北美浆果树种在中国西部地区引种效果及应用前景

中国西部地区水资源贫乏，生态环境极其脆弱，适合生长的造林树种十分稀少，为此近10a来引进了许多北美生态经济型灌木类浆果树种，以满足生态环境恢复和建设的需要。引种试验结果表明，多数树种适合在中国西部地区栽培，发展前景十分广阔，应尽快大面积推广。同时也指出了易出现的问题、解决方法及发展建议。     

Early height development and species stratification across five climax series in the eastern Washington Cascade range

Reconstruction in twenty single-cohort stands across five climax series on the eastern slope of the Washington Cascade Range found a variety of species combinations and development patterns. Western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud) were found to be very competitive species that usually occupied a dominant position in stands in the Abies grandis, Abies lasiocarpa, and Tsuga mertensiana climax series. Interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Mirb.) Franco) was found in all five climax series and, although its height growth was less than that of western larch or the lodgepole pine, it was usually found in the upper stratum. These results suggest that site classification based on climax potential should be used cautiously when applied to young stand management decisions regarding seral species. For example, the difference between an Abies grandis, and a Tsuga mertensiana climax series is quite large in terms of potential productivity but in either case western larch, if present, will likely dominate these stands.     

吉林省西部复合农林业综合配套技术研究

通过对吉林省西部平原沙丘区地貌类型进行分类，提出了“容器覆土越冬法”等沙丘改造综合配套措施和5种复合农林业经营模式；筛选出适宜本省西部半干旱风沙区耐干旱耐瘠薄树种长白松、欧洲白榆、甘肃沙枣等6个品种，开展了生长发育、形态、生物量对干旱循环胁迫等适应性研究；应用地理信息系统解决了以县为单位的复合农林业系统分类、分区及调控技术，指出了前郭县复合农林业经营方向。     

试论西部地区生态科技产业的构建

文章根据西部地区的特点和生态建设的性质 ,提出创新产业机制 ,挖掘人才 ,以生物高科技为核心技术 ,充分应用现代农业技术 ,构建生态科技产业的途径。提高西部风蚀沙化地的利用水平 ,促进产业结构调整 ,加快区域特色经济的产业化进程 ,实现本地区可持续发展。     

辽宁西部半干旱地区油松和樟子松整地造林效果分析

通过分析油松和樟子松整地造林对土壤理化性质的影响及造林成活率的调查,对辽宁西部半干旱地区油松和樟子松整地造林效果进行了试验研究。结果表明:整地比对照提高造林成活率22.4~25.1个百分点,保存率提高18.0~19.5个百分点,整地造林效果显著;造林整地后土壤容重降低6.62%~12.58%,土壤孔隙度增加25.13%~32.89%,土壤全氮提高45.92%~61.60%,速效氮提高7.87%~38.05%,速效磷提高5.02%~36.33%,速效钾提高16.35%~46.22%,不同整地方式均能改善土壤的理化性质。     

中西方传统婚礼服饰文化相互借鉴之研究

随着中西方文化交流的日益加强,中西方传统的婚礼服饰文化在保留本国特色的同时也逐渐在相互借鉴.本文通过对中国的汉族传统婚礼服饰与西方国家婚礼服饰及文化背景进行对比研究,探讨中西方婚礼服饰文化相互借鉴对双方的影响.     

Biophysical dynamics of western transition zones: a preliminary synthesis

The nature of the western portions of the biogeographic temperate or transition zones in the North Pacific and North Atlantic is reviewed. The physical transport of nutrients and biomass into them from the Kuroshio and Gulf Stream as well as from the poleward sides are estimated. The conclusion is that the upwelling in the two western boundary currents makes the largest contribution to the nutrient and biomass fluxes into these transition zones. A conservative estimate of the amount of upwelled fluid is derived from absolute velocity sections in the Gulf Stream. The estimate suggests that upwelling into the euphotic zone exceeds 2 × 10⁶ m³ s^–1. This implies that upwelling in these western boundary currents matches or exceeds that in eastern boundary currents such as the California Current. The two western boundary regimes have very different poleward situations. The Oyashio extension flows parallel to the Kuroshio and is a deep current. The North Atlantic Shelf Front flow is to the west where it is ultimately entrained into the edge of the Gulf Stream. There does not seem to be any tendency for this to occur in the Kuroshio. Despite these differences in the northern and western boundaries, the two transition zones are similar with large amplitude meanders, anticyclonic rings and streamers dominating their physical structure. The physical features responsible for the transfer of materials from the boundary current extensions into the transition zones are similar in both systems. Ring formation contributes only ? 10% of the transfer, while ring‐induced streamers contribute 30%. The rest of the transport is contributed by branching of the boundary current front. Both currents have well developed secondary fronts consisting of subtropical surface water pulled into the transition zone. Biologically, the upwelling in both western boundary currents leads to a biomass maximum along the boundary in both secondary producers (copepods) and in small pelagic fish. In the Kuroshio, the latter are the Japanese sardine, Sardinops melanostictus, that spawn in the Kuroshio and then enter the transition zone for the summer and fall months. In the Gulf Stream, the dominate species are menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus and B. smithi. These species make use of the coastal environments of North America and although the adults spawn in the Gulf Stream, they are not thought to play a major role in the Slope Water, transition zone. The similar differences in the use of the Kuroshio and the Gulf Stream ecosystems occurs in the behaviour of bluefin tuna, squid and other large pelagics. The Gulf Stream system also lacks an equivalent to Pacific saury, Cololabis saira. The biology therefore is at least subtly different, with saury and sardines being replaced by mid‐water fish in the North Atlantic. A fuller comparison of the biology with quantitative methods in both systems should be encouraged.     

Spillover effects of a Mediterranean marine protected area on the European spiny lobster Palinurus elephas (Fabricius, 1787) resource

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