喷雾干燥鱼浆蛋白粉营养成分分析

本试验对鱼粉加工废水鱼浆蛋白粉(经浓缩、水解、喷雾干燥得到的副产品)进行营养成分分析,其中粗蛋白质含量达64.08%,钙2.67%、磷1.12%,钙磷比例合理;各氨基酸含量分别为:赖氨酸3.29%,蛋氨酸0.94%,谷氨酸5.17%,牛磺酸2.50%。     

Effect of different dietary ratios of sunflower and linseed oils on growth and carcass traits of rabbits

As part of an experiment aiming to modify the meat fatty acid profile, this work studied the growth and carcass traits as affected by various dietary ratios of sunflower oil and linseed oil. A diet without added oil served as a control (C). Four other diets were equally 4% oil-enriched but they differed in the incorporation ratios of sunflower oil (S) to linseed oil (L), i.e. 4% S to 0% L (diet 4%S), 3% S to 1% L (diet 3:1%SL), 2% S to 2% L (diet 2:2%SL) and 0% S to 4% L (diet 4%L). The oil-rich diets had slightly higher digestible energy contents (11.4 vs 10.6 MJ/kg) than the C feed. In each group 10 litters of 7 to 9 Pannon White kits per litter were studied in the pre-weaning period from 21 to 35 days old. Growth and slaughter traits were assessed with 50 and 30 rabbits per group, respectively. No significant effects of diets were found on litter and doe performances. The only significant differences in growth performance of the C, 4%S, 3:1%SL, 2:2%SL and 4%L rabbits were for the 35–49 day feed intake (88, 86, 84, 84 and 83 g per day, respectively, P = 0.046), the 35–84 day growth rate (36, 38, 37, 35 and 37 g/day, P = 0.034) and the 84-day body weight (2608, 2703, 2664, 2565 and 2628 g, respectively, P = 0.022). There were several significant differences in carcass traits including the weight of reference carcass (1357, 1391, 1388, 1380 and 1369 g, respectively, P = 0.004) and left longisimus dorsi meat (78, 79, 81, 81 and 76 g, respectively, P = 0.046) of rabbits. The diets had major effects on the L*, a* and b* colour values (lightness, redness and yellowness) of meat and fat. Carcass colour of the C and 4%S rabbits was closer and the 4%L rabbits was further from the European consumer's preference of light coloured, less red and slightly yellow rabbit meat. Our result reveals the importance of age and body weight at slaughter. Taking the growth and slaughter performances and, the recent belief of human health benefits from lower n− 6/n− 3 FAs dietary ratios into account, the 2:2%SL diet seems most appropriate if the interests of the raisers, meat processors and buyers are considered equally.     

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒S基因核酸疫苗免疫小鼠体液免疫功能变化的研究

本实验对TGEV S基因核酸疫苗免疫后体液免疫功能变化进行了研究,同时比较了两种核酸疫苗单独免疫小鼠后体液免疫应答的变化,证明重组核酸疫苗诱导小鼠产生体液免疫应答。     

EFFECT OF OBSERVER VARIABILITY ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE MEASUREMENT BY RENAL SCINTIGRAPHY IN DOGS

Observer variation in kidney depth measurement for correction of soft-tissue attenuation and kidney region of interest (ROI) drawing was evaluated using 60 clinical dogs with a wide range of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for their effect on the calculated percentage uptake of 99mTc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and individual kidney GFR by scintigraphy. Kidney depth was measured separately on the lateral image using two color tables: a threshold and a continuous red-green-blue. Within-observer variability of the semi-automatic ROI drawing of the estimated total GFR was up to 10% for the right kidney (RK) and 9% for the left kidney (LK). The variability was lower between observers, 6% for RK and 8% for LK. Manual ROI drawing caused more within observer variation than semi-automatic: up to 14% for RK and 11% for LK. Continuous red-green-blue table caused more variation within and between observers than threshold table. Average within-observer variability from both observers of kidney depth measurement on different color tables could vary up to 5.5% and 6.5% variation of the GFR of RK and LK, respectively. Most variation affecting the DTPA percentage uptake came from the ROI drawing technique. Variations of the method because of the effects of both kidney depth and kidney ROI drawing were up to 8% and 10% for RK and LK, respectively. To minimize these variations a threshold scale should be used for the kidney depth measurement and an automatic or semi-automatic ROI should be used whenever possible. In sequential examinations the same person should make all the measurements.     

12份苜蓿种质材料的氨基酸分析

以新疆大叶苜蓿品种为对照,对通过田间综合农艺特性评价筛选出的12份优良苜蓿种质材料分别进行了其盛花期第一茬草和再生草茎、叶及植株(全株)的氨基酸分析.结果表明盛花期刈割供试种质材料(包括对照)植株总氨基酸平均含量为11.83%,叶总氨基酸平均含量为17.99%,茎总氨基酸平均含量为6.10%;再生草植株总氨基酸平均含量为13.78%,叶总氨基酸平均含量为20.17%,茎总氨基酸平均含量为7.19%;供试的12号、9号、3号、5号、2号和8号种质材料含有相对于新疆大叶苜蓿品种较高的总氨基酸, 来自前苏联的12号种质材料还含有较高的必需氨基酸.     

