山羊转t-PA突变体基因的体细胞核移植研究

比较了用转t-PA突变体基因的胎儿成纤维细胞和卵丘细胞作供体时核移胚的发育情况。结果表明：卵丘细胞作供体时,核移胚的卵裂率（82.9%）和桑葚胚率（55.9%）均高于胎儿成纤维细胞卵裂率（75.7%）和桑葚胚率（48.7%）,但差异不显著（P＞0.05）;卵丘细胞作供体时的囊胚率（19.7%）则高于胎儿成纤维细胞（11.0%）,差异显著。(P<0.05)。比较了饥饿处理与否对胎儿成纤维细胞作供体时转基因核移胚的发育情况。结果表明：供体细胞饥饿后,其核移胚的卵裂率（75.6%）与供体不饥饿的卵裂率（75.8%）差异不显著;供体细胞饥饿后,其核移胚的桑葚胚率（46.5%）和囊胚率（11.0%）高于供体不饥饿的桑葚胚率（39.3%）和囊胚率（9.0%）,但差异不显著。比较了SOFaa和CR1aa分别添加10%FBS和bFF后,转基因核移胚的发育情况。结果表明：用CR1aa液培养时,添加10%bFF,其囊胚率（9.1%）高于添加10%FBS（4.2%）（P＞0.05）;用SOF液培养时,添加10%bFF,其囊胚率（11.2%）高于添加10%FBS（5.5%）（P＞0.05）。说明用SOF液优于CR1aa液。     

法国番鸭与普通家鸭肉用性能对比测定

本试验就法国番鸭CR51、樱桃谷系大型肉鸭和成都麻鸭，分别进行屠宰测定、肉质氨基酸测定和胸肌营养物质测定。结果表明：法国番鸭活体重、屠宰率、胸肌率及胸肌氨基酸含量普遍高于大型肉鸭和成都麻鸭，营养价值较高。     

p62/SQSTM1 expression in canine mammary tumours: Evolutionary notes

Recent studies highlighted the role of autophagy as a cardinal regulatory system for homeostasis and cancer‐related signalling pathways. In this context, the deregulated expression of p62 – Sequestosome1 (p62/SQSTM1) – a protein acting both as an autophagy receptor and signalling hub, has been associated with tumour development and chronic inflammation. Multiple clinical studies test drugs targeting autophagy, and even more research is on the way to clinical trials. However, no comparative investigations have been carried out to identify adequate preclinical models to assess p62‐based medicine. In veterinary oncology the role of p62 in cancer‐related pathways has been largely ignored. We compared p62 sequences in multiple organisms and found that canine p62 significantly diverges from the humans and from other animals sequences. Then, we chart by immunohistochemistry the expression levels of p62 in canine mammary tumours. A total of 66 tumours and 10 non‐neoplastic mammary samples were examined. The expression of p62 was higher in normal tissue and adenomas than carcinomas, with lowest levels of p62 protein detected in high grade carcinomas. In all cases examined the tumour stroma appeared to be p62‐negative. Taken together our results would suggest that in dogs the association between p62 expression and cancer cells overturns that reported in human breast carcinoma, where p62 accumulates in malignant cells as compared to normal epithelium. Thus, at least in canine mammary tumours, p62 should be not considered a tumour‐rejection antigen for an anti‐cancer immunotherapy.     

杂交稻新组合“Ⅱ优明62”选育及其产量构成因素分析

介绍了高产、优质、抗病晚稻新组合Ⅱ优明62的选育过程、主要特征特性,并对其产量构成因素进行相关、通径分析。     

Cytoskyrins and cytosporones produced by Cytospora sp. CR200: taxonomy, fermentation and biological activities

In screening endophytic fungi from Costa Rica for bioactivity, fungal culture CR200, isolated from a buttonwood tree, was found to contain compounds that initiate DNA damage in a test strain of E. coli (Biochemical Induction Assay, BIA) and inhibit growth of Gram-positive bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains. Two new bisanthraquinones (cytoskyrins A and B) and five new related octaketides (cytosporones A-E) were isolated from fermentation broths of this fungus. Cytoskyrin A exhibited potent in-vitro antibacterial (MICs against Gram-positive bacteria, 0.03 – 0.25 μg/mL) and DNA-damaging activities (10 ng/spot), whereas cytoskyrin B was inactive in these assays. Among the cytosporones, only D and E exhibited Gram-positive activity, but they were inactive in the BIA. Mechanistically, cytoskyrin A specifically inhibited DNA synthesis in E. coli imp at its MIC; however, it also moderately inhibited protein synthesis at 2x its MIC. Cytoskyrin A exhibited poor cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines (IC₅₀ > 5 μg/mL) compared to known antitumor agents. The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region of CR200 was found to share highest similarity (94–96%) with Cytospora spp. Micro- and macroscopic morphological observations of the conidia and conidiomata, respectively, also suggested this fungus to be a Cytospora sp.     

