Comparison of the use of a braided multifilament transfixation suture for field castration with other castration techniques

Complications with castrations occur commonly and are usually not life-threatening, with the exception of evisceration or haemorrhage, which are uncommon. Primary closure castration (closing deeper tissue layers and skin) or use of a transfixation ligature alone to prevent evisceration has been recommended. The goal of this study was to investigate the use of a closed technique with multifilament suture for transfixation of the spermatic cord alone in field castrations. The results of this study support our hypothesis that a closed castration technique with a multifilament, transfixing ligature (No. 2 polyglactin 910) did not result in additional post-operative complications when compared with a closed castration technique without ligature placement or a primary closure castration technique in a hospital setting.     

Outcome of conservative and surgical treatment for luxations of the equine superficial digital flexor tendon from the calcaneal tuber

The objective of this study was to report the outcome of horses treated either conservatively or surgically for luxation of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) from the calcaneal tuber. Medical records of horses with diagnosed SDFT luxations from the calcaneal tuber were reviewed (1993–2015) and long-term follow-up examinations and owner questionnaires performed. Survival to hospital discharge, complications, final SDFT position, soundness and return to intended use were compared between conservatively or surgically treated horses. Following conservative treatment all horses (n = 8) survived to hospital discharge. At long-term follow-up 71.4% (5/7) had returned to intended use. The SDFT was unstable in all of them resulting in a mild mechanical lameness. Nine horses underwent surgical treatment. The SDFT was reduced and maintained in position with a synthetic mesh and sutures (n = 2), with a synthetic mesh, sutures and suture screws (n = 6) or with sutures and suture screws (n = 1). Only 66.7% (6/9) of the horses survived to hospital discharge. Fatal complications including support limb laminitis (1/9), implant infection (1/9), and support limb laminitis plus infection (1/9) occurred. All horses available for long-term follow-up (n = 5) were clinically sound and 80% (4/5) had returned to intended use. Following conservative treatment, a mild mechanical lameness will persist but will not prevent the horses from returning to their intended use. Surgical repair can result in a stable fixation of the SDFT with long-term soundness and return to intended use; however, fatal complications (support limb laminitis, infection) can occur leading to the euthanasia of the horse in the immediate post-operative period.     

巴东一中预应力锚索抗拔破坏试验

由于地质情况复杂，存在很多不确定因素，地质勘察资料不足以提供全部地层信息，而高边坡预应力锚索防护工程设计的可靠性直接影响到高边坡的安全和稳定，因而，为了达到设计的合理性，应结合地质勘察资料进行预应力锚索基本试验以确定最优的设计方案，达到安全、经济的目的。从预应力锚索基本试验着手，对如何进行试验准备，如何设定加卸荷载进行了深入讨论，并对试验结果进行了分析评价，确定了最优的锚索方案。     

船舶锚泊活动对海底管道埋深的影响

海底油气管道保护是管道工程领域的重点工作,在沿海特别是海上交通密集区域,船舶的锚泊活动是引起管道事故的重要因素。为了有效防范管道被船锚破坏,需要综合分析船锚在海底的入土深度,确定一个合理的埋深值。对比了国内外关于海底管道埋深的不同标准,分析了船舶锚泊活动可能对海底管道造成损害的类型,从抛锚情况下锚触底后的贯穿量和拖锚情况下锚爪能够啮入海底的最大深度两方面分析了锚泊活动与海底管道埋深的关系。结合国外规定的埋深值,建议沿海船舶交通密集区域海底管道较为合理的埋深值为1.5～2 m。(图2,表4,参21)     

改良永久性线栓法制作大鼠 大脑中动脉梗阻模型的探讨

〔摘要〕目的研究改良线栓法制作大脑中动脉梗阻(MCAO)大鼠模型〔方法将20只SD大鼠分为Zea Longa 组(A组)、改良线栓法组(B组),并对其造模手术时间、梗死体积、神经功能缺损评分进行比较〔结果改良永久性 线栓法制作大鼠MCAO模型所用时间与Zea Longa线栓法所需时间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05 ),梗死体 积、神经功能缺损评分两者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05 )、结论改良永久性线栓法能减少造模时间,提示其梗 死体积、神经功能缺损评分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05 ),均提示其造模成功、     

