北京市官方兽医人力资源管理体系研究

应用人力资源管理理论,从北京市现行的官方兽医管理工作的体制机制、方法目标、决策决议等方面出发,结合首都官方兽医及签约兽医的工作现状和北京市兽医整体状况、动物医疗医药水平、动物卫生保障制度、相关法律法规及国内外兽医工作的发展程度等方面,分析北京市官方兽医管理工作的现状,提出人力资源管理的建议。     

兽医服务在食品安全中的作用

针对兽医服务的职能,结合兽医服务在食品安全中的作用,对兽医从传统到现在的职能转变作一综述。     

“虚拟仿真”背景下畜牧兽医研究生实践教学改革探索研究

研究生教育位于国民教育体系的顶端，是国家高等教育发展水平的重要标志。为培养 既具有责任担当精神，又具有宽厚的专业知识和创新能力，还具有较高的英语水平和较强的计算机网络应用能力的高层次畜牧兽医人才，本研究对我校畜牧兽医专业研究生的培养现状进行了分析总结，提出了基于“虚拟仿真”背景下人才培养的新模式，总结了虚拟仿真研究生科研平台建设的优势和使用效果，为其它专业研究生的培养提出参考。     

南通市通州区兽医服务体系现状及对策

通过对南通市通州区兽医服务体系建设现状进行调查,分析其存在的问题,并提出相应的对策,以期促进兽医服务体系建设。     

Farm and Personal Characteristics of the Clientele of a Community-based Animal Health Service Programme in Northern Malawi

The social background, farm characteristics, indicators of income and self-evaluation returns of 96 randomly selected users of a Basic Animal Health Service (BAHS) programme in northern Malawi were compared with those of 96 matched past-users and 96 non-users, respectively. All 288 farms were visited between July and October 1997. Data analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate techniques. The results showed that, on average, BAHS users had larger cattle herds (16.3) than part-users (14.7) or non-users (12.4). Similarly, the annual yields of crops were higher for users compared to either of the other groups. Users occupied better houses and owned a larger number of farm and household items than did part-users or non-users. A third of all farmers were engaged in additional income generation to lessen the risk of poverty. However, analysis of the livestock management and the educational background of the farmers suggested that usage of the BAHS programme was not only determined by already existing `wealth'. Improved livestock husbandry and management measures, which do not require capital investment, were more frequently applied by users compared to either of the other groups. Non-users and part-users had attained a lower level of education, were less open towards improved farming methods and felt less knowledgeable than BAHS users. The average straight-line distances from farms using BAHS to their respective village animal health worker (2.2 km) or veterinary assistant (2.9 km) were similar but varied according to ecological zone. Intensified extension and awareness meetings in villages will be required to get more non-users involved in BAHS.     

苦马豆素人工抗原免疫山羊的安全性试验

试验通过分析疯草毒素人工抗原(疫苗)SW BSA免疫山羊时对机体肝功、肾功的影响,进行安全性评价。将30只羊随机分为对照组(6只)、免疫A组(12只)、免疫B组(12只),免疫组依次进行基础免疫、首免、加强免疫,每次免疫前进行采血,分析血清中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、尿素氮(BUN)、α苷露糖苷酶(AMA)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的变化,同时检测尿液中有无SW。结果表明,免疫组与对照组的血清GPT、GOT、BUN、AMA、AKP、LDH差异均不显著(P>0.05),尿液中未检查出SW。     

山丹马6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶及葡萄糖磷酸异构酶的多态性研究

用淀粉凝胶电泳及琼脂覆盖技术对山丹马的血液红细胞6磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶和葡萄糖磷酸异构酶的电泳变异进行了测定。在6磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶座位发现了3种表现型,即FF,FD和FS,其频率分别为0.958,0.021和0.021。在葡萄糖磷酸异构酶座位发现了两种表现型,即II和FI,其频率分别为0.771和0.229。等位基因频率直接通过表型计算出:PGDF为0.979,PGDD为0.0104,PGDS为0.0104;GPIF为0.1146,GPII为0.8854。亲子关系排除概率在6PGD和GPI座位点分别为0.1009和0.0912。两座位的个体识别概率分别为0.081和0.353。     

胸腺素α_1对墟岗黄鸡免疫器官组织学结构的影响

本试验研究了不同剂量的胸腺素α1(Tα1)对墟岗黄母鸡免疫器官指数和组织学结构的影响。结果表明:0.015mg/kg体重剂量的Tα1可显著提高鸡免疫器官指数,可使胸腺皮质增宽,髓质胸腺小体数和胸腺细胞数增加;脾脏胸腺依赖区和法氏囊依赖区细胞增殖;高剂量Tα1则引起法氏囊髓质局部细胞变性和坏死。     

胚胎干细胞向神经细胞定向诱导分化方法的研究进展

胚胎干细胞具有自我更新和多向分化潜能,有望成为治疗神经系统疾病重要的种子细胞来源。如何高效地诱导胚胎干细胞向特定神经细胞分化是目前研究的热点。本文就胚胎干细胞定向分化成神经细胞的3种方法:RA诱导法、谱系选择法和SDIA法及其移植研究做一综述。     

Costs of studying veterinary science: a national survey of fourth year veterinary students

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the costs to the student of veterinary education. METHOD: A questionnaire was completed by 180 fourth-year veterinary students from the four veterinary schools in Australia. Frequencies and median costs were estimated using the SAS System for Windows 95. RESULTS: The median direct living costs were about $5000 per academic year, but were higher in Sydney and for those with additional expenses including children, pets and cars. Other costs associated with the course including text books, equipment and travel to practical work were of the order of $1000, and income foregone while doing practical work placed additional burdens on some. More than half the students from Sydney and Murdoch needed to work to provide basic necessities. Most of this work involved interaction with animals or people. The percentage of Queensland and Melbourne students needing to work was lower, 47 and 24 respectively, and fewer of those worked directly with animals or people. The students expected to repay a median of $14,000 after they graduate, with 70% of this being due to the Australian government as part of the Higher Education Contribution Scheme. CONCLUSIONS: Although parents contributed an average of between one-third and one half of the costs of obtaining a veterinary degree, the extent of parental contributions was very uneven and almost one half of all students needed to work to provide basic necessities. The average total debt on graduation was about half the annual starting salary, but those starting the course from 1997 are subject to much higher charges, and their average debt is likely to exceed one year's salary.