N,N-二甲基脱氢枞基氧化叔胺的制备及其性能

利用纯度99%的脱氢枞胺原料经烷基化和氧化两步反应合成了一种含松香基三元菲环结构的N,N-二甲基脱氢枞基氧化叔胺。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁(1H NMR)对其结构进行表征,并通过L16(45)正交试验,对双氧水氧化法合成氧化叔胺的工艺条件进行了优化研究,制备反应的最佳工艺条件:双氧水与叔胺的物质的量比为1.5∶1,反应时间12 h,催化剂用量1.5%,反应温度80℃。在优化的工艺条件下重复试验,氧化叔胺的产率为80%,GC含量均大于70%。产物的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为0.2 g/L,表面张力为22.75 mN/m,并且经此氧化叔胺改性得到的新型沸石吸附剂对一定浓度的腐殖酸、刚果红等环境污染物具有较佳的吸附效果,当初始质量浓度达到40 mg/L左右时吸附基本达到平衡,去除率分别为51.1%和91.0%。     

一种果实拍振复合采收技术装置设计与试验

首先提出一种利用曲柄摇杆和曲柄滑块机构相结合的拍振方法,可解决干果、浆果的高效低损收获问题。为获取最佳拍振作业参数,将拍振机构两组曲柄设定同频率动力输入和急回特性,以摇杆最大转角30°和滑块最大行程8 cm为约束条件,构建拍振轨迹和速度模型。设定曲柄输入转速180 r/min,分别对拍打、摇杆振动和拍振复合运动的最大输出速度进行仿真。试验表明,拍振复合采摘蓝莓的效果明显优于其他两种采收方式,最佳脱果输入转速在120～160 r/min之间,卡爪末端最大输出速度为168～294 cm/s,操作时间为4 s,脱果率大于80%,采用拍振法采收蓝莓、红枣等特经果类作物效果显著,对研究干果、浆果等的高效低耗采收具有一定的指导意义。     

南瓜和冬瓜的储藏技术

<正>1贮藏方式1.1室内贮藏:是选择阴凉、通风、干燥的房间,把选好的瓜直接堆放在房间里。贮前用高锰酸钾或福尔马林进行消毒处理,然后在堆放的地面上铺一层麦秸,再在上面摆放瓜果。瓜果摆放时一般要求和田间生长时的状态相同,原来是卧地生长的要平放,原来是搭棚直立生长的要瓜蒂向上直立放。冬瓜可采用两个一叠"品字"形堆放,这样压力小、通风好、瓜垛稳固。直立生长的瓜柄     

我国滑翔伞运动损伤状况及其影响因素的流行病学调查*

采用问卷调查、数理统计、文献资料等方法对我国滑翔伞运动损伤的情况及原因进分析。结果表明,由于滑翔伞运动本身的特点及此项运动在我国开展逐年广泛,损伤率较高,达到75%。其影响因素主要有参与者技术不够娴熟、场地因素和天气因素三方面。并根据调查结果提出预防措施。     

芜市利用Fenton高级氧化法处理焦化废水

通过现有A2/O工艺对我厂焦化废水进行处理后,出水COD不能达到国家排放标准,需进行深度处理。通过对比试验验证利用Fenton氧化法处理高浓度焦化废水进行预处理可以降低原水COD,对出水深度氧化处理后COD降到200mg/L以下,达到国家排放标准。     

橄榄油在烹饪中的合理应用研究

指出了橄榄油的作用及营养价值，阐述了橄榄油的分类，从科学宣传、理论研究等方面对当前橄榄油市场提出了几点建议，以期提供参考。     

Study on Liver-protective Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound Probiotics on Acute Liver Injury Layers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the liver-protective effect of Chinese herbal compound probiotics (CHCP) on acute liver injury layers.One hundred and eight 1 day old hens were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 layers per replicate in trial 1.The layers in model groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ were gavaged with 10% (V/V) soybean oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (SCCl₄) according to 1,2 and 4 mL/(kg·BW) at 14,28 and 35 d,respectively.The layers in control group were gavaged with 2 mL/(kg·BW) soybean oil.In trial 2,sixty 1 d layers were divided into 5 groups:Control group (soybean oil),model control group(SCCl₄)and low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose CHCP group (SCCl₄+1‰ CHCP,SCCl₄+2‰ CHCP and SCCl₄+4‰ CHCP respectively).CHCP were used by drinking water since 7 days.SCCl₄ were gavaged according to 2 mL/(kg·BW) at 14 and 28 d.The results showed as follows:The model of layers liver damage could be built by intragastric administration of 2 mL/(kg·BW) 10%(V/V) SCCl₄ at 14,28 d respectively,with the signs of hepatic steatosis,severe vacuolar degeneration,nuclear condensation and necrosis.Compared to the model control group,the serum AST levels in low,medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 4.35% (P > 0.05),7.57% (P > 0.05) and 9.79% (P < 0.05),the serum ALT levels in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 34.92% (P < 0.01),36.51% (P < 0.01),the serum total bilirubin content in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 25.49% (P < 0.01),27.45% (P < 0.01).The liver cell congestion was reduced to varying degrees in different dose CHCP groups,and the liver cell had no vacuoles,arranged in neat rows,abundant cytoplasm and uniform in different dose CHCP groups.In conclusion,2‰,4‰ CHCP could reduce hepatocyte necrosis,decrease the serum activities of ALT,AST and total bilirubin levels,and had protective effect on hepatic injury induced by SCCl₄.     

中医治疗牛口疮

口疮又称烂口、口炎,以口腔粘膜出现溃烂、红肿及口内流涎为特征。多发生于夏秋季节。现代兽医学中的口膜炎属此范畴。1病因病理气候炎热,劳役过重,饲喂热料,热邪郁遏于脾。脾开口于舌,脾热则生痰,痰热互结循经上炎于口;又脾胃为表里,胃热蒸于口而发疮;诸经实热皆应于心,心火上炎则口舌生疮。此外,脾又为后天之本,脾气虚,气血化生无源,口失濡养,或肾虚不能制阳,则虚火上炎亦可成疮。机械性损伤,如草料的芒剌、尖锐硬物以及疫毒感染等,也是引起本病的重要原因。     

硝铵化肥生产发展浅析

<正>硝酸铵,别名硝铵,分子式NH4NO3,含氮34%~35%,仅次于液氨和尿素。硝铵中的铵态氮和硝态氮各占一半,且不易挥发损失,能被农作物所吸收,在土壤中没有残留,是一种性能良好的中性氮肥,约占我国氮肥总量的3.5%,已成为我国不可缺少的氮肥品种。硝铵适用于气温较低地区的旱田作物,比硫酸铵和尿素等铵态氮肥肥效快、效果好,在欧洲和北美等地使用较普遍,中国北方也常使用。一、生产工艺