宜春市矮生菜豆品种比较试验

比较了8个矮生菜豆品种的生育期、果实主要性状及产量。试验结果表明,供试的8个品种生育期相差不大,综合考虑荚长、荚宽、荚厚、单荚质量以及产量,无筋绿地豆王综合性状最优,适宜在江西宜春地区大面积推广应用。     

Biofortification of hens’ eggs with microelements by innovative bio‐based dietary supplement

New bio‐based dietary supplement with micronutrients for livestock was elaborated. The new preparation was tested on laying hens to determine the influence of new biological feed additives on the level of trace elements in egg content. The diet of laying hens (Hy‐Line Brown, 30 weeks of age) was supplemented with soya bean meal enriched with Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II) and Cr(III) by biosorption. A total of 150 laying hens were divided into five groups: one control and four experimental. In the control group, microelements were supplemented in the inorganic form, whereas in experimental groups, Cu, Zn, Fe and Cr were replaced with soya bean meal enriched with a given microelement ion. The feeding experiment was conducted for 12 weeks and was divided into three series. The results showed that adding the new feed additives to the diet of laying hens had an impact on microelement transfer to eggs, in particular with increased dosing. Eggs were biofortified with iron, zinc and copper and to a lesser extent with chromium. The microelements were accumulated primarily in the albumen because soy protein was the carrier of micronutrient ions in hens’ diet. Transfer of trace elements to eggs was not linearly dependent on the dosage of biologically bound microelements in the diet.     

S3307和DTA-6对芸豆生殖生长阶段光合特性和产量的影响

为研究调节剂对芸豆光合作用及产量的调控机制,选用英国红芸豆为试验材料,采用大田完全随机试验方法,以初花期叶面喷施调节剂为处理,以喷施清水为对照,研究了50 mg·L^-1烯效唑(S₃₃₀₇)和50 mg·L^-1胺鲜酯(DTA-6)对芸豆开花期、结荚期和鼓粒期光合相关指标和产量的调控效应。结果表明:1)除DTA-6在结荚期的净光合速率略小外,S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6均不同程度地提高了开花期至鼓粒期的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和叶面积指数。2)S₃₃₀₇可提高结荚期至鼓粒期的叶绿素含量,DTA-6可降低开花期至鼓粒期叶绿素的分解速率。3)S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6可提高芸豆各时期的地上部单株干物质积累量,尤其是鼓粒期作用效果更显著,S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6较CK分别增加了14.55%和36.05%。4)与CK相比,S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6降低了开花期至鼓粒期的茎叶分配率,显著提高了鼓粒期的荚分配率,促进了植物同化物质由“源(叶)”向“库(籽粒)”的转移。5)S₃₃₀₇极显著提高了芸豆单株荚数,DTA-6极显著提高了单株荚数,显著提高了单株粒重,且S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6均显著提高了产量,分别较CK增产4.30%和10.16%。综合分析可知,S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6可有效提高芸豆生殖生长阶段的光合作用能力,促进植物的干物质积累以及荚的分配,提高芸豆产量,且DTA-6的增产率更高。     

早熟菜用绿子叶春蚕豆新品种临蚕11号的选育

临蚕11号是以保山透心绿为母本、以青海11号为父本,与青海省农林科学院通过穿梭育种方法杂交选育而成,是国内首个育成的绿子叶春蚕豆新品种。生育期110d(天)左右,早熟中粒,子叶翠绿色、特色明显,商品性好,株型紧凑,株高100.6cm左右,有效分枝1~2个,株荚数10~13荚,株粒数25粒左右,种皮有光泽、半透明,种脐白色,鲜粒百粒重362.50±5.42g。蛋白质含量高、品质优良,干籽粒粗蛋白含量31.42%,赖氨酸1.60%,淀粉42.60%。田间对根腐病的抗性强于对照本地尕蚕豆,每667m2鲜籽粒产量610kg左右,适宜在甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆等无霜期短的高海拔寒冷阴湿及农牧交错地区种植。     

