基因打靶载体选择标记盒的构建及表达

为构建山羊乳腺基因打靶载体的选择标记盒,将loxP位点分别引入正、反向引物,以含新霉素磷酸转移酶(neo)基因的质粒pTarget为模板,用高保真聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增得loxP neo loxP选择标记盒。将PCR产物克隆到pGEM T载体后进行的序列分析结果显示,引入的loxP位点及扩增后的neo基因序列均是正确的。将此选择标记盒克隆到不含neo基因的真核表达载体ΔpTarget后转染COS 1细胞,经过G418筛选获得药物抗性细胞克隆。再将此选择标记盒克隆到山羊β 乳球蛋白基因打靶载体并转染山羊成纤维细胞,经过G418选择后也获得抗性细胞克隆。结果表明:克隆的loxP neo loxP选择标记盒可用于基因打靶载体的构建。     

Suicide vectors for the introduction of genetic markers into Bradyrhizobium strains by site-directed chromosomal integration between repeated sequences (RS-α)

To achieve stable expression of the heterologous and reporter genes in the Bradyrhizobium genome, we constructed suicide plasmids capable of site-directed genomic integration of the gusA, gfp and nifA genes by homologous recombination into non-essential repeated sequences (RS-α), isolated from B. japonicum strain CPAC7 (SEMIA5080). In this report, we describe the strategies to construct the vectors and their use to obtain mutants with site-specific insertions.     

应用于兽用疫苗研发的病毒载体研究进展

对应用于兽用疫苗研发的病毒载体,包括痘病毒载体、疱疹病毒载体、腺病毒载体、杆状病毒载体、副粘病毒载体、弹状病毒载体、甲病毒载体、冠状病毒载体、反转录病毒载体、黄病毒载体等DNA和RNA病毒载体的研究进展进行了综述,以期为我国基因工程活载体疫苗研发工作提供参考.     

应用GatewayTM技术构建烟草抗真菌病相关基因的RNAi载体

根据抗病基因(Resistance genes,R基因)的功能保守域,利用生物信息分析方法在绒毛状烟草(Nicotiana tomentosiformis)全基因组上获得6个完整可靠的抗真菌病候选基因.在这6个基因的非保守区设计特异引物,以普通烟草品种红花大金元反转录cDNA为模板克隆抗真菌病相关基因的干扰片段,利用GatewayTM克隆技术构建上述候选基因的RNAi载体,经酶切和测序证明载体构建正确,为进一步鉴定这6个候选基因的具体抗病性,并为将其应用于烟草抗病新品种的选育工作奠定了基础.     

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and production of semilooper resistant transgenic castor (Ricinus communis L.)

Summary Semilooper resistant transgenic castor plants were produced through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method. Two castor cultivars, Jyothi and VP1 were transformed using the super-binary vector pTOK233 carrying gus A and hpt genes. Putative transformants were regenerated following selection on the hygromycin containing medium. GUS positive primary transformants, when subjected to Southern analysis, revealed stable integration of gus A into their genomes. In the T₁ generation, a monogenic segregation ratio of 3 GUS positive: 1 GUS negative plants was observed. Furthermore, transformation experiments were carried out with the Agrobacterium pSB111 super-binary vector carrying a synthetic delta endotoxin gene cryIAb and the herbicide resistance gene bar both driven by cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Putative transformants were regenerated through selection on the phosphinothricin containing medium and Basta tolerant transformants were subjected to molecular analysis. PCR analysis revealed the presence of both bar and cryIAb genes in the Basta tolerant primary transformants. Southern analysis of PCR positive plants with cryIAb probe showed a 3 Kb band upon HindIII digestion and a > 6 Kb band with BamHI digestion, thus suggesting stable integration of cryIAb intact expression cassette and independent nature of the transformants. The primary transformants subjected to ELISA disclosed varied levels of Cry protein. These transgenics expressing cryIAb – when bioassayed against freshly hatched semilooper larvae – induced substantial (> 88%) insect mortality. Southern analysis of 2T₁ plants revealed the presence of cryIAb gene, indicating stable inheritance of the transgene into the next generation. In T₁, all the Southern-positive plants for cryIAb invariably exhibited tolerance to Basta, denoting co-segregation of both bar and cryIAb genes. Transgenics, expressing cryIAb exhibited ample resistance against the castor semilooper.     

