The contribution of root respiration of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus koraiensis</Emphasis> seedlings to total soil respiration under elevated CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> concentrations

The impacts of elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations (500 μmol·mol⁻¹ and 700 μmol·mol⁻¹) on total soil respiration and the contribution of root respiration ofPinus koraiensis seedlings were investigated from May to October in 2003 at the Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin Province, China. After four growing seasons in top-open chambers exposed to elevated CO₂, the total soil respiration and roots respiration ofPinus koraiensis seedlings were measured by a Li-6400-09 soil CO₂ flux chamber. Three PVC cylinders in each chamber were inserted about 30 cm into the soil instantaneously to terminate the supply of current photosynthates from the tree canopy to roots for separating the root respiration from total soil respiration. Soil respirations both inside and outside of the cylinders were measured on June 16, August 20 and October 8, respectively. The results indicated that: there was a marked diurnal change in air temperature and soil temperature at depth of 5 cm on June 16, the maximum of soil temperature at depth of 5 cm lagged behind that of air temperature, no differences in temperature between treatments were found (P>0.05). The total soil respiration and soil respiration with roots severed showed strong diurnal and seasonal patterns. There was marked difference in total soil respiration and soil respiration with roots severed between treatments (P<0.01); Mean total soil respiration and contribution of root under different treatments were 3.26, 4.78 and 1.47 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹, 11.5%, 43.1% and 27.9% on June 16, August 20 and October 8, respectively. Foundation item: This study was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX1-SW-01) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30070158). Biography: LIU Ying (1976-), female, Ph. D. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China. Responsible editor: Song Funan     

昆明市西山区苹果的开花生物学特性与果实品质

对昆明市西山区大河果园主要苹果品种的开花生物学与果实品质进行调查研究,结果表明:花芽能顺利完成分化,乔纳金花芽分化要比红富士早,红富士的花芽坏死率为6.3%;各品种花期不一致,持续时间较长,约为20 d;各品种的果个不大,金冠果形指数为0.91~0.94、红富士为0.83~0.84;金冠苹果7月底时其成熟度和糖酸比都较低,应适当推迟采收期,红富士品种的成熟度和糖酸比在9月底达到较好的水平,可根据需要适时采收。     

一种基于变型B-树的中文自动分词词典机制

中文自动分词技术是许多中文智能领域尤其是中文信息的数据净化和数据挖掘的基础技术,而分词词典又是影响到中文自动分词的重要因素.本文针对中文地址数据净化和挖掘的具体需要提出了一种新的词典机制,即基于首字HASH,逐字二分和变型B-树的词典,从而明显提高了对短词的处理速度.     

土壤呼吸影响因素研究进展

随着二氧化碳浓度的升高,全球变暖问题受到越来越多的关注。土壤是陆地生态系统最大的碳源,也是最大的碳汇。研究土壤呼吸作用对预测大气二氧化碳浓度变化,控制气候变暖,具有重要的意义。文章对土壤呼吸作用及其影响因素作了简要分析,为以后土壤呼吸方面的研究提供参考。     

光皮树果实生长发育规律研究

对光皮树果实纵径、横径进行定期田间测定,同时对果实鲜重和干重进行定期测定,绘制生长曲线,结果表明光皮树果实生长发育过程可分为3个时期：幼果缓慢生长期,果实缓慢生长期,果实熟前迅速生长期。果实含水率一直在下降,而含油率则一直在增长,达到最大合油率34．23％后趋于稳定。     

麻竹山地笋用林笋期叶片光合及呼吸性状研究

Through analyzing the various position leaves character of 3 ages bamboo, including net photosyntheticrate, light respiratory rate, dark respiratory rate, CO2 compensation point and light compensation point, in five-years - old forest during different growing shoot stages in stated - own forestry farm of Nanjin, results showed thatleaves had vigorous physiological function during prosperity stage of growing shoot. Net photosynthetic rate was high-er, light respiratory rate, dark respiratory rate, CO2 compensation point and light compensation point were lower,the photosynthetic coefficients was larger.2- year bamboo and 3 - year bamboo had stronger photosynthetic ability. Different photosynthetic and respiratory indexes of various position leaves were not consistent, but in generally, mid-dle leaf had stronger assimilation ability.     

果树花粉直感研究进展

论述了果树生产中普遍存在的花粉直感现象及其对果实内的品质、外观品质（果形、果色等）及其他性状的影响。阐述了花粉直感现象产生的机理，提出了有效地利用花粉直感现象的途径，同时探讨了花粉直感研究的发展方向。     

冷害桃果实品质劣变及其控制措施

概述了在贮藏期间,桃果实受到冷害后其色泽、质地和风味等品质劣变机理及控制冷害的措施。桃果实的低温褐变主要是酶促褐变,但对不同的品种来说,决定褐变的主导因子则不尽相同。在产生絮败的果实中,果胶物质发生了代谢异常,不溶性果胶明显增加,果胶质代谢异常与PE和PG的活性变化密切相关。桃果实的糖分主要是蔗糖,当冷害出现时桃果实中蔗糖含量迅速下降,可滴定酸含量在贮藏期间也显著下降。目前已从桃果实中分离到近百种芳香成分,冷害桃果实的重要表现之一是原有桃香气变淡或丧失,甚至产生异味。品种与采收成熟度、采前或采后的化学处理、低温锻炼、热调处理和气调均能够不同程度地减轻桃果实的冷害。     

葡萄根瘤蚜的监测与防控

葡萄根瘤蚜是全国植物检疫性有害生物和进境植物检疫性有害生物,可造成葡萄根的腐烂和叶的枯萎,果实品质下降,甚至植株死亡,严重危害葡萄生产。     

毛竹林土壤呼吸研究进展

介绍和分析了毛竹(Phyllostachys heterocycla cv.pubescens)林土壤呼吸的研究方法、影响因子、时空变化、干扰响应、组分区分、模型构建等方面取得的研究成果,提出了今后毛竹林土壤呼吸研究应该加强:①土壤温度对毛竹林土壤呼吸影响机制研究;②对毛竹林土壤呼吸的时空变化进行长期的定位研究;③继续优化数学模型;④采用更多样化的方法来研究土壤呼吸各组分.