方形结构网箱单箱体型锚泊系统的优化研究

以方形结构网箱的单箱体型锚泊系统为研究对象,通过力学分析和程序计算得出锚绳张力以及不同来流角度下的阻力系数之和(SRC)两项安全性能指标。结果表明,在理论的最危险受力情况下,单锚绳系统中锚绳张力的最大值为网箱阻力R,在双锚绳系统中则小于R。当双锚绳系统的锚绳安装角度β设置在最佳值22.5°时,SRC获得最小值34.65,该值相比β=1°时的SRC(39.59)下降了约12.5%,相比单锚绳系统的SRC(41.36)则降低了16.2%。     

犬前列腺摘除术的2种通路及关键技术探索

为了探索犬前列腺摘除术的不同通路及其关键技术,选择3～5月龄、3～5 kg体重的4只杂交犬,分成1、2组,分别采用翻开耻骨片和经腹底部正中切口牵拉膀胱以暴露前列腺的手术通路,对前列腺进行完整摘除后作尿道断端吻合,术后观察犬的精神、食欲、饮欲、排便、排尿等情况,并于术后第3周进行剖检,观察膀胱及尿道断端的愈合情况。结果显示,采用上述2种手术通路进行前列腺摘除后,试验犬的精神、食欲、饮欲、排便、排尿等一切正常,膀胱有少量出血点,尿道吻合处愈合良好。试验结果表明,采用6-0单丝尼龙线和结节缝合法是吻合尿道断端的可靠方法,而使用盆腔脂肪组织覆盖尿道吻合处能够有效地预防吻合处漏尿且与周围组织黏连,是保证吻合处良好愈合的有利因素。     

近海中上层柔性浮鱼礁设计与应用

当前我国海洋牧场建设、栖息地改造主要通过底层鱼礁进行,从产生营养物质上升流、饵料场和产卵场及生物链的角度未充分利用整个水体空间,导致效能不能发挥到最佳。为解决这一问题,针对我国东海近海海域海况和生物特性研发了能与底层人工鱼礁协同工作的中上层浮鱼礁。从改善流场、自身体积保持等角度设计了四层网格式柔性浮式鱼礁,进行了浮力、重力及抗浪流能力的校核计算,确定了锚系技术方案及水下效果监控方法。在象山港海洋牧场进行了布放,实际效果测试表明所设计的浮鱼礁可以有效改善区域流场,在最高潮和最低潮时均可保持竖直方向的拉伸状态,最大潮流速度时倾斜角度不超过20度,现场多批次调查及水下视频监控效果显示所研发的鱼礁能够与底层鱼礁协同工作,投放2个月后有鱼类稳定地出现在浮鱼礁周围,取得了良好的效果。     

浅谈深基坑工程

由于城市的发展,深基坑工程常处于密集的既有建筑物、道路桥梁、地下管线、地铁隧道或人防工程的近旁,伴随一些大工程的实施,深基坑工程的设计施工技术已取得了长足进步。     

The microstructure of the suture in the pecan endocarp

The endocarp of pecan is hard to split before the seed germinates. Little is known about the tissue involved in splitting and if seed germination and dormancy affect the process. The endocarp usually splits along the suture when the seed germinates, but may split in other places when dry seeds are pressured. Regardless of the loading direction and the strength, the endocarp does not crack along the suture. We investigated the structure of the suture region of the endocarp using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and evaluated whether water in the endocarp affects the bonding force of the suture and germination. Six main types of cells were identified. The endocarp consists of isodiametric sclereids, flat sclereids and crenated oblatoid cork cells. Vascular bundles, ellipsoidal sclereids and dumbbell- or kidney-shaped sclereids are found close to the suture. Ellipsoidal sclereids arranged alternately strengthen the region adjacent to the suture, and ensure that the endocarp cracks precisely along the suture when the seed germinates. The two edges of carpels are bonded together by secondary metabolites and this bond is broken by water necessary for germination. Identification of the metabolites, which can be affected by the moisture content, may reduce natural cracking before or after harvest in commercial orchards.