辐照灭菌对10种中药有效成分含量的影响

用不同剂量的γ射线对10种中药材进行灭菌试验，并测定其辐照前后有效成分的变化。结果表明，灭菌剂量下的γ射线辐基本不影响10种中药材的有效成分含量。     

培养液及血清浓度对山羊孤雌胚胎体外培养的影响

试验比较了在SOFaa，CRlaa，mCRlaa3种培养液中添加不同浓度的成年山羊血清(NGS)对山羊孤雌胚胎进行体外培养的效果。结果表明：在3种培养液中，添加10％的NGS对山羊孤雌胚胎的体外发育效果较好，囊胚率分别可达62．79％(81／129)、53．52%(38／71)、13．64％(12／88)；mCRlaa组囊胚发育率和囊胚细胞数显著低于SOFaa组和CRlaa组，SOFaa组优于CRlaa组．但SOFaa组和CRlaa组间无显著差异。在现有试验条件下，以在SOFaa培养液中．山羊孤雌胚胎的体外培养的第72小时时加入10％的NGS的发育效果较好，囊胚率可达62．79％。     

定量检测瘤胃纤维降解细菌的RT-PCR法

 【目的】建立一种适用于瘤胃主要纤维降解细菌的RT-PCR定量检测方法,通过培养技术监测瘤胃纤维降解细菌在不同环境下的数量变化,为深入研究反刍动物瘤胃发酵机理以及对纤维素资源的有效利用提供技术支持。【方法】分别以Fibrobacter succinogenes、Ruminococcus flavefaciens与Ruminococcus albus 的16SrDNA为靶序列设计相应的引物,建立SYBR GreenⅠRT-PCR定量体系。【结果】本研究所采用的引物及相应的PCR反应体系具有较高的特异性和灵敏度,检测极限可达50拷贝。采用RT-PCR方法检测瘤胃纤维降解细菌的定量结果与传统计数结果具有一致的变化趋势,相关性较高（r2=0.9591,P＜0.05）,表明RT-PCR定量检测方法可以较为准确、迅速的检测绵羊瘤胃纤维降解菌群的数量随环境变化的情况。【结论】本研究所建立的RT-PCR检测方法能够较准确反映瘤胃纤维降解细菌数量的变化。     

红细胞免疫系统的回顾与展望

“红细胞免疫系统”概念于1981年首先由美国学者Siegel提出。20多年来国内外学者进行了大量研究,发现红细胞有许多与免疫有关的物质(如CR1、CR3,LFA-3,SOD),并具有识别、粘附、浓缩、杀伤抗原,传递抗原信息和清除循环免疫复合物的能力,参与机体免疫调控,许多疾病(如SLE)免疫发病机制中,红细胞天然免疫缺陷占有很重要的地位。本文回顾了红细胞免疫研究的发展历程,介绍了红细胞免疫的物质基础、免疫功能及影响红细胞免疫功能的因素,综述了红细胞免疫在分子生物学等方面的研究进展。     

黄瓜MADS-box基因家族生物信息学分析及CsMADS-box AGL62的克隆

分别以全雌系D1104-2-4、强雌系D1158♀-2、雌雄异花同株D0528-2为母本,与1个雌雄异花同株父本D0708-2杂交获得杂种一代,调查开花初期、根瓜期、盛果期3个时期雌性相关农艺性状,筛选出差异显著的组合进行转录组测序分析进而分析黄瓜杂交组合间MADS-box家族的差异基因。结果表明:以全雌系D1104-2-4为母本的杂种一代C15-114在雌花数、雌花节率上均具有超亲优势,3个杂交组合F1均具有早熟的中亲优势。转录组分析结果发现,以全雌系D1104-2-4为母本的杂种一代基因表达情况显著的偏向母本,挑选的37个黄瓜MADS-box家族基因只有6个与母本有表达差异,17个与父本有表达差异。生物信息学分析并命名了1个差异最显著的基因Cs MADS-box AGL62,该基因全长745 bp,编码187个氨基酸,编码的蛋白属于线粒体中不稳定的亲水性跨膜蛋白,NCBI比对结果表明该蛋白是1个转录因子,系统进化分析发现其与甜瓜中AGL62同源性最高,在黄瓜中该蛋白和其他黄瓜AGL62亚型属于同一分支并且属于I型。