养殖大黄鱼溃疡病的病原菌及其防治药物研究

从症状典型的网箱养殖患病大黄鱼体内分离到1株细菌824-1,经人工感染试验证实为是引起该病的病原菌。经鉴定,菌株824-1为溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)。利用杯碟法研究了其胞外产物的性质,结果表明:其胞外产物具有淀粉酶、明胶酶、酪蛋白酶、卵磷脂酶、脂酶和几丁质酶活性以及溶血活性,其中以淀粉酶、明胶酶和酪蛋白酶的活性最强,但没有脲酶活性。研究了20种化学药物和15种中草药对病原菌的抑菌作用,结果表明:复方新诺明、磺胺 TMP和庆大霉素等3种化学药物和石榴皮、地榆、五味子、大黄等4种中草药的抑菌能力最强,可作为防治该病的有效药物。     

网箱养殖青石斑鱼的溃疡病病原

2002年夏季厦门同安湾一带气候炎热,降雨量少,海水盐度偏高,同安湾刘五店的网箱养殖石斑鱼大面积暴发溃疡病.本研究调查了石斑鱼溃疡病暴发的特征和症状,主要表现为肌肉溃疡坏死、眼球脱落、鱼骨暴露等.从病鱼体表及内脏分离出优势菌群命名为TS-628,经回归感染证实TS-628就是引发本次石斑鱼溃疡病的病原菌.对病原菌进行鉴定发现,该菌革兰氏染色呈阴性,电镜下观察菌体呈短杆状,极端单鞭毛,综合研究该菌在形态、生理生化、16S rDNA同源性及药物敏感性等方面的特性,基本确认分离到的病原菌为哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi),该菌对氯霉素、壮观霉素等多种抗生素敏感,对万古霉素、青霉素G等抗生素不敏感.哈维氏弧菌是水产养殖病害常见病原菌,但作为养殖石斑鱼的病原菌在国内属首次报道.     

Primary closure of the corneas of two Great Horned owls after resection of nonhealing ulcers

Two Great Horned owls were presented to the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of corneal lesions. Each bird had a corneal ulcer and bullous keratopathy. Following unsuccessful attempts at medical and surgical management, the corneal defects in each bird were treated with penetrating keratoplasties and conjunctival pedicle grafts. In each bird the cornea healed well and regained approximately its normal shape. Both birds fully recovered and have been released into the wild.     

海水网箱养殖许氏平鲉细菌性疾病病原鉴定及致病性研究

2019年8月,大连市金州区大李家街道海域海水网箱养殖许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)暴发严重的皮肤溃疡性疾病。以其为研究对象,从体表病灶、肝脏和肾脏上进行细菌分离,得到1株优势菌株BN-1910。为了验证网箱养殖许氏平鲉死亡是否由该菌株引起,采取腹腔注射的方式进行该菌株回感,以确定该菌株的致病力。在对菌株进行生理生化检验和形态学观察后,可以初步判断菌株为哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)。基于16S rRNA基因序列构建的分子系统发生树表明,哈维氏弧菌(MT864681.1)和该菌株在系统发育树中聚为一支,99%置信水平。研究结果显示,菌株BN-1910为哈维氏弧菌(V.harveyi),对许氏平鲉10 d的LD50为7.98×10^3 CFU/mL;对14种药物的敏感试验证实,菌株BN-1910对氟哌酸、链霉素和左氧氟沙星敏感。     

表皮生长因子及其受体、转化生长因子-α在实验性胃溃疡愈合中的作用

目的探讨胃黏膜表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor,EGF)及其受体(epidermal growthfactor receptor,EGFR)、转化生长因子-α(transforming growth factor-alpha,TGF-α)在大鼠胃溃疡愈合中的变化及意义。方法胃前壁黏膜下注射冰乙酸制备大鼠胃溃疡模型,免疫组织化学法检测溃疡组(42只)和正常组(6只)大鼠胃黏膜EGF、EGFR、TGF-α的表达,测量各指标的积分光密度值。结果 EGF、TGF-α以胞浆表达为主,EGFR以胞膜表达为主,三者均可见壁细胞、内分泌细胞阳性表达,阳性信号以靠近黏膜肌层为主。EGF、EGFR阳性细胞在溃疡术后1d即有增多(P<0.05或P<0.01),TGF-α于溃疡术后2d增多较为明显(P<0.01),之后均呈渐强趋势,EGFR阳性细胞在溃疡术后6d表达最强,EGF、TGF-α阳性细胞于溃疡术后10d积分光密度值达到高峰,溃疡愈合后期三种指标积分光密度值均有降低,但仍显著高于正常组(P<0.01)。结论大鼠胃溃疡自愈时期胃黏膜能特异性表达内源性EGF、EGFR、TGF-α,三者共同参与了胃溃疡愈合过程。     

网箱养殖大黄鱼溃疡病的预报模型

本文以舟山市网箱养殖大黄鱼Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson)为研究对象,根据对2001-2005年间网箱养殖大黄鱼发病情况的观察分析、养殖水域环境因子的监测及其收集的气象资料,对大黄鱼溃疡病的发生规律和养殖环境的状况进行了全面分析,结果表明大黄鱼溃疡病的发生不仅与季节有关,而且还与环境因子的状况密切相关。在此基础上,进一步研究了环境因子对大黄鱼溃疡病发生的影响程度和影响方式,筛选出与大黄鱼溃疡病发生密切相关的环境因子,从而建立了网箱养殖大黄鱼溃疡病发生的预报模型。经检验该模型对预报大黄鱼的溃疡病是否发生及发生的程度有高度显著的效果,用该模型对舟山市2005年大黄鱼溃疡病的发生情况进行了预报,预报的正确率达到81.2%。为能有效、适时地对发病季节大黄鱼疾病的控制,本文还同时给出了网箱养殖大黄鱼发病季节溃疡病的预报模型。     

Distichiasis causing recurrent corneal ulceration in two Friesian horses

Two cases of distichiasis with subsequent recurrent superficial corneal ulceration are described in Friesian horses. Case 1 was a 9‐year‐old Friesian stallion with distichiae on the superior and inferior eyelids of both eyes corresponding to areas of recurrent superficial corneal ulceration. Case 2 was a 5‐year‐old Friesian gelding with a single distichia on the inferior lid associated with recurrent superficial corneal ulceration in the right eye. Case 1 underwent cryotherapy and epilation twice under standing sedation without resolution of distichiasis. A partial tarsal plate excision was then performed on the inferior left lid, which was the most severely affected. Cryotherapy was repeated one and 4 months post operatively due to recurrence. Cryotherapy was associated with skin depigmentation and repigmentation several months following the procedure. No recurrence has been reported up to 3 years following the fourth cryotherapy procedure. Case 2 was treated with epilation. Distichiasis should be included as a differential diagnosis when presented with a horse experiencing recurrent superficial corneal ulcerations. There has been no established breed association for Friesian horses and distichiasis but, due to the inherited nature of this condition in some human patients and dogs, this possibility should be investigated.