Role of post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph drainage in restoring balance of ACE/ACE2 in kidney of mice

AIM: To study the role of post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) drainage on the balance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 in the kidney. METHODS: A hemorrhagic shock model was established and then fluid resuscitation was performed to the animals in shock and shock+drainage groups, and the PHMSL was drained in shock+drainage group after fluid resuscitation. After 6 h of resuscitation, the mRNA expression of ACE, ACE2, angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor (MasR), and the levels of Ang Ⅱ and Ang (1-7) in the renal tissues were observed. RESULTS: Hemorrhagic shock increased the levels of ACE mRNA, AT1R mRNA and Ang Ⅱ, and decreased the levels of ACE2 mRNA, MasR mRNA and Ang(1-7) in the kidney. PHSML drainage abolished the effect of hemorrhagic shock on ACE2 and AT1R mRNA expression. Meanwhile, PHSML drainage reduced the hemorrhagic shock-induced increases in the ratios of ACE/ACE2, Ang Ⅱ/Ang(1-7) and AT1R/MasR. CONCLUSION: The PHSML drainage restores the balance of ACE/ACE2, which is beneficial to alleviate acute kidney injury following hemorrhagic shock in the mice.     

链霉菌-XY52代谢产物对小瓜虫的体外杀灭活性研究

[目的]研究链霉菌发酵代谢产物对小瓜虫幼虫和包囊的杀灭活性.[方法]通过不同极性溶剂回流提取链霉菌发酵液,制备粗提物,进行杀灭小瓜虫幼虫和包囊的药效活性试验,并对活性部位进行安全性评价.[结果]链霉菌发酵液的乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物体外杀幼虫效果明显高于其他组别,其对小瓜虫幼虫的半数致死浓度分别为48.2和15.5 mg/L,正丁醇提取物浓度为30.0 mg/L时对小瓜虫包囊杀灭率为100％.急性毒性试验结果表明,正丁醇提取物对草鱼的48h半致死浓度为(LC50)为195.0 mg/L,其安全浓度为48.7 mg/L.[结论]链霉菌-XY52代谢产物有望开发为一种比较安全的杀虫候选药物.     

苯胺·二甲苯和硝基苯对白鲢的急性毒性研究

[目的]探讨苯胺、二甲苯和硝基苯对白鲢的急性毒性。[方法]在实验室内的短期生物测试中,以白鲢为试验生物,将其暴露于3种化合物不同浓度的试验液中,通过其死亡率求出48 h内的最大无死亡浓度和最小全致死浓度。[结果]苯胺、二甲苯和硝基苯对白鲢的急性毒性正式试验浓度范围分别为70~100 mg/L4、0~50 mg/L和80~120 mg/L,均属于高毒物质。苯胺、二甲苯和硝基苯48 h内的最大无死亡浓度和最小100%致死浓度分别为70和100 mg/L、40和50 mg/L8、0和120 mg/L。苯胺、二甲苯和硝基苯对白鲢的急性毒性大小为:硝基苯>苯胺>二甲苯。[结论]研究鱼类的急性毒性可以用作评价水体环境安全性的一个快速有效的初级筛选手段。     

牛心朴子生物碱原药毒理检验

按照《农药登记毒理学试验方法》(GB15670-1995)对牛心朴子生物碱原药进行急性经口、经皮毒性试验、皮肤刺激试验、眼刺激试验和致敏试验。该受试物对大鼠经口LD50雄性为>5 000 mg/kg,雌性为>5 000mg/kg;对大鼠经皮LD50雄性为>2 000 mg/kg,雌性为>2 000 mg/kg;对试验兔急性皮肤刺激、眼刺激平均刺激指数均为0;对豚鼠致敏试验致敏率为33.33%。因此,该受试物急性经口、经皮均属低毒性,皮肤刺激、眼睛刺激试验为无刺激性,致敏试验属中度弱致敏物。     

