龄西葫芦双单倍体黄绿色子叶的子叶节为外植体,在MS+30g/L Suc+8g/L Agar+2.0mg/L 6-BA+0.1mg/L NAA培养基上诱导不定芽效果最好,诱导率高达90.0%,分化系数为8.5;生根培养基则以MS培养基中添加0.05或0.1mg/L NAA为宜;5~6片真叶再生植株经驯化移栽成活率高达90.0%,为再生植株驯化移栽的最佳时期。     

花生高效再生体系的建立初报

为了建立花生高效再生体系,选用外引及自选共8个花生品种(系)胚小叶作外植体,研究愈伤组织诱导率和不定芽分化率。结果表明:品种间愈伤组织诱导率和不定芽分化率均差异显著。品种冀花4号愈伤组织诱导率最高,为98%;太空1号、唐油4号、豫花9626、花育20较高,泉花646、阜花13次之;品系452-2最低,为43%。不定芽分化率为5%~73%,其中冀花4号最高,为73%;太空1号68%较高;豫花9626次之,为35%;花育20、泉花646和452-2较低,分别为13%、11%和10%;阜花13、唐油4号最低,均为5%。     

不同时期叶面喷施多效唑对桃成花及FT基因表达的影响

为阐明多效唑(PP333)对桃叶片FT基因表达的影响,选用桃2年生中农红久保(01-04-190)、03-15-065和03-30-035于2012-04-28—09-01叶面喷施2mg/g的PP333,分析花芽量、花芽比率及FT基因表达量的动态变化。结果表明:自然条件下,FT基因在05-05—05-26期间活跃表达,6/23后FT基因关闭。04-28—05-12喷施PP333对3个品种中FT基因表达显著降低,且对于01-04-19和03-15-0650的花芽数量与花芽比率也无影响。05-26—07-07喷施PP333,诱导FT基因继续或再次启动表达,花芽量和花芽比率均显著增加;而07-21后喷施PP333显著降低FT基因表达,但仍然能显著增加花芽量,并显著提高花芽比率。     

Effect of thinning flower buds on fruit and seed traits and root yield of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, commonly known as ginseng, is a perennial herb. Agricultural practices have an influence on growth and yield of P. ginseng plants. Effect of thinning flower buds (treatment A (TA) the outermost whorl of flower buds in the umbels was retained while all other buds were excised; treatment B (TB) the two outer whorls of flower buds in the umbels) on fruit traits, which include number of fruits per plant, single fruit: double fruit ratio, fruit weigh (FW) per square meter, weight of 100 fruits, vertical length of fruit (VLF), horizontal diameter of the fruit (HFD) and thickness of the fruit (TF), seed traits, which include number of seeds per square meter, weight of 1000 seeds, number of different seed grading categories (extremely large seeds (ELS), large seeds (LS), medium-sized seeds (MS), small seeds (SS)) per square meter, vertical length of the seed (VLS), horizontal diameter of the seed (HSD), thickness of the seed (TS), and the root yield and total ginsenosides content of root of four- and five-year-old cultivated P. ginseng was studied in Fusong region of north-eastern China. The results showed that the FW and VLF, the weight of 1000 seeds, number of ELS per square meter, VLS and HDS of ELS, HDS and TS of MS and root yield were increased significantly by TA and TB (p < 0.05), whereas the number of MS and SS were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in four- and five-year-old plants. The number of ELS and LS in TB and control were higher than that of in TA, and not significant was observed between TB and control. The root yield in TB was significantly higher than that in control of five-year-old plants. Number of the seeds per square meter of five-year-old plants was higher than that of four-year-old plants. The results indicated that the method of thinning flower buds, which was the two outer whorls of flower buds in the umbels, on five-year-old cultivated P. ginseng plants was a favourable method to promote the production of high-quality seeds and maximise the root yield.     

番茄再生体系的建立

以"田园6号"番茄子叶和下胚轴为试材,研究激素的种类和浓度对愈伤组织诱导、愈伤组织继代、不定芽分化及生根的影响,并研究了各因素对番茄愈伤组织褐变的影响。结果表明:MS+IBA0.8mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L诱导所得愈伤最好,MS+IBA1.0mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L最适于愈伤组织的继代,MS+IAA0.5mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L和MS+IAA0.5mg/L+6-BA1.0mg/L分别在诱导外质体直接分化不定芽和愈伤组织分化不定芽上效果最佳,MS+IAA0.5mg/L是诱导不定芽生根的理想培养基。外植体种类和光照强度均对愈伤组织的褐化有一定的影响,10mg/L的VC和0.3%的活性炭则能减缓愈伤组织的褐化。     

苋菜,油菜和芹菜矿物元素含量的研究

本文用ICPS-1000Ⅱ型等离子光谱仪,分别测定了苋菜、油菜、芹菜中的钾、钠、钙、镁、磷、铜、铁、锌、锰、锶十种元素的含量,标准曲线浓度与强度的相关系数(r=0.999)。在几种蔬菜中苋菜铁的含量高,苋菜5个品种中棠东红最高,而且锌、铜、钙、镁等也比较高。测定的7种油菜中,徐州苔菜锌铜比、锰铜比及锌铜锰总量高于其它品种。     

大花天竺葵组织培养初探

以‘亚里士多德’系列的大花天竺葵新品种的叶、叶柄和带芽茎段为外植体,进行了不定芽、愈伤组织的诱导及芽萌发的研究。结果表明,大花天竺葵叶片诱导不定芽分化的最适培养基为MS＋0.5 mg·L^-1NAA＋3.0·L^-16-BA,诱导率75.61%,平均不定芽个数4.98;叶柄诱导愈伤组织的最适培养基为MS＋0.3·L^-1NAA＋1.0·L^-16-BA,诱导率47.2%;带芽茎段诱导不定芽的最适培养基为MS＋0.5·L^-1NAA＋1.0·L^-16-BA,诱导率81.27%。     

红豆树的组织培养技术

以红豆树(Ormosia hosiei et Wils)优树根蘖苗移栽促萌形成枝条为外植体进行带牙茎段组织培养试验研究,结果表明:最佳外植体为半木质化嫩枝顶端的带牙茎段;最适诱导培养基为MS+BA 0.5 mg.L-1+NAA 0.05 mg.L-1,平均诱导率达52.05%;增殖培养阶段最适不定芽诱导培养基为MS+BA 2.0mg.L-1+NAA 0.1 mg.L-1。     

葡萄一年二季结果栽培技术研究

葡萄是果树中花芽较易形成的树种之一,利用这一特性进行二次结果并在生产上运用,已成为葡萄业主进行调节产期供应,提高种植效益的一种手段。南方热量资源丰富,光照强,降温晚,采用全部落叶修剪,破眠催芽,保根保叶,达到葡萄一年二季结果即夏果与秋果。同时测定各处理间浆果大小,糖份含量,及结果枝条氮素与醣类的累积消耗、生长情形,以探讨葡萄不同产期之营养生长和生殖生长间的生理变化。