地方高校学费收入是否应纳入国库集中收付范畴的探讨

根据高等教育成本补偿理论,高校的学费收入是对接受教育服务正常支付成本的补偿,不属于政府的财政收入,也不同于其他事业单位的预算外资金。因此,笔认为：在现实条件下,将高等学校学费收入纳入财政统管或进行国库集中支付,不仅不利于高等学校的发展,也不利于政府管理角色与管理职能的转换。     

Clinical and Histopathological Survey of Lesions Similar to Pox Skin Lesions in Three Flocks of a Large Commercial Layer Farm

In this study, we report an outbreak of fowl pox disease in a large commercial layer farm in Iran. Three flocks of this farm were affected. Flock A (23 wk of age), flock B (44 wk of age), and flock C (71 wk of age) showed cutaneous lesions. Beak necrosis was seen at the posterior part of the upper or lower beak. Also, some vesicles were seen in combs, wattles, and eyelids. Beak and comb lesions were scraped and stained with Wright's staining for histopathological examination. Samples showed hyperplasia of epidermis but no Bollinger bodies were seen. Histopathologically, the epidermis had marked hyperplasia (acanthosis) caused by the swelling and increased number of cells in the stratum spinosum. Clinical observations, as well as histopathological findings, led to a diagnosis of fowl pox disease.     

Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of periocular squamous cell carcinoma in horses: a pilot study

Objective  Local photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel cancer therapy in veterinary ophthalmology. A prospective pilot study seeking to demonstrate proof of principle and safety for the treatment of equine periocular squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) was therefore conducted. We hypothesized that surgical excision with adjunctive local PDT is an effective and safe treatment for equine PSCC.
Procedures  Nine horses (10 eyes) with PSCC were treated with surgical resection, local infiltration of resulting wound beds with 2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinylpyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) and irradiation with 665-nm wavelength diode laser. Regular follow-up ophthalmic examinations were performed.
Results  Surgical resection and PDT yielded disease-free intervals of 25–68 months in our study horses as of January, 2008. These results were obtained following a single treatment in seven horses and two treatments in one horse. In one horse, carcinoma in situ developed 2.5 months after partial surgical excision and PDT, requiring local excision under standing sedation.
Conclusions  Preliminary results suggest that surgical resection and adjunctive local PDT is a safe and effective novel treatment for PSCC in horses. More research is needed before PDT for the treatment of equine PSCC can be adequately compared with other current modalities. Important to future investigations regarding PDT, tumor recurrence rate, length of hospitalization, number of treatment episodes required to effect tumor remission, and total treatment costs should be examined in a controlled manner. Our present results and experiences suggest that this treatment may be useful in the treatment of equine PSCC.     

三代测序技术及其应用研究进展

通过DNA测序不仅可以更好地认识生命的本质,了解生物的差异性、进化及发展史,而且为重组DNA的研究提供了方向,在疾病诊断及基因分型方面具有非常重要的实用价值。首先从发现DNA是遗传物质开始,简要回顾了第一、二和三代测序技术的整个发展历程,以及各自的优缺点和主要测序技术或平台;其次,重点介绍了由PacBio公司开发的第三代测序典型技术--单分子实时测序技术（SMRT）和ONT纳米孔测序技术的原理、方法和技术流程,并总结了第三代测序技术的应用领域,包括基因组重测序、do novo测序、转录组研究、甲基化检测、与疾病相关的结构变异检测,以及流行病学中病毒准种分析等应用;再次,比较了三代测序技术在转录组测序和表观遗传学研究中的技术优势,第三代测序技术在基因组重复区域或结构变异等研究领域具有非常明显的优势,对多种疾病的研究意义重大,已成为未来重要的精准诊断工具,此外,凭借对重要经济物种遗传信息的解析,育种工作者通过建立基因与性状的关联,对持有优良性状基因的个体进行人工选育,大大缩短了育种年限;最后,对第三代测序技术在医疗、农业、环境等领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

Computed tomographic diagnosis of incomplete palmar cortical (fatigue) fracture of the third metacarpal bone in two young adult endurance horses

Two young adult endurance horses were presented for investigation of sudden-onset forelimb lameness during competition. Clinical examination revealed a severe forelimb lameness and pain on palpation of the proximal palmar metacarpal area. Initial radiographic survey of the affected forelimb was unremarkable in both cases. A week of box rest resulted in only a mild improvement in the lameness. A second radiographic examination did not reveal any significant abnormalities. In both cases, scintigraphic examination was suggested, but was declined by the owner, and the lameness had significantly improved after local infiltration of 3 mL of anaesthetic solution in the proximal suspensory region. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations of the carpus and proximal suspensory region were unremarkable in Case 2. Case 1 had increased thickness of the medial lobe of the proximal aspect of the suspensory ligament. A computed tomographic examination was performed and an incomplete longitudinal (fatigue) fracture of the proximal third metacarpal bone was detected. After 8 months of box rest and rehabilitation, re-examination revealed resolution of the lameness in both cases. Advanced diagnostic imaging should be considered in young endurance horses with severe lameness during competition or training, in which radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations are unremarkable or do not explain the severity of the lameness. Computed tomography imaging is considered a useful diagnostic imaging technique to detect incomplete longitudinal palmar metacarpal cortical (fatigue) fractures due to its ability to provide excellent bone detail.     

第三代果树及开发利用价值

综述了第三代果树的概念、开发利用价值、国内外研究进展以及开发利用的原则和途径.