用X-光投照法监测羊子宫复旧速度的研究

本实验用手术方法,在配种前26个萨福克羊子宫角和子宫颈等处缝置标记球,在羊分娩后,用 X-光投照法监测其子宫复旧速度。实验结果表明,本实验方法准确可靠,萨福克羊子宫复旧期为28.2±7.4天。     

马子宫角低剂量人工授精试验研究

文章旨在验证马子宫角低剂量浓缩细管精液人工输精方法的可行性。采用直肠触摸检查卵巢的方式确定卵泡的发育状况和榆精时间,直肠把握低剂量浓缩细管鲜精子宫角输精,排卵后6h内按同样方法再追精一次。结果表明：此次试验参配母马26匹,平均每匹输精2．1次,每次平均输精2．4mL,其中18匹马受胎,情期受胎率69．23％。结论：在准确掌握母马卵巢发育水平的前提下,马子宫角低剂量浓缩细管精液人工输精技术上完全可行,在生产上具有较高推广价值。     

Uterine torsion diagnosed in a mare at 515 days' gestation

A pregnant mare with a history of prolonged gestation (～515 days) and suspected diagnosis of fetal mummification was examined. Rectal palpation revealed that the left broad ligament of the uterus was dorsal and medial to the right uterine ligament and it was not possible to observe the cervix during vaginal examination. Transabdominal ultrasound revealed fluid in the uterus, fetal membranes and the uterine walls defined and thickened. Free fluid was not seen in the peritoneal cavity. Laboratory tests (blood cell count and clinical chemistry) were normal. Based on clinical history, physical examination and ultrasound findings, a chronic uterine torsion with fetal death was diagnosed and the mare was subjected to exploratory celiotomy. The uterus was strongly adhered to the peritoneum of the ventral abdominal wall and there were multiple adhesions to the colon. Hysterotomy was performed to remove the fetus and to permit repositioning of the uterus. When the fetus was removed, a large devitalised grey tissue area of the right ventral uterine horn was observed. Multiple adhesions prevented a rescue hysterectomy and euthanasia of the patient was performed. During the necropsy, a 180° cranial cervix clockwise uterine torsion was observed. This rare case of uterine torsion appears to be the most chronic case reported in the equine literature.     

Surgical treatment of uterine torsion using a ventral midline laparotomy in 19 mares

OBJECTIVE: To report on the outcome of surgical treatment of uterine torsion in preterm mares. DESIGN: Retrospective case series of pregnant mares with uterine torsion presented to the Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals. METHODS: Hospital records of all pregnant mares that underwent ventral midline laparotomy for uterine torsion between 1998 and 2004 were reviewed. The signalment, history, clinical signs, results of diagnostic procedures, direction and degree of the uterine twist, treatment and outcome were retrieved from each case record. RESULTS: This study comprised 19 mares between months 5 and 11 of pregnancy (8.7 +/- 1.9) and suffering from uterine torsion. In all cases ventromedian laparotomy was carried out under general anaesthesia. Gastrointestinal disorders were also present in 52.6% of horses. Postoperative complications included subcutaneous seromas (five mares), peritonitis (one mare) and abortion (two mares). In four mares (21%) the operation was unsuccessful (i.e. these mares had to be euthanased intra- or postoperatively). Of the surviving 15 mares, 13 (86.6%) gave birth to viable foals at full term. The foals developed normally. Only two mares aborted. CONCLUSIONS: Because of its versatility the ventral midline approach should be considered for correction of uterine torsion. The approach has many advantages, including rapid and clear access to the abdominal cavity, safety, visual assessment of uterine wall viability, correction of concomitant gastrointestinal tract problems, and performance of hysterotomy or hysterectomy, if indicated. In this study, managing uterine torsion in this way resulted in a high percentage of cases (86.6%) in which pregnancy was maintained, with the birth of a viable, mature foal.     