特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品中氯的国标检测方法适用性

依据GB 5009.44—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中氯化物的测定》,对特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品中氯的检测方法适用性展开研究。结果表明：采用GB 5009.44—2016第三法（银量法）检测特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品中乳蛋白部分水解配方、乳蛋白深度水解配方、氨基酸配方得到的样品加标回收率分别为95%～108%、98%～125%、100%～106%,相对标准偏差为12.7%～32.9%;采用GB 5009.44—2016第一法（电位滴定法）得到的检测结果低于第三法检测结果。     

Egg quality and lipid composition of eggs from hens fed Camelina sativa

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding Camelina sativa to layer birds on egg production, egg quality characteristics, egg lipids, and fatty acid and lipid oxidation products. Fifty-eight-week-old ISA Brown Leghorn laying hens (n = 48) were kept in individual cages and were fed a corn- and soybean meal-based diet with added Camelina meal at 0%, (control), 5%, (CAM5), 10% (CAM10), and 15% (CAM15). The experimental diets were fed for a period of 80 d. Hen-day egg production was lowest for CAM15 (P < 0.05). A significant reduction in yolk weight was observed for CAM10 and CAM15 eggs when compared with control eggs (P < 0.05). Yolk weight, as a percentage of egg weight, was lower for CAM10 and CAM15 eggs, whereas albumen weight, as a percentage of egg weight, was higher in CAM10 and CAM15 eggs than in control eggs (P < 0.05). The yolk:albumen ratio was higher in control eggs than in CAM10 and CAM15 eggs (P < 0.05). Egg total fat content was lowest for CAM15 eggs and was 31.5, 31.9, 30.8, and 29.5 for control, CAM5, CAM10, and CAM15 eggs, respectively (P < 0.05). Total n-3 fatty acids constituted 0.32% in control eggs compared with 2.54, 2.69, and 2.99% in CAM5, CAM10, and CAM15 eggs (P < 0.05). An 8-fold increase in docosahexaenoic acid was observed in CAM15 eggs when compared with control eggs (P < 0.05). The n-6:n-3 ratio was 14.8, 5.6, 4.6, and 4.3 for control, CAM5, CAM10, and CAM15 eggs, respectively (P < 0.05). Total saturated fats were lowest for CAM5 and CAM10 eggs. Eggs from the CAM15 regimen had higher TBA-reactive substance values (P < 0.05) than those from the CAM5, CAM10, or control regimen. Camelina meal could be incorporated into poultry rations as a source of energy, protein, and essential n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. However, inclusion of more than 10% Camelina meal in the hen diet may affect egg lipid quality aspects. Therefore, measures for minimizing lipid peroxidation should be used to enhance egg quality and lipid stability.     

牦牛、犏牛及黄牛肉脂肪酸和风味物质的分析

随机选取青海省果洛州同一放牧群体的1.5岁牦牛（♂）和犏牛（♂）各3头,与青海省湟中县1.5岁的3头黄牛（♂）做比较研究,利用气质联用仪对牦牛、犏牛和黄牛肉中脂肪酸组成及含量进行分析,利用高效液相色谱法对其肉中的肌苷、肌苷酸和硫胺素进行测定,采用高氯酸滴定法测定其肉中谷氨酸钠的含量。结果表明：①牦牛、犏牛和黄牛肉中饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的含量无显著差异（P〉0.05）;多不饱和脂肪酸在犏牛肉中含量最高,明显高于牦牛和黄牛肉（P〉0.05）。②牦牛肉肌苷的含量明显高于同龄黄牛（P〈0.05）;三种牛肉中肌苷酸的含量无显著差异（P〉0.05）;犏牛肉硫胺素的含量最高,明显高于同龄黄牛（P〈0.05）;犏牛与黄牛肉谷氨酸钠的含量明显高于同龄牦牛（P〉0.05）。     

银翘天甘含药血清制备工艺的优化

本研究通过单因素试验和响应面分析设计优化银翘天甘醇提物制剂含药血清的制备工艺,研究采血时间、给药次数及给药浓度对小鼠血清中绿原酸含量的影响。结果表明,银翘天甘醇提物制剂含药血清最佳制备工艺条件为:给药浓度为0.024 g/mL,给药4次,于最后一次给药后33 min采血。此条件下含药血清中绿原酸含量达到33.34μg/mL。     

两种方法所获鸭破骨细胞数量及活性比较

对直接从鸭骨髓腔机械分离的成熟破骨细胞（osteoclasts,OC）和由鸭骨髓来源单核细胞融合成的OC样多核巨细胞（multinucleatedgiantcells,MNGCs）进行培养,分别进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（tartrate-resistantacidphosphatase,TRAP）染色并计数,扫描电镜观察象牙片吸收陷窝,比较了2种方法获得0C的骨吸收功能。结果显示,2种方法均能分离培养出TRAP阳性且具有骨吸收功能的多核OC,但直接分离获得的成熟OC骨吸收功能更强。