甘蓝型油菜杂交种混播制种效应

利用甘蓝型油菜隐性无蜡粉遗传标记杂交组合对混播制种效应进行了研究。2002、2003、2004和2007共4个年度的研究结果表明,混播制种比行播制种产量年度平均高18．7％,杂种率高5．1％,纯杂种产量高20．1％。混播制种的增效主要得益于父本植株在田间均衡的分布和良好的个体发育。混播制种法在油菜遗传标记杂种、抗除草剂杂种、掺合杂种等方向上具有潜在应用价值。     

不同温度对大豆种子萌发影响的研究

通过对东农42、东农43、东农163、合丰25、绥农10号采用六种发芽温度4℃、8℃、12℃、15℃、20℃、25℃下温度对大豆种子萌发影响的研究,表明：4℃、8℃温度过低,在调查期间种子一直没有发芽。其它几个温度的发芽率以15℃为最高,12℃为最低,同前人研究发芽率随温度升高而升高不同。同一温度不同品种的发芽率、平均芽长在品种间差异显著,说明种子萌发受遗传因素影响,同一品种不同温度之间的平均芽长随温度的升高依次升高。实验的研究有利于确定大豆的田间播种温度,为适时早播,保证田间种子的发芽,出苗,成苗,及时的成熟提供依据,并为最终的高产奠定基础。     

Assessment of EST- and genomic microsatellite markers for variety discrimination and genetic diversity studies in wheat

It is likely that in the near future sequence information from sequencing programmes and EST libraries will generate an abundance of genic microsatellite markers. This study is focused on the assessment of their likely impact and performance vis-à-vis their genomic counterparts. Microsatellites from two sources were used to assess the genetic diversity in 56 old and new varieties of bread wheat on the UK Recommended List. A set of 12 microsatellite markers generated from genomic libraries and 20 expressed sequence tag (EST)-derived microsatellites were used in the study, and the performance of both marker sets assessed. The EST-derived or genic microsatellites delivered fingerprints of superior quality, amplifying clear products with few stutter bands. Diversity levels as revealed bygenic microsatellites are similar to the few published results. The PIC values for the genic markers were generally lower than those calculated for the genomic microsatellites, though advantages of both marker classes for variety identification applications are discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A SCAR marker linked to the N gene for resistance to root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

The root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are important nematode pests and cause serious diseases in pepper in the world. No molecular markers linked to the nematodes resistance N gene have been reported. In this paper, ‘Carolina Wonder’ (Capsicum annuum L.), a sweet pepper line resistant to root-knot nematode with N gene, ‘20080-5-29’ (C. annuum L.), an inbred line susceptible to root-knot nematode with good horticultural characteristics, and their F₂ progeny with 320 individuals were used as materials. Evaluation of resistance and susceptibility of parental lines, F₁ and F₂ progeny inoculated with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) were carried out. ‘Bulked segregant analysis’ method was used to search for polymorphic markers from 512 pairs of AFLP primers. Based on the assessment of resistance and susceptibility and polymorphism of the AFLP marker in F₂ population, the genetic linkage distance between the AFLP marker and the N gene was estimated. One AFLP marker E39/M41-339 was obtained and transferred to a SCAR marker amplifying a 315 bp DNA fragment linked to the N resistant allele and a 331 bp fragment linked to the N⁺ susceptible allele. The distance between the molecular marker and the nematodes resistance N gene is 6.3 cM. This research delivered a valuable tool for the marker assisted selection of nematodes resistance in pepper.     

鲜干兼用型辣椒新品种‘天椒五号’的选育

‘天椒五号’是从甘肃甘谷线椒98—15中选择优良变异单株98—15—2,经连续多年定向分离、提纯育成的优良新品种。中熟,植株生长势强,抗逆性强,高抗辣椒疫病、炭疽病。果实浅绿色,长线椒形,中辣,商品性好,品质优良。适宜北方早春大棚及露地栽培。     

西葫芦新品种寒丽的选育

西葫芦新品种寒丽是以我国地方品种的分离后代经多代自交选育而成的纯合优良自交系F-70为母本,以国外引进品种的分离后代经多代自交选育而成的高代稳定自交系72-118为父本杂交育成的早熟一代杂交种。该品种植株矮生,株型紧凑,具有早熟、丰产、生长势强、抗逆性好、膨瓜速度快、持续结瓜能力强、商品性好等特点,667m2产量5000kg左右。适于我国大部分地区早春保护地和露地等种植。     

中小果型无籽西瓜新品种博帅的选育

博帅系湖南博达隆科技发展有限公司以9048为母本、M-2为父本杂交育成的中小果型黄瓤无籽西瓜新品种。该品种全生育期90d左右,雌花开放至果实成熟约需27d。植株生长势中强,抗病抗逆性强。果实短椭圆形,果形指数1.2。果皮浅绿底覆绿色齿条带,厚度0.9cm,硬韧,耐贮运。瓤色鲜黄,质脆爽口,纤维少,无籽性能好;中心可溶性固形物12%～13%,边部9%～9.5%。单果质量4kg左右,667m2产量2700kg左右。适应性广,全国各地均可栽培。2009年3月通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号:湘审西瓜2009002。     

鲜切菊花栽培技术

近年来,菊花的种植面积和鲜切菊花的产量大幅增长,但菊花种植过程中病虫害较严重。为提高鲜切菊花的科学种植水平,从品种的选择、定植方式、栽培管理和病虫害防治4个方面分别介绍了春菊、夏菊、秋菊和寒菊的栽培技术要点,以期为提高鲜切菊花的观赏价值和经济效益提供有益参考。     

沈阳市优质高产水稻品种品比试验研究

对引进的14个水稻新品种进行品比试验,鉴定各品种的丰产性、抗逆性及适应条件。试验表明:适合在沈阳地区示范推广的主要品种为辽星1号、千重浪2号、盐粳68、辽优1052和盐丰47;辽优1052相对比较适宜沈阳市以南的中晚熟稻区,并提出了部分品种在推广中应注意的问题,为水稻品种的选用提供参考。     

梨新品种--华酥

‘华酥’为‘早酥’ב八云’种间杂交育成的早熟优质高产抗病梨新品种。果实成熟比早酥早 10～ 15d。果实圆形 ,单果质量 2 0 0～ 2 50g ,果皮黄绿色 ,果肉质细 ,酥脆多汁 ,酸甜适口 ,风味浓并具芳香 ,品质佳。早果高产 ,7年生树产量为 4 2 .5t/hm2 。高抗黑星病。