动物科学和动物医学专业复合应用型人才培养体系的构建、创新与实践

在动物科学和动物医学专业的教学改革中,以培养学生的实践能力、创新精神和适应社会需求为目标,通过专业课程整合、教学方法改革以及校内外实践实习基地建设等, 实现复合应用型专业技术人才培养体系的构建、创新与实践, 有效地提高2个专业的人才培养质量,得到社会各界的广泛认可。     

Personal and family backgrounds of first-year veterinary science students at The University of Queensland

Objective To provide information on changes in the social and educational backgrounds of veterinary students over a 10 year period in an effort to determine the extent to which they are representative of the community.
Methods Questionnaires were completed by first-year veterinary students at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986 (152 students), and 1995 and 1996 (154), and the data were analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results The gender ratio of first-year veterinary students was 50:50 (male:female) in 1985 and 1986 but 10 years later it had changed to 38:62. In 1985 and 1986 77% had come directly from school, with 43% of the total coming from government schools, 17% from Catholic schools and 34% from other private (Independent) schools. A decade later the percentage coming directly from school had decreased to 40%, that from Independent schools increased to 45% and that from cities increased from 53% to 64%. The educational backgrounds of parents varied widely though a high percentage had university degrees; mothers had received less formal education than fathers, and the educational attainments of both parents were higher at the beginning than at the end of the study. More than half (57% initially; 67% 10 years later) the fathers were in professional or managerial occupations, and a similar number (50% initially; 48% 10 years later) of mothers were teachers, nurses or clerks. The number of males from country areas decreased from 26 to 16 over this period.
Conclusion These veterinary students differed from the community generally in that progressively more were female, more were from Independent schools, their parents had more formal education and more of their parents were in professional, managerial or clerical occupations.     

Cephalosporins – pharmacological basis of clinical use in veterinary dermatology

Cephalosporins form a large group of β-lactam antibiotics which are used extensively in human medicine and to a lesser extent in domestic animals. In veterinary dermatology, the principle use for the cephalosporins is the clinical management of canine pyoderma associated with Staphylococcus intermedius . In practice, the use of orally administered first generation cephalosporin drugs to affected dogs is well tolerated and highly efficacious. Bacterial drug resistance appears to occur rarely.     

Epidemiological Cut-off Values (ECOFFs) of Salmonella from Chicken Intestinal Tract for Three Animal-specific Antibiotics

In order to establish epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFFs) of Salmonella for three animal-specific antibiotics (florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin) in Guangdong province.A total of 166 strains of Salmonella isolates from chicken intestinal tract from veterinary clinics and farms in Guangdong province in 2017 were recruited in this study,the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin were determined in triplicate for each bacterial strain using the agar dilution method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates according to the CLSI reference method (CLSI-M100-S26).ECOFFs were calculated for the MIC data sets by application of nonlinear regression analysis,NRI(normalized resistance interpretation) and ECOFFinder software.MIC distribution of florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin against Salmonella from 2 to >512,4 to >512 and 0.015 to 64 μg/mL,respectively.MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ for apramycin,florfenicol and danofloxacin were 256 and >512,16 and >512,0.5 and 16 μg/mL,respectively.MIC distribution of apramycin and florfenicol presented obvious unimodal shape,while that of danofloxacin was a discontinuous multi-peak.The ECOFFs of florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin were recommended to be 16,16 and 0.125 μg/mL,respectively.In present study,the ECOFFs of Salmonella from chicken intestinal tract for apramycin,florfenicol and danofloxacin were determined,which provided scientific basis for resistance surveillance.     

IRIDIUM-192: A LITERATURE REVIEW FOR FURTHER REFERENCING THE ISOTOPE, ITS ACTIVITY UNITS, AND DOSIMETRY TECHNIQUES

The individual embarking on an iridium-192 brachytherapy program is faced with an abundance of concepts, terms and dosimetry techniques. This article introduces the beginning brachytherapist to the basic physical parameters of iridium-192, to the potential units for source strength and to the general concepts of the various dosimetry techniques. Multiple literature references are listed for more in-depth study.     

ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE CANINE, FELINE AND EQUINE TONGUE: NORMAL FINDINGS AND CASE HISTORY REPORTS

A submental approach using a 5, 7.5 and 10 MHz mechanical sectorial transducers was used to evaluate the ultrasonographic appearance of the normal and abnormal canine, feline and equine tongue. Seven normal animals were used to characterize the in vivo normal ultrasonographic appearance of the oropharynx. Consistently seen anatomical landmarks included the lingual parenchyma, lingual artery, soft and hard palate interfaces, mandible, basihyoid bone and sublingual musculature. Seven fresh canine, feline and equine cadavers were dissected to confirm the ultrasonographic findings. Seven animals with signs of ptyalism, dysphagia, halitosis and visible lingual lesions were also studied. A foreign body and abscesses secondary to a penetrating wound were detected in a horse. Ultrasound guidance aided surgical dissection, removal of the foreign body and intraoperative drainage of the abscesses. Ultrasound provided valuable non-invasive documentation of the architecture, size and margins of six lingual neoplasms. Ultrasonographic monitoring of the response to the treatment of lingual lesions may be beneficial in the management of patients.     

HEMOPOIETIC RESPONSES OF THE CAT TO TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION FOLLOWED BY CHEMOTHERAPY

Cats with lymphosarcoma are affected with rapidly progressive, fatal neoplasia of hemopoietic tissues. The very aggressive nature of this type of neoplasia requires intense therapy, which in most instances is only palliative. A combination of total body irradiation and cytotoxic chemotherapy in four normal cats was followed by similar patterns of leukopenia and throm-bocytopenia in all cats. The radiation protocol and the complications of the transient throm-bocytopenia and leukopenia are discussed and compared with reports of similar efforts in human medicine. The responses from these normal cats were quite similar to those seen in humans undergoing similar therapy. The cat may be considered as a possible model for further radiotherapy research.     

Permanent transvenous cardiac pacing

Transvenous cardiac pacing is a commonly employed treatment for symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in dogs. Medical management of these conditions has not proven to be successful leaving pacing as the only viable alternative. The technique of pacemaker implantation is not difficult, but successful pacemaker therapy requires an understanding of electrophysiology, cardiac fluoroscopic anatomy, pacemaker instrumentation, and programming. Proper patient selection and identification of the underlying rhythm disturbance is essential to a successful clinical outcome. This article discusses the indications, equipment, techniques, complications, and outcome of permanent transvenous cardiac pacing.