金丝桃素粉剂对人工感染传染性囊病病毒鸡的疗效试验

金丝桃素是从贯叶连翘中提取的一种极具抗病毒活性成分。为了研究金丝桃素粉剂对腔上囊的治疗效果,对20日龄雏鸡人工感染传染性囊病病毒(IBDV BC-6/85)后,以不同的剂量连续4d口服金丝桃素粉剂。通过观察腔上囊和肌肉的出血情况,以及病原分离,评价该药物对鸡传染性囊病的治疗效果。结果表明:以667.9mg/kg体重的金丝桃素粉剂连续口服给药4d,能有效的治疗传染性囊病,效果优于对照药物高免卵黄抗体。     

“Head-to-Side-Chain” Cyclodepsipeptides of Marine Origin

Since the late 1980s, a large number of depsipeptides that contain a new topography, referred to as “head-to-side-chain” cyclodepsipeptides, have been isolated and characterized. These peptides present a unique structural arrangement that comprises a macrocyclic region closed through an ester bond between the C-terminus and a β-hydroxyl group, and terminated with a polyketide moiety or a more simple branched aliphatic acid. This structural pattern, the presence of unique and complex residues, and relevant bioactivity are the main features shared by all the members of this new class of depsipeptides, which are reviewed herein.     

Influence of Equine Conformation on Rider Oscillation and Evaluation of Horses for Therapeutic Riding

To obtain basic knowledge about selecting horses for therapeutic riding, the influence of equine conformation on rider oscillation and relationships between these factors and the evaluation on horses as the therapeutic riding were studied. Thirty-five riding horses were used. Equine conformation was estimated by 24 indices. Rider oscillation was measured by an accelerometer fixed at the rider’s waist. The spatial position of the oscillation was estimated by a double integration of the acceleration. Horses were evaluated for therapeutic riding by a Riding for the Disabled Association instructor as a rider. Evaluations were on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest score for 27 items. Horses were classified into 4 groups: the short and narrow (SN), short and wide (SW), tall and narrow (TN), and tall and wide (TW). The frequencies of rider oscillation both at walk and trot were higher (P<0.01), and the vertical (P<0.01) and longitudinal (P<0.05) amplitudes at trot were smaller, on short horses than on tall horses. The vertical amplitude at walk was smaller (P<0.05) and the lateral amplitude at trot was larger (P<0.01) on wide horses than on narrow horses. Short horses could be used for the rider who requires side walkers. Wide horses could be used for relieving muscular tension and for the rider who could not maintain good balance on the horse. Short and wide horses should be suitable for therapeutic riding.     

中草药对感染球虫病肉鸡生长性能和治疗效果的影响

文章旨在研究日粮添加中草药对感染球虫病的1～42 d肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、组织器官相对重量及治疗效果的影响。试验选择体重一致的1日龄Cobb肉仔鸡560只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复28只鸡。处理1组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理2组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药,处理3组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理4组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+65 mg/kg盐霉素,处理5组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药。试验进行42 d。球虫感染显著降低了1～21 d肉鸡日增重、料肉比和死亡率(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理1组肉鸡的日增重降低了40%(P <0.05)。日粮添加中草药后对球虫感染有缓解效果,处理5组比处理3组1～21 d肉鸡日增重提高了25%(P <0.05),料比降低了19.5%(P <0.05);处理5组较处理3组显著降低了22～42 d肉鸡日增重,提高了料肉比(P <0.05)。球虫感染添加中草药组(处理5)的胴体腹部脂肪含量最低(P <0.05)。处理3组鸡粪球虫卵数量在第5天最高,显著高于其他两个球虫感染组(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理4和5组显著提高了十二指肠的病变评分(P <0.05)。综上所述,1～42 d肉鸡日粮添加1 g/kg复合中草药添加剂混合物能适当缓解雏鸡球虫病感染的负面影响,混合中药添加剂对感染球虫肉鸡生长性能的改善及降低粪中球虫卵数量的作用与盐霉素相当。     

哺乳动物体细胞克隆技术的应用前景

体细胞克隆的成功为农业、医学以及生物学基础研究提供了新的工具。体细胞核移植技术和转基因、胚胎干细胞等现代生物技术的相互渗透更是活跃。当前,尽管体细胞核移植效率仍然不甚理想,而且克隆后代成活率低、畸形率高,但人们还是对该技术的发展充满了憧憬,尤其希望借助这一手段在攻克一些长期困扰人类的疑难疾病上有所突破。作者则总结了体细胞核移植在上述各方面的应用价值,供同行参考。     