5种常用水产药物对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性研究

[目的]研究常用水产药物对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性。[方法]在室内常温、半静水条件下,采用硫酸铜、甲醛、氰戊菊酯、三唑磷和敌百虫开展对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性试验,分别在试验24、48、72和96 h后记录胭脂鱼幼鱼死亡数和试验药液的安全质量浓度。[结果]硫酸铜、甲醛、氰戊菊酯、三唑磷和敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼96 h的LC50值分别为1.96、80.0、0.002、0.049和16.0 mg/L。胭脂鱼幼鱼对硫酸铜、甲醛、氰戊菊酯、三唑磷和敌百虫96h安全质量浓度分别为0.57、27.2、0.009、0.013和6.9 mg/L,5种药物对胭脂鱼幼鱼的毒性大小依次为氰戊菊酯、三唑磷、硫酸铜、敌百虫、甲醛,胭脂鱼幼鱼对氰戊菊酯、三唑磷、敌百虫具有一定的耐受性。[结论]该研究为胭脂鱼人工苗种繁育过程中合理用药防治病害提供了理论依据。     

Antinociceptive effect and acute toxicity of the Hyptis suaveolens leaves aqueous extract on mice

The aqueous extract of Hyptis suaveolens leaves was studied for their antinociceptive property in chemical and thermal models of nociception in mice. Oral administration of the aqueous extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced the number of writhings induced by acetic acid, decreased the licking activity of the early phase in formalin test and increased the reaction time in hot-plate test. The antinociceptive effect was significantly antagonized by naloxone (3 mg/kg; i.p.). Preliminary acute toxicity study showed that no animal death with doses up to 5 g/kg (p.o.).     

Cytotoxic activity of Origanum dictamnus

Several extracts of Origanum dictamnus, an endemic plant of Greece growing only in the island of Crete and the bioassay-directed isolated ursolic acid, were tested in vitro against the P388 (murine leukemia) and the human bronchial epidermoid cancer NSCLC-N6 (non small cell lung cancer) cell lines. Both the initial dichloromethane extract and the isolated from it ursolic acid exhibited cytotoxic activity. Ursolic acid was also tested in vivo, on murine ascite leukemia P388, where it exhibited at a dose of 50 mg/kg a marginal antileukemic activity.     

急性热应激对肉鸡血浆及尿中的矿物质浓度的影响

为研究急性热应激对肉仔鸡矿物质代谢的影响,本试验采用２０只９周龄肉仔鸡,分成两组,一组施人工肛门术用于集尿,另一组离血管插管术用于连续采血,在程控人工气候舱内设置急性热暴露条件,即１ｈ内由２０℃升温至３３℃维持３ｈ后迅速降至常温。分别在热应激前、中、后连续采集尿和血样,并测定矿物质元素含量。结果表明,急性热应激显著影响血浆中Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｃａ、Ｎａ、Ｍｇ、Ｋ、Ｃｒ的浓度（Ｐ〈０．０５）,     

3种药物对凡纳滨对虾仔虾的毒性研究

［目的］探讨3种药物对凡纳滨对虾仔虾的急性毒性及相互关系。［方法］以480尾健康的凡纳滨对虾仔虾为试验对象,用高锰酸钾、甲醛、聚维酮碘3种药物分别进行单一药物和任2种药物组合对凡纳滨对虾仔虾的急性毒性和联合毒性试验。［结果］3种药物对凡纳滨对虾仔虾24、48、72、96 h的半致死浓度分别为,甲醛：70.21、43.56、37.65、26.22 mg/L;高锰酸钾5.54、3.74、3.22、2.84 mg/L;聚维酮碘 7.05、5.26、4.39、3.53 mg/L;其对凡纳滨对虾仔虾的安全浓度分别为2.62、0.28、0.35 mg/L。这3种药物毒性大小依次为：高锰酸钾＞聚维酮碘＞甲醛。［结论］聚维酮碘与高锰酸钾和甲醛对凡纳滨对虾仔虾的毒性表现为协同作用;低毒性强度的甲醛对高锰酸钾具拮抗作用,当高锰酸钾与甲醛毒性强度相当时表现为相互独立作用。