大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素A、B亚单位基因双价植物表达载体的构建

不耐热肠毒素LT是肠产毒性大肠杆菌（Enterotoxigenic E．coli，ETEC）分泌的一种热不稳定性肠毒素，由A、B两种亚单位组成的AB5型杂六聚体蛋白，是目前人们发现的最强有力的粘膜免疫原和粘膜免疫佐剂之一。本研究利用基因工程技术，从强致病菌株K88ac中，分别克隆了LTA和LTB基因，并利用高效植物表达载体pBI121、pBLG和pCAMBIA2300成功构建了带有内质网滞留信号RDEL／KDEL不耐热肠毒素A、B哑单位基因双价植物表达载体pCAMBIA2300-LTA—LTB。为研究LT全毒素在植物中的正确组装及进一步构建带有保护性抗原类全毒素嵌合植物疫苗奠定基础。     

转基因植物疫苗研究进展

众多研究表明,病毒的抗原决定簇及细菌毒素亚单位均能在转基因植物中成功表达,并保持良好的免疫原性.与现有的疫苗生产体系相比,植物生产疫苗具有安全、经济、稳定、高效等优势.本文概述了利用不同受体植物生产疫苗的研究现状、免疫原性评价及免疫原基因的优化表达策略.     

炭疽芽孢杆菌疫苗研究进展

炭疽病是一种人畜共患的烈性传染病.该病由炭疽杆菌所致,传播迅速,潜伏期短,死亡率高.炭疽杆菌在生物武器中占有重要地位.本文简述了现用疫苗及各国正在开发的新疫苗,探讨了疫苗研发的新思路,客观评价了人用炭疽疫苗的安全性及有效性.     

Vaccination experiments on pregnant mice with E. coli vaccines prepared from septicaemic and enteropathogenic strains of E. coli

Experiments have been carried out with vaccination of pregnant mice against E. coli, followed by i.p. challenge of the offspring at one week of age.With a septicaemic strain the results were highly significant, and the method is therefore recommendable for testing of vaccines against such strains of E. coli.Results were less clear-cut with enteropathogenic strains of E. coli. However, with mortality rates of 40 to 45 % in baby mice born by non-vaccinated mothers and less than 15 % in baby mice born by vaccinated mothers, the difference in percentage mortality seems sufficient to warrant the use of the method also in the control of vaccines against enteropathogenic E. coli strains.     

Poxviruses as vaccine vectors

The discovery of Jenner in 1798 founded the science of immunology and eventually led to smallpox eradication from the earth in 1980 after a world-wide vaccination campaign with vaccinia virus (another poxvirus) and paradoxically, despite the eradication of smallpox, there has been an explosion of interest in vaccinia virus in the eighties. This interest has stemmed in part from the application of molecular genetics to clone and express foreign genes from recombinant vaccinia viruses. Vaccinia is also gaining renewed interest due to bioterrorism.

These recombinant viruses have multiple applications in research and vaccinology and led to the development of vectored vaccines, such as the recombinant vaccinia rabies vaccine used to eliminate rabies in Western Europe and, more recently, in the United States. Secondly, alternative poxvirus vectors, such as avipox viruses, were proved to be even safer and efficacious non-replicating vectors (suiciole vectors) when used in non-avian species.     

Immune Responses to Intermediate Strain IBD Vaccine at Different Levels of Maternal Antibody in Broiler Chickens

Tropical Animal Health and Production -     

猪链球菌多价灭活疫苗对实验小鼠免疫效果的研究

临床分离的猪链球菌经随机扩增多态性DNA分析，挑选出4株毒力强。免疫原性好且遗传距离较远的猪链球菌作为疫苗株，研制出猪链球菌病氢氧化铝胶多价灭活疫苗。该疫苗对实验小鼠安全性好，无不良反应。实验室的小鼠免疫效力试验证实该苗的保护率为100％，优于单价灭活疫苗和猪链球菌病活疫苗。     

兽用常温耐热型弱毒活疫苗的研究进展

常温耐热型弱毒活疫苗对预防畜禽疾病具有重要作用，对它的研究越来越多，尤其是耐热冻干保护剂。作者对耐热冻干保护剂的组成、作用机制、效能及畜禽疫病中的应用进行了介绍。     

Isolation and Identification of a Variant Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and the Immune Efficacy of Its Inactivated Vaccine

This study was aimed to isolate a mutant strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and prepare a PEDV inactivated vaccine with high valence by suspension culture process for immunizing against PEDV effectively in China.200 small intestines and theirs contents of diarrhea piglets died of diarrhea,collected from many large-scale pig farms in China,were detected by RT-PCR and sequenced,a mutant strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus was selected and put on the suspension-cultured Vero cells in a 2 L reactor for virus isolation and continuous cell culture,the harvested virus suspension,which was identified and determined TCID₅₀,was inactivated by formaldehyde and mixed with aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvant to prepare PEDV inactivated vaccine.After its physical behavior,stability viscosity,sterility test were checked out,the safety and immune efficacy were studied by immunizing the pregnant pigs and theirs piglets.The results were as follows:86 samples were detected positive in 200 samples,cytopathy occurred after the mutant strain samples screened were passaged to 5th generation,the virus suspension was harvested in 10th generation and identified as a mutant strain of PEDV,named PEDV-GF10 strain.The virus titer of harvested virus suspension was measured up to 1×10^8.0 TCID₅₀/mL after concentrated.After the vaccine was checked out,the sows,40 and 25 days before delivery in experimental groups,were injected into Xuehai acupoint with 4 mL vaccine and the pigs in blank group were free of immunifications.The results showed that there were no obvious differences in the production status of the sows in experimental groups and blank group and the temperature of theirs 3-day-old healthy piglets injected different doses of vaccine,and the vaccine was safe to the sows and piglets.Forty 3-day-old piglets producted by pregnant sows in experimental groups and blank group were randomly selected and taken 4 mL 1×10^8.0TCID₅₀/mL F10 virus culture.The PEDV morbidity of piglets in blank group was 100% after injection and the antibodies were negative;10% piglets in blank group had mild diarrhea symptoms,the protection rate was up to 90%,antibody of passive immunity in piglets lasted for more than 35 days.Virus titer of mutant strain of PEDV-GF10 improved a lot by suspension cell culture,the PEDV-GF10 inactivated vaccine was safe,and could effectively prevent and control the variation strain of PEDV in China.