响应面分析法优化罗汉果黄酮提取工艺条件的研究

在单因素试验的基础上,选取乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间3个因素,采用响应面分析法,以罗汉果黄酮溶液得率为响应面,进行提取工艺的优化。结果表明:乙醇浓度76.59%,提取温度为84.29℃,提取时间0.76 h时,预测罗汉果黄酮得率最优值为1.573%,经试验验证罗汉果黄酮实际得率为1.538%,与模型预测值接近,可见采用响应面法对罗汉果黄酮的提取条件优化合理可行。     

不同干燥处理的罗汉果化学成分色谱指纹图谱分析

采用不同干燥温度和时间对6个不同产地的罗汉果鲜果进行处理,利用高效液相色谱指纹图谱及含量测定方法分析不同处理干果化学成分的差异,同时分析罗汉果果皮、果肉及种子的化学成分及其分布。结果表明,不同温度干燥的干果化学成分指纹图谱具有差异性,主要色谱峰强度以冷冻干燥样品的最强,96℃干燥的样品最弱;罗汉果苷V含量也以冷冻干燥处理的最高,96℃干燥处理的最低。此外,罗汉果果皮、果肉、种子色谱图中的主要色谱峰不一致,表明不同化学成分在果实不同部位的分布不同。因此,指纹图谱可用于检测罗汉果药材的质量,研究结果为科学炮制罗汉果药材及药效提供依据。     

罗汉果“3414”肥效试验

为探索出罗汉果种植的最佳施肥配比,提高肥料利用效率,在主产区桂林市临桂区开展了罗汉果"3414"肥效试验。结果表明,增施氮、磷、钾能显著提高产量和大中果率,过量施用将降低产量和大中果率,该地区罗汉果推荐施肥量为纯N 378.12 kg/hm~2、P_2O_5285.28 kg/hm~2、K_2O 418.63 kg/hm~2。     

赣中北界引种罗汉果的生育表现

罗汉果原产广西北部,早在1981年我省赣南已获引种成功.1986年起,罗汉果引种由赣南推向赣北,经过几年试种,单株挂果比原产地高出5个,品质较原产地更好。干果:一级枝 Vc 含量194.8mg/100g、总糖含量17.91%;二级枝 Vc 含量210.1mg/100g、总糖含量16.95%.Vc含量比原产地高出53%,总糖含量比原产地高出2%～39.8%。赣中北界引种罗汉果的成功是目前我国纬度较北的地区,这充分说明,无论山区、丘陵、平原都存在农业气候相似的区域。因此,在较高纬度地区也存在着可能种植罗汉果的区域。     

罗汉果健株、疱叶丛枝病病株和脱病原植株的形态解剖比较

罗汉果的健株、疱叶丛枝病(属类菌质体 mycoplasma—like organisms,简称 MLO)病株和脱病株3者形态解剖观察表明:病株症状明显,病原潜患在植株输导系统的生活细胞内.以双韧维管束内、外韧皮部的筛管和伴胞最为普遍;皮层薄壁细胞偶有溶生侵入线;某些气孔器、水孔被侵染后有所变形.由于病原蔓延到细脉末梢的传递细胞,截断了短途水分和溶质的转递,而导致栅栏组织和海绵组织细胞的萎缩崩溃、叶绿体颗粒瓦解、叶肉组织膨松、叶片黄化、发疱皱卷.健株和脱病植株地上部营养器官均不存在上述症状,但两者在组织结构分化程度上有所区别.     

罗汉果组培苗扦插繁殖技术研究

采用正交试验设计研究了扦插温度、基质、植物生长调节剂种类及其浓度对罗汉果组培苗扦插效果的影响。结果表明,成活因子和长势因子分别为第1、2主成分,2个因子的方差累计贡献率在77%以上;扦插温度、植物生长调节剂种类对扦插苗的影响较大,扦插基质、植物生长调节剂浓度影响次之。扦插效果最佳组合为吲哚丁酸200 mg/L+25℃+细河砂。     

Effects of Momordica grosvenori Saponins on Type 2 Diabetes Rats Induced by High-sucrose/High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of Momordica grosvenori saponins on improving the effect of high-sucrose/high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes in rats.The type 2 diabetes rat model was established with a high-sucrose and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin.Successfully modeled rats were given the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori (100,200,400 mg/kg) or metformin (268 mg/kg) by gavage,once a day for 4 weeks.Recording the "three more and one less"index (24 h internal urine output,water intake and feed intake,body weight);Detecting of biochemical indicators,analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG),serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),insulin (INS),catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),alanine aminotransferase (AST),aspartate aminotransferase (ALT),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels.Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the pathological changes of the pancreas.Compared with the model group,the feed intake,water intake,urine output,blood indicators FBG,INS,MDA,TC,TG,BUN and Cr levels,AST and ALT activities were significantly or extremely significantly decreased in the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori each dose group and metformin group (P<0.05;P<0.01),while CAT,SOD activities and HDL-C level were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).In pancreatic tissue,the number of pancreatic cells was increased significantly,and the pathological damage of the pancreas was significantly reduced. Momordica grosvenori saponins and metformin had obvious effects on improving glucose metabolism disorders,and at the same time could significantly reduce insulin resistance,enhance the body’s ability to resist oxidative stress and improve liver and kidney functions.     

罗汉果高产优质栽培经验小结

罗汉果是永福县特产,2004年全县种植达667hm2,经过几年种植试验,总结出罗汉果高产优质栽培经验,现介绍如下:     

罗汉果机械化烘干技术研究与试验

罗汉果是广西著名的优势农产品,是生长在我国亚热带山区里的多年生宿根藤本植物,既是名贵药材,又是高级清凉饮料兼调味品,其含有丰富的天然葡萄糖和果糖,它主产于我区的永福县、临桂     

罗汉果叶的茶用价值研究(摘要)

罗汉果为广西桂北地区的传统特产，是葫芦科罗汉果属植物的成熟果实，广泛用于医药、饮料和调味品中。前人已经对罗汉果的果实中的甜甙、多糖、黄酮及块根中淀粉、药用成份等进行了较多的研究。目前无人对罗汉果叶进行研究与利用，每年有大量罗汉果叶废弃。本文针对罗汉果叶进行了化学成份定性分析及氨基酸、茶多酚、黄酮定量分析，结果表明罗汉果叶含有氨基酸5．86％、茶多酚1．61％、黄酮化合物1．62％，具有较高的茶用价值。