雏鸡破壳解剖组织学的机理研究

雏鸡破壳依靠两种组织协同作用来完成,即锁颌韧带和破壳肌(作者命名)。锁颌韧带在雏鸡破壳过程中,使雏鸡上下颌闭合增加卵齿对蛋壳的压强,破壳肌是雏鸡破壳的动力来源。破壳肌是横纹肌,并观察到部分有节横纹肌纤维。     

豆粕替代品饲喂生长肥育猪效果观察

选用体重约15kg、35kg、70kg三个阶段的三元杂交(杜×长×大)生长肥育猪36头、32头、32头,每个阶段按性别、体重随机分为两组,一组作为对照组,饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮;另一组为试验组,试验组日粮用豆粕替代品(替宝100)取代对照组中部分或全部豆粕.15kg阶段试验组比对照组日增重提高2.25%,饲料报酬提高4.50%.35kg阶段试验组比对照组日增重提高11.69%,饲料报酬提高6.34%(P<0.05).70kg阶段试验组比对照组日增重提高7.92%,饲料报酬提高7.97%(P<0.05).     

考虑光照条件的蛋壳蛋心颜色识别方法

研究了机器视觉识别中光照条件对蛋壳蛋心颜色的影响;根据白壳与青壳蛋透光性的差异,对比分析了鸭蛋不同壳色在不同光照强度下的颜色信息,找出了白壳蛋与青壳蛋图像信息差异最大的参数以及对应的光照条件.同时,分析了与蛋黄颜色相关性较大的特征参数及光照条件.实验表明:光照条件的亮度等级为120时,鸭蛋图像的可分度最好,利用形心区域的尺分量来判断蛋壳的颜色,计算量减少,分类准确,易实现;白壳蛋在180亮度及青壳蛋在210亮度等级下,根据形心区域的H分量建立判别模型,预测精度高.     

Assessment of stiffness and strength of 4 different implants available for equine fracture treatment: a study on a 20 degrees oblique long-bone fracture model using a bone substitute

OBJECTIVE: To compare the mechanical properties of 4 stabilization methods for equine long-bone fractures: dynamic compression plate (DCP), limited contact-DCPlate (LC-DCP), locking compression plate (LCP), and the clamp-rod internal fixator (CRIF--formerly VetFix). STUDY DESIGN: In vitro mechanical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Bone substitute material (24 tubes) was cut at 20 degrees to the long axis of the tube to simulate an oblique mid-shaft fracture. METHODS: Tubes were divided into 4 groups (n=6) and double plated in an orthogonal configuration, with 1 screw of 1 implant being inserted in lag fashion through the "fracture". Thus, the groups were: (1) 2 DCP implants (4.5, broad, 10 holes); (2) 2 LC-DCP implants (5.5, broad, 10 holes); (3) 2 LCP implants (4.5/5.0, broad, 10 holes) and 4 head locking screws/plate; and (4) 2 CRIF (4.5/5.0) and 10 clamps in alternating position left and right of the rod. All constructs were tested in 4-point bending with a quasi-static load until failure. The implant with the interfragmentary screw was always positioned on the tension side of the construct. Force, displacement, and angular displacement at the "fracture" line were determined. Construct stiffness under low and high loads, yield strength, ultimate strength, and maximum angular displacement were determined. RESULTS: None of the implants failed; the strength of the bone substitute was the limiting factor. At low loads, no differences in stiffness were found among groups, but LCP constructs were stiffer than other constructs under high loads (P=.004). Ultimate strength was lowest in the LCP group (P=.01), whereas yield strength was highest for LCP constructs (409 N m, P=.004). CRIF had the lowest yield strength (117 N m, P=.004); no differences in yield strength (250 N m) were found between DCP and LC-DCP constructs. Differences were found for maximum angular displacement at the "fracture" line, between groups: LPC相似文献   

优化无矾马铃薯淀粉粉丝感官品质的研究

实验以马铃薯淀粉为主要原料,添加绿豆淀粉进行复配,以蓬灰、磷酸盐为代明矾替代物,确定最优感官工艺技术参数,提高粉丝的感官特性。最佳配比为：绿豆淀粉含量为15％,磷酸盐含量为O．5％,蓬灰含量为0．7％。     

抗生素替代物对畜禽生产的影响研究进展

目前,许多国家均出台了相关的法律规范,开始限制或禁止使用抗生素类饲料添加剂饲喂畜禽。因此,进一步开发利用其替代品成为发展畜牧业的必然趋势,业内人士也审时度势地开展了这方面的科学试验。综述了近年来国内利用复方中草药添加剂、姜黄素、百御素、葡萄糖酸、谷氨酰胺及其组合物等分别代替抗生素饲喂肉仔鸡、仔猪的可行性与效果。结果表明,利用这些替代物质饲喂肉仔鸡和仔猪后,其表现出的生产性能和健康状况与饲喂抗生素者相当,甚至某些重要生产指标还优于抗生素组。     

鸡蛋壳资源的再开发及研究进展

鸡蛋壳具有重要的经济和社会价值。有效利用鸡蛋壳,不仅可以增加社会财富,而且可以保护环境。但我国现在每年仍有大量的鸡蛋壳没有得到充分利用。综述了鸡蛋壳的物理吸附作用、化学组分等方面的应用研究进展。     

蛋壳资源综合开发利用

文中从禽蛋生产和蛋壳资源现状出发,论述了蛋壳资源利用的意义以及蛋壳资源的可利用方式,为蛋壳资源的综合开发利用提供指导。     

钙调素基因启动子序列多态性对京海黄鸡产蛋性状和蛋壳性状的遗传效应

本试验旨在分析钙调素(Calmodulin,CAM)基因启动子区域碱基多态性与京海黄鸡产蛋性状和鸡蛋蛋壳质量性状间的关系。采用PCR-SSCP法检测京海黄鸡CAM基因启动子区域碱基多态性。结果表明:京海黄鸡CAM基因启动子区域有3个SNPs(G326A、A327G、C366T),PCR扩增产物SSCP出现6种基因型:AA、AB、AC、BB、BC和CC。AA基因型个体的300日龄产蛋数和66周龄产蛋数显著高于BB型个体(P<0.05)。AA型个体的蛋壳强度和蛋壳重显著小于AB、BB、AC和BC型个体(P<0.05)。CAM基因座对京海黄鸡300日龄蛋重、蛋型指数、蛋壳强度和壳重百分率的主效应指数(MEI)均大于3%。初步推断CAM基因座可能是影响京海黄鸡产蛋数和蛋壳质量性状重要候选基因。