复方蒲公英注射液对猪弓形体病的疗效观察

猪弓型虫病又称猪弓形体病、弓原虫病。是由垄地弓行虫寄生于各种动物的细胞内引起的一种人、畜共惠的原虫病,该病以患病动物的高热,呼吸及神经系统症状,动物死亡和妊娠动物的流产、死胎、胎儿畸形为特征。暴发弓形体病时,可使整个猪场发病,死亡率可高达60％以上。目前全国各地均有本病的存在,给人类健康和畜牧业发展带来了很大的危害和威胁。本试验对猪临床发病病例经过流行病学调查、临床症状及剖检变化观察、最后经过实验室检查确诊为猪弓形虫病。应用复方蒲公英注射液进行治疗,结果有效率为100％。治愈率为95％,与对照组差异显著（P〈005）,可以在临床推广使用。     

复方非泼罗尼滴剂对犬蜱虫感染的治疗试验

为验证复方非泼罗尼滴剂按推荐剂量使用对犬蜱虫病的治疗效果,从北京市和海口市各收集60例自然感染病例犬,随机分配到A组和B组,A组为试验药物组(复方非泼罗尼滴剂),B组为对照药物组(福莱恩增效滴剂),每组60只,各组试验犬按推荐剂量接受治疗,在用药0 d、用药后1、2、3、4、5、6、7、10、14、21、28、35 d...     

Use of flubendazole as a therapeutic agent against rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) in intensive cultures of the harpacticoid copepod Tisbe holothuriae

Copepods are well known to be the optimal live feed for most species of marine fish larvae. Still copepods are rarely used in marine hatcheries worldwide. Lack of efficient production techniques are among the reasons for this. Consequently, Artemia and rotifers are utilized in commercial settings. One problem in intensive production of copepods is contamination with rotifers. Rotifers have higher growth rates than copepods and consequently will compete out the copepods when accidentally introduced to the copepod production systems. Once contamination has occurred, the only cure has been to shut down production and subsequently use a therapeutic agent to eliminate all zooplankton in the system before restart with a stock culture free of rotifers. We tested flubendazole as a mean of controlling rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) in intensive laboratory cultures of the harpacticoid copepod (Tisbe holothuria). Flubendazole was lethal to rotifers in concentrations as low as 0.05 mg L^?1. There was no significant effect on the concentration of copepods, even at the highest concentration tested, i.e. 5.0 mg L^?1 flubendazole. We conclude that flubendazole is an effective drug for control of B. plicatilis in T. holothuriae batch cultures.     

五味子甲素在小鼠体内组织的分布特点及其靶向疗效研究

【目的】建立小鼠组织中五味子甲素的质量浓度测定方法,并研究五味子甲素在小鼠体内的组织分布及其靶向治疗效果。【方法】将五味子甲素按25mg/kg一次灌胃ICR雄性小鼠,于给药后0.5,1,2,3和4h分别取小鼠心、肝、肾、脑,用生理盐水洗净后制成0.25g/mL组织匀浆,以睾丸酮为内标物,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定五味子甲素在小鼠心、肝、肾、脑中的质量浓度,并对HPLC方法的专属性、回收率、精密度和稳定性进行考察。依据五味子甲素在各组织中的峰值及各时间段的质量浓度,确定其分布最高的组织,对质量浓度分布最高的组织进行相关的药理学评价。【结果】小鼠心、肝、肾、脑组织中五味子甲素质量浓度为0.625~20μg/mL时,其质量浓度与五味子甲素/内标峰面积线性关系良好(r≥0.999 0)。HPLC法的专属性良好;日内精密度为(3.15±0.82)%~(4.77±0.57)%,日间精密度为(5.51±1.82)%~(8.46±2.93)%;稳定性试验的RSD10%;绝对回收率为(89.04±3.82)%~(91.37±3.77)%,相对回收率为(95.65±5.76)%~(106.07±8.29)%。五味子甲素1次灌胃给药(剂量25mg/kg)后在小鼠体内心、肝、肾、脑组织中均有分布,给药1h后五味子甲素在小鼠心脏、脑组织中质量浓度达到峰值,给药2h后在小鼠肝脏和肾脏中质量浓度达到峰值。整个分布情况显示,给药后1,2,3h五味子甲素在小鼠肝脏组织中的质量浓度均高于其他组织,且达峰值时其质量浓度也显著高于心脏、肾脏、脑(P0.05);其次是肾脏,五味子甲素质量浓度较低的为心脏和脑。五味子甲素对CCl4所致的小鼠急性肝损伤确有一定的保护作用。【结论】该测定方法简便、快速、稳定,可用于小鼠内脏组织中五味子甲素质量浓度的测定;小鼠灌胃给药后五味子甲素在小鼠体内心、肝、肾、脑组织中均有分布,且达峰值时以肝脏中质量浓度最高,其次是肾脏,心脏与脑中较低;五味子甲素对CCl4所致的小鼠急性肝损伤有一定保护作用。