种衣剂包衣处理对玉米矮花叶病传毒介体的防治效果

通过室内和田间试验研究了含高效杀虫剂吡虫啉的种衣剂Ⅰ号、Ⅱ号对玉米矮花叶病传毒介体的防治效果。结果表明,两种种衣剂包衣处理均对传毒介体麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)具有较高防效,残效期可达40d 以上;蚜虫高峰期对无翅蚜和蚜虫总量具有明显的控制作用,种衣剂处理较对照蚜虫总量可减少23.12%～68.18%。     

陕西渭北烟区黄瓜花叶病毒流行学的初步研究

１９９５～１９９６年调查表明,越冬油菜是陕西省渭北烟区黄瓜花叶病毒（ＣＭＶ）的主要初侵染源;ＣＭＶ的主要介体桃蚜以若蚜或卵越冬,从而造成烟田有翅蚜迁入有两个明显的高峰,其中第一次迁入高峰蚜量和ＣＭＶ的发生呈正相关。据５年资料相关分析表明,第一次迁入烟田高峰蚜量,２～４月降水量和４月平均温度与６月中旬烟田ＣＭＶ病株率呈显著相关。综合分析结果显示,通过预测烟田第一次有翅蚜迁入数量,就可以预测当年ＣＭＶ的发生情况。     

花生抗黄曲霉的植物双价表达载体的构建

通过常规育种培育的抗黄曲霉品种皆表现抗性不稳定,鉴此开展通过基因工程手段以培育高抗以及无筛选标记的转基因花生品种。几丁质酶基因CHI和葡聚糖酶基因GLU皆为广谱性的抗病基因且具有协同增效作用。分别以pSC1300-8-CHI和pSC1300-13-GLU载体为基础,通过PCR技术在CHI基因的特异启动子8#前端和T-nos末端分别加入NcoⅠ酶切位点和AflⅡ酶切位点,在GLU基因的特异启动子13#前端和T-nos末端分别加入ApaⅠ酶切位点和SpeⅠ酶切位点,通过酶切、连接将上述2个基因连接在抗生素自我删除载体pLoxp上,获得了具有抗生素自我删除选择标记的双价果种皮特异表达载体pLoxp-8-CHI-13-GLU。经过限制性内切酶鉴定,该植物表达载体构建成功。     

棉花肉桂醇脱氢酶基因GhCAD6的克隆及正义、反义与RNAi干扰载体的构建

肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)催化木质素单体合成的最后一步反应,将肉桂醛还原生成相应的肉桂醇.采用PCR方法从棉花中克隆了GhCAD6基因1 569 bp的基因组序列,序列分析表明GhCAD6基因由5个外显子和4个内含子组成.为了研究GhCAD6基因的功能,构建由棉纤维组织特异性启动子E6驱动的GhCAD6基因正义、反义表达载体;同时克隆了GhCAD6基因的一段417 bp高度保守的NBD区序列,构建了GhCAD6基因的RNAi干扰载体,并将上述载体转入农杆菌菌株LBA4404中.为通过转基因技术深入研究GhCAD6基因在棉纤维发育和木质素代谢途径中的作用创造条件.     

一种快速高效构建植物表达载体的方法

植物表达载体是将目的基因转化宿主细胞的媒介,载体构建是通过遗传转化方法开展基因功能鉴定与应用等研究的重要环节。以构建玉米谷氨酰胺合成酶基因(GS1)表达载体pCUbi1390-Ubi-GS1-35S-EPSPS为例,研究简单、通用、高效的构建载体的方法。该方法目的片段和载体不需要酶切产生互补的黏性末端,只需通过在目的基因PCR上下游引物的5’端设计与线性载体两端有15个碱基的同源序列,根据序列的同源性,将目的基因插入载体中,通过PCR程序实现DNA重组。结果表明,正确构建了设计的转化载体,该方法大大简化了载体构建的过程,也适用于任何一个基于单酶切位点把外源DNA重组插入目标序列。