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41.
采用Nit硝酸还原酶缺陷型突变体技术,共得到棉花黄萎病菌Nit突变体301个,其中A型155个,B型97个,C型29个。共检测到落叶型棉花黄萎病菌11株,除以前报道的6株外,发现了5个新菌株。针刺接种后,在棉株上均引起典型的落叶型症状。通过聚丙烯酰受凝胶电泳比较落叶型和非落叶型的8个代表菌株的蛋白质电泳图谱的差异,发现在浓度为7.5%的凝胶中,落叶型菌株有两条特异性的蛋白,其迁移率分别为Rf5=0.135,Rf9=0.405。用非落叶型菌株DF4、落叶型菌株SY12菌体的可溶性蛋白制备获得两个抗血清。用间接ELISA法检测,即能区分棉花黄萎病菌的立枯、枯萎、炭疽病菌,落叶型和非落叶型黄萎病菌均呈阳性反应,但落叶型黄萎病菌的OD值高于非落叶型黄萎病菌。 相似文献
42.
本研究用石蜡切片法,对小果菘兰的根,茎,叶进行观察。其特点:根的次生木质部导管大。它以周皮代替表皮。茎,叶表皮细胞都有较厚的外壁和角质层。茎的髓部具有很大型的薄壁细胞。叶的栅栏组织发达,二层细胞,二面叶,主脉有3个维管束,排列成三角状。 相似文献
43.
福建省香蕉枯萎病菌硝酸盐营养突变体的营养体亲和性测定 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Fourteen strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense were induced to produce 146 nitrate-nonutilizing(nit) mutants on a chlorate-containing medium. Among them, there were 117 nit1 mutants(80.14%), 17 nit3 mutants(11.64%) and 12 nitM mutants(8.22%). These strains were divided into two vegetative compatibility groups(VCGs) by the vegetative compatibility tests. Twelve strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense from Musa AAA belonged to VCG1, two trains from Musa ABB belonged to VCG2. 相似文献
44.
The literature on rootstock effects (on scions) in conifers was reviewed, specifically: graft success, compatibility, size, reproduction, phenology, crown and needle characters, mineral contents, organic compounds, water relations, disease resistance and wood properties. Scions usually had higher graft success and less incompatibility on more closely related rootstocks although there were exceptions. Even intergeneric grafts have succeeded on occasion. Although there were marked rootstock effects on growth and reproduction, the effects did not follow a pattern with increasing relationship. It is also likely that some crown characters and the nutrient content of scions can be manipulated by the use of rootstocks. For many characters, a specific rootstock may give a desired result only for a limited number of scion types (species, cultivars or clones). With some exceptions, the review shows that the subject has not been comprehensively studied. Many of the studies were either short-term, inadequately replicated, or poorly designed to allow firm conclusions about rootstock effects. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms, which cause the changes seen in morphology, are not well understood. Further research and more comprehensive study of rootstock effects on scion biology are recommended. 相似文献
45.
Stand structure and the regeneration ofChamaecyparis pisifera on sites with and without well-developed soil in an old-growth coniferous forest, Akasawa Forest Reserve, central Japan,
were investigated, along with their relationships to other important coniferous species. Of stems ofC. pisifera≥5 cm diameter at breast height, stems with intermediate size were absent in stands on the developed-soil site, while those
with smaller size increased in stands on the undeveloped-soil site, which supported a higher density ofC. pisifera. In the stands without recent tree-fall of canopy stems on the developed-soil site, canopy stems ofC. pisifera were distributed uniformly and the understory stems, patchily. On the other hand, both canopy and understory stems ofC. pisifera in stands on the undeveloped-soil site were distributed patchily. In the understory,C. pisifera occurred as clonal patches formed by vegetative reproduction on various types of microsites including bare rocks. However,
the clonal patches did not occur in a stand on the developed-soil site with dense saplings of an evergreen conifer,Thujopsis dolabrata, which can expand vegetatively with a well developed soil layer. Gap formation may induceC. pisifera to develop tree-form stems from shrubby clonal patches. On developed-soil sites,C. pisifera stands that survive a long disturbance-free period on this site need catastrophic disturbance for their regeneration, which
will eliminateT. dolabrata in the understory and create bare soil for colonization ofC. pisifera from seeds. On undeveloped-soil sites,C. pisifera replaces itself continuously by effective vegetative reproduction. Ground instability and the wet condition of this site
may promote the replacement. 相似文献
46.