Biochemical analysis of uterine fluid for identification of indicators for subclinical endometritis in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Alterations in biochemical constituents of uterine fluid have been suggested for diagnosis of subclinical uterine infection in the bovine. This study was undertaken to investigate whether uterine fluid biomolecules could act as tool for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in the buffalo. Uterine fluid samples from normal (n = 22) and subclinical endometritis (n = 18; diagnosed based on uterine cytology)‐affected buffaloes were subjected to biochemical analysis. Among the different biochemical constituents estimated, urea, urea N, cholesterol, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in uterine fluid obtained from subclinical endometritis‐affected buffaloes. The extent of difference between normal and subclinical endometritis‐affected buffaloes was highest in ALP (69%) followed by cholesterol (55%), bilirubin (48%), urea (30%) and urea N (30%) concentrations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the likelihood ratio (LR) was 3.63 for urea, indicating that buffaloes having less than the threshold concentration (47.5 mg/dl) of urea in their uterine fluid were at 3.6 times more risk to be affected with SE. The LRs for urea N, cholesterol, ALP and bilirubin were 2.33, 2.54, 2.12 and 1.65, respectively. It was concluded that ALP, urea, urea N and cholesterol concentrations in uterine fluid may serve as an aid for diagnosing subclinical endometritis in the buffalo.     

三维阴道超声对育龄妇女子宫异常出血的诊断价值

目的探讨三维阴道超声(3D-TVS)对育龄妇女异常子宫出血患者的诊断价值。方法对我院收治的58例育龄妇女子宫异常出血患者进行3D-TVS检查,同时进行三维成像,并与病理检查结果及二维经阴道超声(2D-TVS)结果进行对比分析。结果58例中子宫内膜息肉29例,子宫黏膜下肌瘤11例,宫内节育器(IUD)异常9例,子宫内膜增生过长9例。以病理诊断结果为标准,2D-TVS的诊断符合率为72.4%,3D-TVS的诊断符合率为94.8%,两者差异有统计学意义(X~2=10.641,P<0.01)。结论3D-TVS能直接观察子宫及宫腔病灶的立体形态,能直观显示病灶与内膜、肌层的空间关系,大大提高了诊断的准确率,尤其对宫腔小型病变如黏膜下小肌瘤、内膜息肉的诊断准确率更高。     

多胎动物的子宫容量及其遗传选择

子宫容量是对子宫维持多个孕体正常孕育能力的描述。20世纪60年代以来,对多胎动物的子宫容量及其遗传选择进行了较系统的研究。对此作者着重讨论和综述了多胎动物的子宫容量、子宫容量的度量及子宫容量的遗传选择。     

亚临床酮病对泌乳早期奶牛繁殖性能的影响

为探究围产期亚临床酮病与泌乳奶牛繁殖性能及卵泡发育之间的关系,本试验选择了黑龙江省某大型集约化牛场开展试验,根据产后血酮水平确定亚临床酮病组和健康组奶牛共80头,该牛场亚临床酮病发生率为71%;两组奶牛跟踪到产后50 d进行直肠检查和B超检查了解卵泡发育状况,并记录繁殖性能数据。结果显示:与健康组奶牛相比,亚临床酮病组奶牛产后首次发情天数延长10 d,产后60 d内发情次数少0.58次;产后50 d子宫复旧不全高15%,与亚临床酮病呈显著正相关(R^2=8.74);产后60 d卵泡直径小3 mm(P<0.05)。结论:该牛场奶牛亚临床酮病发病率较高,是引起奶牛产后繁殖障碍的风险因素,也是造成卵泡发育受阻的不良因素,会导致奶牛繁殖力下降。     

Peripheral Concentration of Hydroxyprolineand 3-methyl-histidine in Postpartum Cow

1　Introduction　　 It has been show in rat(Harkness and Harkness,1 95 4) ,human(Montford and PereaTamayo,1 96 1 ) and cattle (Kaidi,1 989) that the increase in the weight of the uterus duringpregnancy is associated with an increase in the collagen content of the uterus.Themechanisms involved in timulating collagen synthesis are unknown.Atthe same time there ishypertrophy and hyperplasia of the smooth muscle fibers of the myometrium.In the post-partum period,the involutionary changes of the…