Multiple rib fracture in a neonatal foal using a nylon strand suture repair technique

OBJECTIVES: To report rib fracture repair using the Securos Cranial Cruciate Ligament Repair System (SCCLRS; Securos Veterinary Orthopedics, Charlton, MA) in a neonatal foal. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. ANIMALS: A 1-day-old Standardbred foal with fracture of left ribs 2-9. METHODS: Four days after admission the foal was anesthetized and rib fractures were repaired using open reduction and the SCCLRS. RESULTS: Rib fractures were successfully stabilized and the foal was discharged 7 days postoperatively without further complications. CONCLUSIONS: The SCCLRS provided a straightforward, effective method of rib fracture repair in neonatal foals. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Effective rib fracture repair in neonatal foals can be achieved with the SCCLRS.     

淡紫紫孢菌PLHN与甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐减量复配防治象耳豆根结线虫

象耳豆根结线虫Meloidogyne enterolobii严重威胁热带农业生产,迫切需要寻求一种兼具生物防治和化学农药减施高效双重优势的绿色防治方法。本研究通过杀线剂毒力测定和生防菌耐药测定,设计系列药菌复配组合并筛选出对象耳豆根结线虫活性好的复配方案。结果表明:3%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)微乳剂对淡紫紫孢菌Purpureocillium lilacinum PLHN的菌丝生长、产孢量及孢子萌发的影响均较小,且对象耳豆根结线虫的LC50为0.107 mg/L, LC99为0.792 mg/L,绝对致死浓度为0.8 mg/L。复配组合中甲维盐0.4 mg/L(减量50%)+75% PLHN和甲维盐0.6 mg/L(减量25%)+50% PLHN对根结线虫2龄幼虫和卵的抑杀作用均优于其他组合。盆栽防效表明:0.6 mg/L甲维盐(减量25%)+50%PLHN复配组合的防效最好,对根结形成有一定的抑制作用,防治效果与全量甲维盐相当,并能促进番茄植株的生长;0.6 mg/L甲维盐+25% PLHN和0.4 mg/L甲维盐+75%PLHN次之。甲维盐和淡紫紫孢菌PLHN的复配使用,不仅甲维盐能减量25%～50%,还能弥补生物防治稳定性较弱、持效期不长等不足,是植物线虫病防治的可选策略之一。     

Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of unilateral twin gestation in the mare

Embryo reduction of unilateral twin vesicles is normally successful before fixation of the vesicles. After fixation, however, it becomes a challenge, and the later in the gestation period that the reduction is performed, the greater the challenge. One therapy to reduce a twin into a singleton pregnancy is the transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration (TUGA) of one of the vesicles. The results of 35 unilateral twin reductions by TUGA are discussed in this paper and possible negative influences of age, parity and days pregnant are analysed statistically.     

Will Culling White‐Tailed Deer Prevent Lyme Disease?

White‐tailed deer play an important role in the ecology of Lyme disease. In the United States, where the incidence and geographic range of Lyme disease continue to increase, reduction of white‐tailed deer populations has been proposed as a means of preventing human illness. The effectiveness of this politically sensitive prevention method is poorly understood. We summarize and evaluate available evidence regarding the effect of deer reduction on vector tick abundance and human disease incidence. Elimination of deer from islands and other isolated settings can have a substantial impact on the reproduction of blacklegged ticks, while reduction short of complete elimination has yielded mixed results. To date, most studies have been conducted in ecologic situations that are not representative to the vast majority of areas with high human Lyme disease risk. Robust evidence linking deer control to reduced human Lyme disease risk is lacking. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to recommend deer population reduction as a Lyme disease prevention measure, except in specific ecologic circumstances.     

华南双季稻化肥减施增效综合技术模式及技术规程

水稻生产过程中化肥的不合理施用,带来了农产品生产成本增高、农田环境污染等问题,影响水稻生产的可持续发展。于2018—2020年,在单项技术研究基础上,开展本研究,旨在形成适合华南双季稻区的化肥减施增效综合技术模式。研究选用高产、高效水稻品种（双高）,同时优化氮、磷、钾肥的比例结构以及基蘖肥的比例结构（双优）,在化肥中补充施入海藻精和微生物菌剂（双补）,合理平衡移栽密度与肥料施用量、水气平衡方法水分管理（双平衡）的方法。2019—2020年在象州和宾阳县进行技术示范,化肥减量综合技术示范区的化肥施用量比对照减少化肥用量17%（包括氮、磷、钾肥）基础上,平均稻谷产量分别为6479.76 kg/hm²、6755.62 kg/hm²,其稻谷产量分别比对照增产2.30%和6.55%。本研究总结了华南双季稻化肥减施增效技术规程。     

茶园土壤N2O排放的影响因素及减排措施

茶园土壤通过微生物作用释放大量氧化亚氮(N₂O),因此需迫切了解茶园土壤N₂O产生机制及影响因素,以期为茶园土壤N₂O减排提供理论依据。从氮源、有机质、pH、水分、温度、质地等角度对茶园土壤N₂O排放的影响进行综述,提出相应的N₂O减排措施。对以上影响因素阐述发现：反硝化作用对茶园土壤N₂O排放的贡献较大;氮肥施用、土壤理化性质、气象因子等是茶园土壤N₂O排放的关键因素。施用缓释氮肥、氮肥深施、采用氮肥推荐施用量、养分有机替代技术能降低茶园土壤N₂O排放。     

关于我国农村参与式扶贫模式的思考

参与式扶贫作为近年来正在探索的农村扶贫开发方式之一，在全国各地开展了大量的试点项目。通过引用陕西柞水县和宁夏盐池县两地的参与式扶贫项目评估数据，论证了我国农村参与式扶贫在针对性、效果、效率及可持续性方面存在的问题，提出了相应的对策，为参与式扶贫模式的进一步推广提供了新的思路。     

基于粗集理论的大曲理化指标对白酒质量和产量影响的重要因素分析

运用粗集理论方法对采集到的大曲参数（各理化指标）和用其酿造的白酒质量与产量数据进行了分析,通过对数据进行等间隔离散化处理,得到大曲理化指标与白酒质量和产量的决策表,并用属性重要性方法对决策表进行属性约简,得到了大曲理化指标中影响白酒质量和产量的重要因素。     

Bacterial communities in manganese nodules in rice field subsoils: Estimation using PCR-DGGE and sequencing analyses

Abstract

The phylogenetic positions of bacterial communities in manganese (Mn) nodules from subsoils of two Japanese rice fields were estimated using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis followed by sequencing of 16S rDNA. The DGGE band patterns and sequencing analysis of characteristic DGGE bands revealed that the bacterial communities in Mn nodules were markedly different from those in the plow layer and subsoils. Three out of four common bands found in Mn nodules from two sites corresponded to Deltaproteobacteria and were characterized as sulfate-reducing and iron-reducing bacteria. The other DGGE bands of Mn nodules corresponded to sulfate and iron reducers (Deltaproteobacteria), methane-oxidizing bacteria (Gamma and Alphaproteobacteria), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrospirae) and Actinobacteria. In addition, some DGGE bands of Mn nodules showed no clear affiliation to any known bacteria. The present study indicates that members involved in the reduction of Mn nodules dominate the bacterial communities in Mn nodules in rice field subsoils.     

云南特有植物资源降低烟气中自由基的研究进展

就卷烟烟气自由基的研究情况、形成机制、云南特有植物资源对烟气自由基的降低研究等方面进行了综述。