不同培养基对姬菇P12菌丝体生长的影响

[目的]探明姬菇P12的生物学特性以及同化碳源、氮源和无机盐等的能力。[方法]通过单因素试验和正交试验研究了碳源、氮源、无机盐和pH值对姬菇P12菌丝体生长的影响。[结果]在5种碳源中,姬菇P12菌丝体在蔗糖中的生长速度最快,依次是葡萄糖、麦芽糖和淀粉,乳糖最差;在5种氮源中,蛋白胨最好,酵母膏、豆饼粉和黄豆粉次之,(NH4)2SO4最差;在4种供试无机盐中,差异均不显著(P>0.05),以MgSO4较好。姬菇P12菌丝体生长的最适培养基为:4.0%蔗糖、0.10%蛋白胨、0.10%MgSO4,培养基的最适pH值为7.0。在这种培养基中姬菇P12菌丝体的生长速度最快,长势最好。[结论]姬菇P12菌株对不同的碳源、氮源和无机盐的同化能力不同。     

Study on Antimicrobial and Antiviral Activities of Lysozyme From Marine Strain S-12-86 In Vitro

In this study, the in vitro antimicrobial and antiviral activities of the lysozyme from marine strain S-12-86 （LS） were investigated, The antimicrobial activity of LS was tested by minimum inhibition concentration （MIC） and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC） method. The inhibiting effects of LS on pseudo rabies virus （PRV） in swine kidney cells （PK-15 ceils） were judged by cytopathogenic effect test （CPE）, The results showed LS had a broad antimicrobial spectrum against several standard strains including gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, fungi, etc, The MIC of LS was 0.25-4.00 mg mL^-1 and its MBC was 0.25-8.00 mg mL^-1, respectively, Observation under the transmission electron microscope revealed that the cell wall of Candida albicans was distorted seriously, and the cytoplasm with many cavities was asymmetrical after being hydrolyzed by LS, The median cytotoxicity concentration （TC50） of LS was 100.0 μg mL^-1, the median effective concentration （EC50） was 0.46 μg mL^-1, and the selectivity index （TI = TC50/EC50） was 217. LS could inhibit PRV in PK-15 cells when it was added to cell culture medium at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after PK-15 cells had been infected by PRV. From the results, we concluded that LS had broad antimicrobial spectrum and good inhibiting effects on PRV,     

Fyzs12发酵粗提液的杀线虫活性测定*

 Fyzs12是一种具有杀根结线虫活性的镰孢霉(Fusarium sp.)菌株，该菌的发酵粗提液12h内对爪哇根结线虫（Meloidogyne javanica）二龄幼虫的致死率达87%，并能使线虫的体腔内含物发生消解，同时产生液泡；对爪哇根结线虫卵的孵化有抑制作用。将发酵粗提液稀释到60%时，仍具有原液的杀线虫效果；经过121℃处理25min后，杀线虫效果仍与原液相当，热稳定性好。初步表明该菌有良好的杀线虫作用，具有广阔的应用前景和开发价值。     

2个桉树无性系微量元素叶片营养诊断初探

为了进一步提高桉树Eucalyptus产量,对桉树施微肥试验区的叶片进行了分析.采用叶片营养诊断临界值法探讨了2个桉树无性系的微量元素营养状况,初步获得了刚果12W5桉E.ABL 12W5和尾叶桉U6E. urophylla U6的部分微量元素营养的诊断指标,并进一步在中试区作诊断评价和检验.结果表明:桉树叶片的钼、锌、铜、锰的质量分数与一般植物的有差异.2个无性系的微量元素叶片营养诊断临界值,刚果12W5桉为硼27.90 mg·kg-1 ,锌45.00 mg·kg-1 ,铜1.08 mg·kg-1 ,铁288.00 mg·kg-1 ;尾叶桉U6为:硼13.50 mg·kg-1 ,锌10.80 mg·kg-1 ,钼0.15 mg·kg-1 ,锰216.00 mg·kg-1 ,铁117.00 mg·kg-1 ,其中桉树叶片养分诊断标准与微肥中试区的叶片分析数据相吻合的有这2种桉树叶片中的硼,尾叶桉中的钼,刚果桉中的铜;而中试区的桉树叶片锌、铁、锰的分析数据均未能与诊断标准相吻合,故这3种元素暂不适宜用临界值法诊断指导施肥.表6参22     

马立克氏病病毒编码的miR-M12-5p对鸡HVCN1基因表达的靶向调控

为研究miR-M12-5p在马立克氏病病毒(Marek’s disease virus,MDV)感染过程中的调控作用,利用生物信息学方法对其候选靶基因进行预测分析,发现4个miR-M12-5p的结合靶点。体外双荧光素酶报告试验结果表明,miR-M12-5p可结合宿主鸡的氢离子电压门控通道1(HVCN1)基因mRNA的3'-UTR相应位点并发生特异性相互作用。实时荧光定量PCR分析进一步证实,miR-M12-5p能够在体内下调HVCN1基因的表达水平。上述结果表明,miR-M12-5p可以靶向调控宿主基因HVCN1的表达。     

