Advances in Reptile Clinical Therapeutics

The standard of today's reptile practice calls on clinicians to use an ever-increasing array of diagnostic tools to gather information and obtain a definitive diagnosis. Few, if any, pathognomonic signs exist for reptile diseases, and for most clinical syndromes there is a lack of information regarding pathophysiology for one to define standard therapeutic protocols based solely on clinical signs without objective diagnostic information. For example, in the relatively distant past, clinicians treating reptile patients would routinely administer parenteral calcium to green iguanas (Iguana iguana) with the primary presenting clinical sign of muscle tremors. Today, veterinarians who treat reptiles recognize that the risk of soft tissue mineralization and permanent damage to arteries, renal tubules, and other tissues usually outweighs the potential short-term benefit of calcium therapy. Before calcium therapy is initiated, it is best to know the patient's ionized calcium concentration to reduce the risk of potential adverse therapeutic side effects. A problem-oriented diagnostic approach directed toward minimizing risk and maximizing therapeutic benefit is now the standard of reptile practice.     

长期氧疗对慢性阻塞性肺病患者的疗效分析

目的：探讨长期氧疗(LTOT)对慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者的疗效。方法：对46例COPD稳定期患者进行3a的LTOT、于LTOT前及LTOT后观察患者住院次数、呼吸困难改善情况、动脉血气分析及血浆白蛋白的变化情况。结果：氧疗后1、2、3a与氧疗前基础值比较,患者住院次数减少,呼吸困难等临床症状显著减轻,低氧血症改善,营养状况好转。结论：合理使用LTOT对COPD患者有良好的治疗作用．可提高患者生活质量。     

信号通路在肝癌发生过程中的作用及靶向治疗策略

肝癌是一种多病因参与、多阶段病变的复杂疾病。研究表明,参与调节机体重要生理过程的一些信号通路异常与癌变密切相关。该文综述了在肝癌发生过程中一些信号通路的异常现象,总结并分析了以信号通路为靶点的临床药物研究策略及未来发展方向。对这些信号通路作用机制进行深入细致了解将有助于寻找更为合适而有效的治疗靶点。     

信阳地区常发鸡病及防制对策

经近五年的调查,总结出信阳地区经常发生和危害严重的十种鸡病的发病原因及防制措施,提出了常发鸡病的综合防制对策。     

多价噬菌体分离筛选及靶向灭活土壤病原菌的应用研究

农田土壤中残留和滋生多种病原菌会对人体健康和生态环境带来显著的安全隐患,开展针对性的生物修复研究十分迫切。噬菌体疗法靶向灭活土壤中病原菌的技术为修复此类污染土壤提供了全新途径。本研究以南京城郊某奶牛场牛粪堆积池周边,粪肠杆菌和假单胞菌复合污染农田土壤为例,首先筛选和纯化获得两株专一型噬菌体(YSZ1和YSZ5),再人为加速其宿主谱的表达过程,获得对应的多价噬菌体(YSZ1R和YSZ5K),并进行生物学特性(形态、核酸、最佳感染复数、一步生长曲线等)鉴定,结果表明:在水相和污染土壤中不同噬菌体对于同步灭活病原菌的能力依次为YSZ5KYSZ1RYSZ5YSZ1,并且施用多价噬菌体疗法有助于维护和改善修复后土壤微生物生态功能多样性与稳定性。本研究结果可为噬菌体疗法靶向灭活土壤中多种病原菌提供切实可行的修复技术。     

冷藏过程中原料乳脂质代谢变化的靶向脂质组学分析

为探究原料乳在4 ℃冷藏过程中的脂质变化,从而指导乳及乳制品的后期加工,该研究采用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆复合线性离子阱质谱技术分别对冷藏第0、2、3、4、6天的原料乳脂质进行绝对定性定量分析。结果表明,原料乳共检出20种脂质亚类、880种脂质分子,其中甘油三脂、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰胆碱亚类含量最高;以P值 <0.05,变量重要性投影（variable importance projection,VIP）>1为标准共筛选出420种显著性差异脂质代谢物,以P值 <0.01,VIP >1为标准共筛选出98种极显著性差异脂质代谢物。整个冷藏过程中,极显著性差异脂质分子含量呈下降趋势,其中第3天与第4天对比组（D3 vs D4）脂质变化最为明显,冷藏3～4 d是原料乳脂质变化的关键阶段。对D3 vs D4组的极显著差异脂质进行京都基因与基因组百科全书（kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）通路分析,10种脂质分子被注释到6条代谢途径中,其中磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰肌醇、磷脂酰基丝氨酸被注释到甘油磷脂代谢及神经酰胺、鞘磷脂被注释到鞘脂代谢是该阶段的主要代谢途径。研究结果为探明原料乳冷藏过程中的脂质变化、划定脂肪水解的关键期提供理论依据,进而为后期乳制品的加工提供数据参考。     

PRIMARY IRRADIATION OF CANINE INTRACRANIAL MASSES

Twenty-nine dogs received primary radiation therapy for intracranial lesions and clinical signs suggestive of neoplasia. Presumptive diagnosis and tumor categorization was based on computed tomographic or magnetic resonance images. Meningioma was the most likely tumor type in 22 dogs and glioma or choroid plexus tumors were tentatively identified in 4 and 3 dogs, respectively. Cobalt-60 radiation was delivered in 3 Gy fractions on a daily, Monday-through-Friday basis for a total dose of 48 Gy (16 fractions) in 28 dogs; one dog received 54 Gy. Two of 29 dogs died during treatment of signs suggestive of progressive tumor growth but were included in the overall evaluation of response to treatment. Median overall survival was 250 days (range 21-804). Mild acute radiation effects on normal tissue developed and did not influence outcome in any dog. Late radiation effects could not be evaluated in this study. No significant predictive indicators were identified from the clinical or imaging data. Radiation therapy is superior to medical treatment of brain tumors in dogs with steroids, is useful for tumors that are not currently operable and may be preferable to surgical resection in dogs if the mass appears infiltrative. However, 22/29 (76%) dogs died of recurrent progressive neuropathy suggestive of tumor regrowth or progression. Thus, alternative methods for delivery of radiation to dogs with brain tumors or novel combinations of therapy should continue to undergo evaluation.     

园艺疗法在康复疗养空间中的应用

在现代化的过程中,精神压抑、亚健康成为大多数城市居民的困扰,本文介绍了园艺疗法的概念及其自身特点,分析了园艺疗法在康复疗养空间应用的原理和必要性,并归纳出植物保健园、色彩植物园、劳技活动园三种应用形式。园艺疗法通过患者的亲身体验与参与来达到恢复健康的目的。