Rooting of baldcypress cuttings 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
A test of the rooting performance and growth of cuttings from 1-year-old and 25-to 50-year old baldcypress (Taxodium distichum L.) branch tips is reported. Rooting of cuttings from one-year-old trees averaged 75% (0.1% IBA treatment) and 88% (control), cuttings from 25 to 50-year-old trees averaged 12% in both the IBA treatment and the control treatment. Indole-3-butyric acid at a 0.1% concentration did not enhance rooting, but resulted in a significant increase in shoot dry weight on cuttings from one-year-old trees. The results of this experiment suggest that cuttings from mature baldcypres trees have the potential to root, thereby, additional rooting techniques such as girdling and stump sprouts is worthy of pursuing. 相似文献
47.
48.
北海湿地保护区植被类型及其环境状况的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
腾冲北海湿地属“漂浮状苔草沼泽湿地”,植被类型丰富,物种多样性程度高。由于过度的农田开垦和森林砍伐,加之外来有害物种的不断侵入,湿地生境改变,导致生态系统功能降低、生物多样性流失严重。通过对北海湿地植被资源与环境的调查研究,分析了北海湿地保护区的植被类型、环境状况及其保护对策。 相似文献
49.
分析了两片杉木子代林伐桩和杉木无性系采穗圃萌条数量的遗传变异情况。结果表明:杉木子代林伐桩萌条数量在产地间、产地内家系间及组合间均存在极显著差异,并有中等以上遗传力;遗传变异系数在37%~39%之间;产地的遗传方差分量与产地内家系间的相近。伐桩萌条数量与基径粗度的关系随伐桩年龄的变化而表现不一;不同砍伐季节伐桩萌条数量也存在较大差异。杉木无性系采穗圃无性系间有效萌条数量存在极显著差异,无性系的萌芽能力有较高的重复力。 相似文献
50.
Stem cuttings of Eucalyptus globulus are used within tree improvement programs and for mass deployment. To be successful, cuttings must perform as well or better than seedlings. The root systems of cuttings are fundamentally different from those of seedlings. If these differences influence growth, the differences and their consequences must be identified and the propagation system manipulated to improve performance of the propagules.Cuttings are only a viable alternative to seedlings as planting stock if the method of propagation does not affect their growth and development adversely. Full-sibling cuttings and seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus were compared under controlled environmental conditions to minimise extraneous sources of variation, and to establish whether changes in growth or development were induced by propagation. On three occasions over a period of eight weeks root-collar diameter, shoot height, leaf and stem weight, shoot/root ratios and root system morphology were measured on cuttings and seedlings. Seedlings were taller than cuttings throughout the experiment, but both plant types had similar height growth rates. Diameter growth rates were lower in cuttings than seedlings, and there were differences in both height and diameter growth rates between families. Root system configuration differed between the plant types. Seedlings had strongly gravitropic tap-roots, with two types of primary roots from which secondary roots emerged. Cuttings had no tap roots, and the main structural components of their root systems were adventitious roots formed during propagation. Cuttings did not develop further structural roots during the experiment, whereas seedlings continued to develop primary roots. Individual primary roots of cuttings were longer and had larger mid-point diameters than those of seedlings, but the total length of primary roots was greater in seedlings. Seedlings also had a greater number and total length of secondary roots. Shoot/root ratios, calculated from a range of functional measures, were higher in cuttings than seedlings. 相似文献