水稻籽粒直链淀粉及蛋白质含量对孕穗期弱光胁迫的响应

以2个不同直链淀粉含量的水稻品种为材料，研究了孕穗期遮光（遮光率50％）对水稻籽粒直链淀粉及蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明，遮光与对照的籽粒直链淀粉的积累过程均可以用二次曲线回归方程模拟，因此其积累过程可以大体分为2个阶段，即快速增长阶段，变化相对平稳阶段；遮光的籽粒直链淀粉和蛋白质含量变化速率具有波动性，即时而高于对照，时而低于对照；遮光对2个品种籽粒直链淀粉及蛋白质含量的影响完全相反；成熟籽粒直链淀粉与蛋白质含量呈负相关性，相关系数r=-0．81786，表明孕穗期遮光可能会对稻米的食味品质产生不利影响。     

春谷幼穗发育阶段与叶龄指数关系的研究

经三年观察研究,十个不同熟性春谷品种的幼穗发育开始时间是随着它们生育日数长短而变化,并与拔节始期有着密切的关系.同时,春谷不同熟性品种的叶龄指数又与幼穗发育阶段呈回归直线关系.因此,春谷不同熟性品种利用其叶龄指数,求出适宜的系数,再代入改进的直线回归关系式,即可以较准确地判断出谷子的幼穗发育阶段.     

籼型杂交稻幼穗离体培养及再生植株诱导

籼型杂交稻组合“汕优23选”为新的具高培养力的材料,其幼穗愈伤组织诱导率约为80%,绿苗得率高达970.8%。幼穗离体培养选材以穗长2cm 以下(幼穗分化第3～4期)为宜。MN 和 N_6两种培养基适用于籼型杂交稻的幼穗离体培养,以 MN(诱导)→N_6(继代)→MN(分化)的培养基替换方式,对愈伤组织的继代培养和绿苗分化具有良好效果。采用KT 2mg/L+BA 1mg/L+IAA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L 的激素配比,有效地提高了绿苗分化率。通过幼穗离体培养,可迅速和大量地获得再生植株,这对开展水稻组培育种和体细胞遗传学研究具有一定意义。     

将乐县杉木良种造林的幼林生长分析

对福建省将乐县杉木良种造林的幼林生长情况进行调查分析,结果表明:杉木幼林林分6年生时平均树高可达3.11m,树高年平均生长量为0.51 m;4年生林分平均树高、胸径、单株材积分别为2.89 m、3.3 cm、0.00241129 m3。杉木幼林阶段生长较快,具有生产潜力及广谱性,可在将乐县各地推广应用。     

油茶幼林土壤养分限制因子的研究

利用土壤养分状况系统研究法，对江西宜春油茶幼林土壤进行了养分限制因子的研究。结果表明：宜春油茶幼林土壤养分限制因子为N、P、Ca，盆栽不施N、P、Ca作物分别减产63．97％、61．32％和19．08％。     

The influence of fruit abundance on the use of forest and cultivated field habitats by the endemic Madeira laurel pigeon Columba trocaz: Implications for conservation

This study was conducted over a two year period in the north west of Madeira Island (Macaronesian Atlantic Islands, Portugal). It investigates the relationship between fruiting patterns in the indigenous forest and the use by the Madeira laurel pigeon of forest habitats and cultivated areas. Habitat use observations were carried out using line-transects in forest sites where the availability of fruit (the most important element of the diet) was assessed. The use of agricultural fields was measured indirectly by the assessment of the damage caused to crops. The findings provided strong evidence that bird movements and shifts in abundance are related to fruit usage and availability. The use of fruits is mostly opportunistic but when many species are available, selection was observed. From an ecological perspective, our findings indirectly confirm a high concordance between pigeon diet, studied by microhistological techniques, and habitat use. The use of crops also seems to be mostly opportunistic and is governed by the birds’ movements within the adjacent forest. It is hypothesised that fruit phenology will influence the use of agricultural areas only to the extent that it governs such movements; there is no strong evidence that crops are attacked only when the availability of natural foods is low. Our results suggest that the current management strategy for the forest is adequate for the conservation of this pigeon but that the conservation value of forest edges should be redefined. It is also proposed that crop damage may be reduced by identifying the proximate factors, which lead to the use of specific fields.     

Gaps in the protected area network for threatened Afrotropical birds

Protected areas established for wildlife conservation (IUCN category I-VI protected areas) or for forest and watershed conservation (forest reserves) across mainland sub-Saharan Africa have high biodiversity values. However, they fail to cover over half of the 106 threatened bird species, and thus leave these vulnerable to extinction. An analysis of Red List bird species that are not represented in existing reserves indicates gaps in the current network of protected areas, namely: Mt. Cameroon-Bamenda highlands (Cameroon), the Angolan scarp (Angola), the Drakensberg Highlands (South Africa), the Highveld (South Africa), the Eastern Arc Mountains (Tanzania), the eastern African coastal forest mosaic (Kenya and Tanzania), the Albertine Rift (Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo and western Tanzania), and the Ethiopian Highlands. The addition of Forest Reserves to the existing protected areas closes some of the reservation gaps for threatened birds in Africa. We suggest that these Forest Reserves should be included within official lists of protected areas, and that National forestry authorities be encouraged to manage these areas. Publication of scientific articles showing the conservation value of Forest Reserves is needed to raise local and international support and funding.     

天山云杉人工幼林抚育间伐的研究

本文分析了天山云杉人工幼林间伐对小气候、林木胸径与树高的生长，以及单株材积和林分蓄积量的影响；并研究了云杉林木幼林阶段的生长过程和林木按径阶的株数分布规律及间伐效果；探讨了天山云杉林幼林期的间伐方法、间伐强度，间伐开始期、间隔期等间伐技术要素，为天山林区天山云杉人工林适时地进行抚育间伐提供了科学依据。     

森林生物量与遥感信息的相关性

利用遥感数据研究森林的生物量,建立遥感信息模型,首先要分析各波段与生物量的相关性.通过建立甘肃省小陇山党川林场中幼林典型样地,并伐树称量,建立模型计算出样地的生物量.对试验区的TM影像进行校正,对应每块样地中心点的GPS测量坐标,获取了样地像元各波段的灰度值,并计算各种植被指数.利用MATLAB软件计算了样地生物量与遥感影像各波段的灰度值、各种植被指数的相关系数.在P<0.05水平上,生物量与TM1、TM2、TM3、TM6成显著的负相关.与归一化植被指数、比值植被指数和绿度成显著的正相关.建立遥感生物量模型应用这些呈显著正、负相关的波段和派生数据.采用逐步回归的方法建立了生物量与植被指数的统计方程,以及生物量与遥感TM影像的各波段灰度值、植被指数的统计方程.但在P<0.05水平上,只有NDVI、RVI两个因子复相关系数不高.     

红富士苹果幼树越冬抽条的生理学研究

本试验以一年生红富士、新红星两苹果品种为试材,采用对比试验法研究了红富士苹果幼树越冬期生理特性及其与抽条的关系。结果表明,苹果幼树枝条越冬期有一个缓慢失水过程,越冬期根系吸水、枝条保水与失水不平衡会引起抽条。红富士幼树晚秋停止生长晚,枝条贮藏物质少,严冬期水解程度低、渗透调节物质含量少;枝条角质层结构松散、类脂物积累少,表皮蒸腾强度高。这是红富士幼树越冬期水分散失快、容易抽条的主要原因。