蚕豆营养粉作为组合主食的营养价值及其应用性研究探讨

介绍了组合主食的含义以及重要性，以蚕豆营养粉为例阐述了组合主食的方法，以及蚕豆营养粉主要的营养价值：蚕豆营养粉相比较不同单一的面粉不但营养有所提高，而且在主食加工制作方面也不受影响，加工的馒头、面条更具特色。并进一步探讨了蚕豆营养粉作为组合主食的应用价值及其前景。     

小豆新品种苏红5号的选育及高产栽培技术研究

小豆是江苏省的主要栽培豆类作物之一,其籽粒不仅具有高蛋白、低脂肪的特性,还是人类需要的多种矿物质的来源,越来越受到人们的青睐。但生产上使用的小豆品种,存在着品种杂、产量低、品质差等问题,严重影响了其生产效益,为此选育高产优质的小豆品种显得尤其重要。苏红5号是江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所最新育成的红小豆品种,2015年通过江苏省鉴定,该品种具有高产、优质、抗病等优点。介绍该品种的选育过程、主要特征特性及高产栽培技术。     

小豆套管杂交技术研究

杂交育种是通过品种间有性杂交创造新变异而选育品种的方法,是目前国内外应用最主要最普遍的手段之一。本文主要介绍了应用套管杂交技术进行小豆杂交育种的方法,通过该技术的实施,杂交成功率可达50%～70%。     

芦笋保健茶活性成分动态溶出分析研究

[目的]提取芦笋中总黄酮并分析芦笋保健茶活性成分的动态溶出情况,促进芦笋茶的推广与发展。[方法]以新鲜芦笋为原料,采用超声乙醇提取法提取芦笋总黄酮并测定它们在芦笋不同部位的含量。制作芦笋袋泡茶,从分子水平对芦笋袋泡茶活性成分的溶出进行动态分析。通过设定不同浸泡时间、不同温度条件以及不同芦笋袋泡茶投料量,测定浸出物中黄酮类成分的含量,并通过正交试验来确定芦笋茶的最佳冲泡条件。[结果]在芦笋的不同部位总黄酮含量有差异,从芦笋顶端到根部逐渐递减;芦笋袋泡茶的最佳冲泡条件为芦笋袋泡茶投料量4.0 g,浸泡水温90℃,浸泡时间25 min。[结论]研究表明,今后可根据所需要的成分对芦笋进行合理的利用;同时可为芦笋茶的科学冲泡及芦笋类饮品的开发利用提供理论依据。     

Differences in mobility of calcium applied to the aboveground parts of broad bean plants (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

The mobility of ⁴⁵Ca applied to several of the aboveground parts of the broad bean plant (Vicia faba L.) was investigated to determine the effect of foliar application of calcium (Ca). Calcium applied to the top or the underside surface of a leaf scarcely moved from the leaf. A small amount of Ca applied to a pod moved to the inner seeds, but the majority remained on the pod wall. Calcium applied to the stem was the most mobile. Most of the Ca applied to the axillary side of the stem moved to the leaves and pod on the applied nodes. By contrast, more of the Ca applied to the side opposite the axillary side of the stem moved to the upper nodes. Thus, Ca solution should be sprayed onto the stem rather than the leaves for effective foliar application of Ca.     

晋北地区春播红小豆丰产栽培技术

播期、种植密度与施肥量是影响红小豆产量的主要栽培因子,通过近年来的示范推广,摸索总结出一套适宜晋北地区红小豆创高产的丰产栽培技术,即"一优四适,一保五早"丰产栽培技术措施。"一优"即选用优良品种。"四适"即适期播种,适度密植,配合氮、磷、钾、有机肥适当增施钼肥、菌肥,适宜条件精量点播;"一保"即保全苗,使苗全、苗齐、苗匀、苗壮;"五早"即早间苗、早追促苗肥、早中耕、早管理、早防治病虫草害。