The mechanisms of pathophysiological vasodilation or vascular hyporesponse

In some pathophysiological processes such as severe shock, the patients and animal experimental models fail to respond to pressor medicine. Vascular hyporesponse or vasodilation is one of the key problems in treatment of these patents. Although considerable progress had been made in recent years, the precise mechanisms of vascular contractile hyporeactivity have not been completely elucidated. A number of studies indicate that vascular hyporesponse or vasodilation correlate with many factors. In this review, the possible mechanisms about vascular hyporesponse or vasodilation during shock and other pathphysiolgoical processes were discussed.     

Inhibition of K562 cell growth by antisense drug targeting with VEGF mRNA in vitro

AIM: To investigate inhibition of K562 cell growth by antisense drug targeted VEGF mRNA. METHODS: X7, 20-mer antisense sequences were selected, synthesized and modified with phosphorothioate. The drug was transfected into K562 cells in the present of lipofection. Cell growth was assayed by trypan blue dye exclusion assay and MTT. The level of VEGF protein in the media was determined by ELISA. The morphology of apoptotic cells were observed by Giemsa staining, and the propotion of apoptotic cells was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The antisense drug inhibited growth of K562 and downregulated expression of VEGF protein significantly, compared with Scrambed control group and showed dose-dependent relation. Signs of apoptosis of K562 cells were not observed. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of K562 cell proliferation, but not cells apoptosis induction is the mechanism of inhibing growth of K562 cells by antisense drug targeted VEGF mRNA. At same time, VEGF has function of promoting K562 cell proliferation, and VEGF mRNA may be a new target attached by drugs.     

Effect of propolis water extract on apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro

AIM: To explore the effect of water extract propolis (WEP) from Taishan on apoptosis of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced in vitro by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). METHODS: HUVECs were collect by digestion-perfusion and cultivated. TNF-α at concentration of 50 μg/L was administrated to induce the apoptosis of HUVECs. After injury, HUVECs were treated with WEP at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/L, respectively, for 24 h. Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: Apoptosis index in injured group was significantly higher than that in control group, and decreased significantly after treating with WEP at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/L, respectively (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: WEP may be useful for protection of vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting apoptosis.     

Effects of taurine-zinc on learning and memory abilities of vascular dementia mice

AIM:To observe the effects of taurine-zinc (TZC) on the learning and memory abilities of vascular dementia (VD) mice and to investigate the related mechanism. METHODS:The mice were randomly divided into model group, sham group, and TZC at 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups. The mice in drug groups were given TZC by gavage at 10 mL/kg once daily. The mice in sham group and model group were given equal volume of distilled water. VD mice were established by intercepting both common carotid arteries and bleeding at caudal vein after 14 d of gavage. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were detected by ELISA. The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured via spectrophotometer. Step-down test and Morris water maze test were used to examine the abilities of learning and memory in the mice. RESULTS:TZC at 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and NO in the brain tissues. In the water maze test, TZC at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg significantly decreased the error times and latency compared with model group. In the step-down test, the escape latency was prolonged and error times were lowered significantly by treatment with TZC at 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg as compared with model group. CONCLUSION:TZC improves the abilities of learning and memory, which might be related to the reduction of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and NO levels in VD mice.     

Role of vascular remolding induced by nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinase in aneurysm

Nitric oxide (NO) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important in vascular remolding, especially in abdominal aortic aneurysm. NO may be associated with aneurysms by modulating MMPs expression and activity.     

喜树碱对番茄灰霉病菌的病理反应

以番茄灰霉病菌为供试菌种,采用电导率法、吸光度法和电镜分析法对经过喜树碱（CPT）处理的番茄灰霉病菌进行病理反应研究。试验结果表明经200 mg/L CPT溶液处理后,番茄灰霉病菌菌丝细胞膜的通透性增加了30.7%,细胞外蛋白质浓度提高了13.5%。番茄灰霉病菌经CPT溶液处理后,还原糖和可溶性蛋白的含量随着处理时间的增长先升高后降低最后趋于平缓,在0～1 h之间增长最快。CPT处理后的番茄灰霉病菌的菌丝畸形,出现膨大或缢缩,菌丝生长点缢缩,细胞中的空腔增多,线粒体增多且线粒体嵴变得模糊,细胞核有降解的现象。     

干旱胁迫对地被菊膜脂过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响

为研究地被菊的抗旱能力,用盆栽控制浇水模拟干旱的方法,研究不同程度干旱胁迫下地被菊膜脂过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明:在轻度干旱胁迫下地被菊质膜透性和丙二醛含量变化不显著,随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,地被菊叶片质膜透性、丙二醛含量升高,抗氧化酶SOD、CAT活性在轻度和中度干旱胁迫下显著升高,在重度干旱条件下下降。POD活性呈现一直上升的趋势,表明地被菊有较高的抗干旱能力。     

Persistent Hematuria as a Result of Chronic Renal Hypertension Secondary to Nephritis in a Stallion

A 13-year-old Lusitano stallion was referred to our institution with a history of severe hematuria for 8.5 months. The origin of the hematuria was determined to be the left kidney. The diagnostic workup failed to identify obstructive, infectious, or neoplastic conditions. The history and ultrasonographic examination suggested a chronic condition. The stallion was subjected to left nephrectomy because of the persistent hematuria and anemia. A histopathological examination detected lesions, which were compatible with chronic nephritis and vascular renal hypertension. It is hypothesized that changes in the normal parenchymal architecture produced a vascular aberration that led to renal hypertension, with subsequent blood extravasation and hematuria. The horse recovered completely after nephrectomy.