一株瑞士乳杆菌的分离鉴定及其产VB_(12)的影响因素研究

对市售的乳酸饮品的乳酸菌进行了分离纯化,得到菌株HYWZ-6,结合16S r RNA基因序列分析,确定为瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus),并以温度、Na Cl、胆盐、p H及柠檬酸三钠作为影响因素,对其产VB_(12)进行研究,并利用酶联免疫分析法对该菌在不同因素条件下培养100 h后产VB_(12)的含量进行测定。结果表明,HYWZ-6菌株在不同条件下产VB_(12)的差异性较大,35℃VB_(12)的含量最高,25℃最低,35℃时含量比25℃时高出175.2%;Na Cl质量分数与VB_(12)的含量呈反比,Na Cl质量分数为1%时VB_(12)含量最高,7%时最低,相差224.4%;胆盐质量分数为0.1%时VB_(12)含量达到最高;p H为4时VB_(12)含量最高,在p H为7时VB_(12)含量最低,前者是后者的5.8倍;柠檬酸三钠质量分数为2.5%时VB_(12)的产量最高,比最低产量高出143.2%。     

Effects of DHRS3 in C2C12 Myoblast Differentiation and Mouse Skeletal Muscle Injury

Myoblast differentiation is an essential process during skeletal muscle development. C2 C12 myoblast is a commonly used experimental model to study muscle cell differentiation in vitro. Dehydrogenase/reductase(SDR family) member 3(DHRS3) is a highly conserved member in short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and has been shown to be involved in the metabolism of retinol. Previous experimental results showed that the expression of DHRS3 increased significantly during the differentiation of myoblasts differentiation. However, the effect of DHRS3 on mouse muscle cell differentiation was unclear. The objective of current study was to determine if DHRS3 affected muscle cell differentiation, and if DHRS3 was involved in muscle regeneration. Protein expression was determined by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The activation and inhibition of DHRS3 increased and decreased C2 C12 myoblast differentiation respectively, which indicated that DHRS3 could affect C2 C12 myoblast differentiation. DHRS3 expression was significantly changed during muscle regeneration, with the regeneration of muscle injury, the expression of DHRS3 tended to increase first and then decrease. It suggested that DHRS3 might be involved in muscle regeneration. In summary, this study confirmed the involvement of DHRS3 in C2 C12 myoblast differentiation and mouse skeletal muscle regeneration and provided a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of muscle development.     

First Identification of 12β-Deoxygonyautoxin 5 (12α-Gonyautoxinol 5) in the Cyanobacterium Dolichospermum circinale (TA04) and 12β-Deoxysaxitoxin (12α-Saxitoxinol) in D. circinale (TA04) and the Dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum (Group IV) (120518KureAC)

Saxitoxin and its analogues, paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), are potent and specific voltage-gated sodium channel blockers. These toxins are produced by some species of freshwater cyanobacteria and marine dinoflagellates. We previously identified several biosynthetic intermediates of PSTs, as well as new analogues, from such organisms and proposed the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of PSTs. In this study, 12β-deoxygonyautoxin 5 (12α-gonyautoxinol 5 = gonyautoxin 5-12(R)-ol) was identified in the freshwater cyanobacterium, Dolichospermum circinale (TA04), and 12β-deoxysaxitoxin (12α-saxitoxinol = saxitoxin-12(R)-ol) was identified in the same cyanobacterium and in the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum (Group IV) (120518KureAC) for the first time from natural sources. The authentic standards of these compounds and 12α-deoxygonyautoxin 5 (12β-gonyautoxinol 5 = gonyautoxin 5-12(S)-ol) were prepared by chemical derivatization from the major PSTs, C1/C2, produced in D. circinale (TA04). These standards were used to identify the deoxy analogues by comparing the retention times and MS/MS spectra using high-resolution LC-MS/MS. Biosynthetic or metabolic pathways for these analogues have also been proposed based on their structures. The identification of these compounds supports the α-oriented stereoselective oxidation at C12 in the biosynthetic pathway towards PSTs.     

Effects of N-methyl-D, L-aspartate on secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone from the boar hypothalamic-preoptic area and median eminence in vitro

N-methyl-D, L-aspartate (NMA) elicited secretion of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone from both the hypothalamic-preoptic area and the median eminence that were collected from boars. We suggest that the previously described increase in GH secretion that follows peripheral treatment of swine with NMA is attributable, at least in part, to NMA-stimulated secretion of GH-releasing hormone from the central nervous system.     

嗅鞘细胞对无血清培养诱导PC12细胞凋亡的作用

采用无血清培养诱导PC12细胞凋亡,研究嗅鞘细胞(Olfactory ensheathing cells,OECs)对去血清后诱导PC12细胞凋亡中的作用。通过MTT法检测细胞的活性,细胞形态学观察,以及结合流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡率,井对不同组细胞凋亡率进行比较。结果表明：①OECs培养上清对去血清后PC12细胞的存活有明显的促进作用;②从形态学上观察,OECs对去血清诱导PC12细胞凋亡有明显的抑制作用,使得细胞向死亡过渡受阻;②流式细胞对细胞周期分析,去血清诱导后的PC12细胞,大部分细胞滞留在G1期,细胞向S期过渡受阻,造成G1期细胞的堆积,它们所占比例分别为：73．6％,25．9％,0．5％;而OECs联合培养组所占比例：53％,42．3％,4．7％;OECs上清组：42．1％,52．2％,5．7％;正常有血清培养组：45,6％,41．4％,13％。凋亡细胞所占百分比分别为：60．3％,45,6％,37．4％,0．5％。