规模化猪场繁殖障碍性疾病的血清学调查

运用ELISA、LAT和IHA对湖北省2006年度规模化猪场猪伪狂犬病(PR)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪乙型脑炎(JE)、猪细小病毒病(PP)、猪瘟(HC)、猪圆环病毒病(PCV-2)及弓形体病进行了血清学检测。分析调查结果发现PR、PRRS、JE、PP 、HC ５种疾病的免疫抗体平均阳性率分别为84.3%、78.3%、84.7%、58.0%、79.7%。非免PRRSV和PRV野毒的平均感染率分别为55.1%和17.7％,表明PRRSV感染情况比较严重。对58场次发病猪场的541份血清进行PRV、PRRSV、PCV-2混合感染情况的调查发现,规模化猪场中普遍存在二重或三重感染,从而使疾病更加复杂化,给防疫工作带来更大的困难。     

用直接凝集试验与间接荧光抗体试验检测弓形虫的比较研究

为了评价新建立的弓形虫直接凝集试验(DAT)，对DAT和常规的间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)作了比较研究。用两种方法平行检测了41份商品兔血清、76份人工感染的兔血清和271份人血清。定性和定量比较的结果显示；DAT与IFA有很高的符合率(93．4～95．9％)，DAT较IFA敏感，前者的几何平均滴度高于后者，在检测感染兔血清时，DAT远较IFA敏感。通过出较，作者认为DAT更适用于弓形虫感染的大规模筛选和血清流行病学研究。     

上海市动物弓形虫病研究概况

上海的弓形虫病研究始于1977年，是国内除了福建之外较早开展的一个地区，20多年来，上海的动物和人体弓形虫病研究取得了很大的进展；迄今已发表的论文数达100余篇。综合上海市各种动物弓形虫抗体的检测结果显示，各种动物和血清阳性率分别为：家禽家畜0－61．4％，宠物29．5－38．1％，实验动物0－22．4％，野生动物0－87．1％，弓形虫病作为一种重要的人兽共患寄生虫病正引起兽医界和人医部门的高度重视，本文试对上海市的动物弓形虫病（包括病原学、流行病学、实验室诊断、药物治疗及抗虫机制等诸方面）的研究进展作一概述 。     

复方中药治疗急性弓形虫病的试验研究

用弓形虫Rh株感染昆明小鼠,设计复方中药治疗组及对照组,观察对比复方中药对正常小鼠的影响、对感染小鼠腹水中弓形虫数量及小鼠平均存活天数的影响.按照疗效判定标准,复方中药治疗感染弓形虫小鼠有效.     

应用HRP—SPA间接免疫酶染色检测弓形虫病血清抗体

以弓形虫直接涂片,应用HRP—SPA间接免疫酶染色,检测兔实验性弓形虫病血清抗体,检出率达100％。本法操作简便,不需要复杂的仪器设备,便于普及推广。     

安徽部分地区猪弓形虫病的血清学调查研究

为了解安徽地区猪感染弓形虫病的情况,从安徽省部分地区养殖场(户)采取猪血清1 227份,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)检测弓形虫抗体。结果显示:平均阳性率为24.29%,表明安徽地区猪弓形虫病普遍存在。其发生与流行与养殖月份和养殖规模相关。     

几种检测猪弓形虫病ELISA诊断试剂盒的对比

以人工感染弓形虫的猪阳性血清及感染前的阴性血清为样品,比较3个国产(A、B、C)和2个国外(D、E)ELISA试剂盒检测猪弓形虫病的敏感性。用这5种ELISA试剂盒,检测人工感染弓形虫的猪阳性血清42份及感染前的阴性血清45份,并参考PCR扩增结果,比较这5种ELISA试剂盒检测猪弓形虫病的敏感性。5种试剂盒中,1种国产试剂盒的检测结果与PCR结果完全一致,其余4种试剂盒的检测结果都与PCR检测结果差别较大。结果表明,国产试剂盒A的检测效果最佳,国外试剂盒与部分国内试剂盒的检测结果相当,临床选用试剂盒时,可选择检测效果最佳的试剂盒A,不必盲目选择国外试剂盒。     

青海省牦牛弓形体病的血清学调查

为摸清青海省牦牛弓形体病的感染情况,对来自12个县（市）的614份牦牛血清采用正向间接血凝试验（IHA）方法进行了血清学检测,结果检出阳性样品47份,阳性率为7.65%,表明青海省牦牛普遍存在弓形体的感染。     

Cats and Toxoplasma: Implications for Public Health

Cats are popular as pets worldwide because they are easy to care for and provide companionship that enriches the lives of human beings. Little attention has been focused on their potential to contaminate the environment with zoonotic pathogens. One such pathogen, the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, rarely causes clinical manifestations in cats or immunocompetent humans; however, it can have serious adverse effects on human foetuses and immunocompromised patients. Many human infections are believed to be acquired from eating undercooked or raw meat, such as pork and lamb ( Tenter et al. Int. J. Parasitol., 30, 2000, 1217 ; Dubey et al. J. Parasitol. 91, 2005, 1082 ). However, the prevalence of T. gondii infection in human populations that do not consume meat or eat it well‐cooked suggests that the acquisition of infection from the environment, via oocysts in soil, water or on uncooked vegetables, is also important ( Rawal. Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 53, 1959, 61 ; Roghmann et al. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 60, 1999, 790 ; Chacin‐Bonilla et al. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 65, 2001, 131 ). In the past 20 years, two changes occurred that significantly increased the size of the cat population in the USA. Pet cat ownership grew from 50 million to 90 million animals, and animal welfare activists created feeding stations for abandoned and free‐roaming cats. As many cat owners allow their cats to deposit faeces outside and cats maintained in colonies always defecate outside, ample opportunity exists for T. gondii oocysts to enter the environment and be transmitted to humans. Prevention efforts should focus on educating cat owners about the importance of collecting cat faeces in litter boxes, spaying owned cats to reduce overpopulation, reducing the numbers of feral cats and promoting rigorous hand hygiene after gardening or soil contact.