单外流瘤胃体外培养系统发酵装置的设计与研究

[目的]为解决现有发酵装置的发酵不完全、过滤网不易更换等问题,设计一种专门为单外流瘤胃体外连续培养系统配套的密闭发酵装置。[方法]按日粮精粗比30∶70选取1 000 g颗粒饲料为试验材料,网孔孔径分别为200目、100目、80目和60目,采用单向转动和往复转动2种搅拌方式,以活体羊为对照组进行试验。[结果]在网孔孔径为200目、搅拌方式为单向转动的条件下,瘤胃发酵特性与活体羊体内环境更接近。[结论]实际发酵率略低于理论发酵率,基本达到完全发酵;该装置可以作为模拟和研究反刍动物瘤胃发酵过程的理想模型。     

Pyloric outflow obstruction secondary to sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis in a dog

A 6-year-old, male neutered mixed breed dog was presented emergently with a three-week history of hyporexia, vomiting, diarrhoea and weight loss. Upon examination, the patient was dull, had generalised muscle atrophy, moderate abdominal pain and a mild amount of peritoneal effusion. A fluid-filled, distended, corrugated small bowel with marked gastroparesis and moderate peritoneal effusion was noted on abdominal ultrasonography. Endoscopy revealed hyperaemic and friable mucosa and a subjectively narrowed pylorus. Emergency exploratory celiotomy was performed due to worsening patient condition and revealed thick, diffuse, fibrous adhesions of the abdominal cavity. Based on these findings, sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) was suspected. A large mass of omentum adjacent to the greater curvature of the stomach had caused a pyloric outflow obstruction. Adhesiolysis was attempted but was unsuccessful due to the friability of the small intestines. The dog was humanely euthanased under anaesthesia. A diagnosis of SEP was confirmed via necropsy. No underlying cause was identified. This is the first known case of a pyloric outflow obstruction secondary to SEP in a dog. Although rare, this condition should be considered as a differential for dogs with signs of a pyloric outflow obstruction with concurrent ascites and abdominal pain, hyporexia, vomiting and diarrhoea.     

基于劳动力外流的农村土地利用变化分析

为探讨新时期农村劳动力外流引发的农村土地利用方式变化规律,选取农村宅基地、耕地、林地等3类在农民生活中最重要的地类为研究对象,分析了其利用变化情况.结果表明,宅基地的使用向多样化发展,其居住性功能有所减弱,但资产性功能得到了强化;耕地的利用也呈现多样化趋势,但其保障功能有所减弱;林地利用方式则逐渐减少,林地在农民生活中的重要性逐渐减弱.农村劳动力的大量外流导致农村土地利用方式发生了变化,3种主要地类在部分功能有所减弱的同时其他功能却得到了强化.并据此提出了从农户和社会角度出发,合理引导农村土地利用向更加合理的方向发展的对策.