油菜收获机清选装置虚拟样机的建模与仿真实验

针对油菜收获机清选装置的设计及改进过程中存在的各种问题,以DF-1.5型物料脱粒分离、清选仿真与控制试验台为原型,建立风筛清选装置的虚拟样机模型,并对不同机械系统工作参数下,油菜物料在清选装置中的运动规律进行初步的仿真研究。     

搅拌器搅拌流场的三维数值模拟

将CFD技术应用于搅拌器搅拌流场的分析，基于Navier-Stokes方程和标准k-t紊流模型，求解搅拌器的湍流场，数值模拟的结果对搅拌器水力优化设计具有指导意义。     

日光温室作物蒸发蒸腾量的计算方法研究及其评价

对FAO推荐计算参考作物蒸发蒸腾量的Penman-Monteith(缩写为P-M)公式,在日光温室微气候的条件应用作了详细的分析。将P-M公式分为2个部分,即辐射项(ETrad)和空气动力学项(ETaero),推导出了计算温室内参考作物蒸发蒸腾量的P-M修正公式,解决了P-M公式假定温室内风速为“0”所引起的一系列问题。并根据2004年和2005年温室内实测气象数据和水面蒸发对其进行了验证,通过相关分析得出用修正后的P-M公式计算作物蒸发蒸腾量比FAO推荐的P-M公式计算值误差小、精度高。建议在日光温室里使用修正后的P-M公式计算参考作物的蒸发蒸腾量。     

基于Matlab的挖掘机工作装置动力学方程

根据机械手结构原理，将液压挖掘机工作装置机器人化。运用拉格朗日功能平衡法，结合Matlab软件编程运算，构造了工作装置的动力学模型。输入已知参数即可由程序快速、准确地输出动力学方程，为进一步研究自动控制和仿真问题奠定了基础。     

静电凝并中荷电粒子的运动方程及近似解

本文分析静电除尘器预凝并粒子的运动情况,研究了荷电气固两相流中粒子运动与气流运动的关系,通过对荷电粒子的受力分析,在粒子运动过程中考虑了库仑力、压差力、附加质量力、Stokes阻力以及Basset力对荷电粒子的作用,而忽略其它力的影响,建立了湍流中描述粒子运动的基本方程—BBO(Basset-Boussinesq-Oseen)方程,用谱分解方法进行求解,并得到荷电粒子凝并运动方程的两组近似解,从而确定了粒子运动与气流运动的关系,αr为近似解的重要参数,随着αr的变化,粒子运动的复杂性随之变化。     

Evaluation of the RZWQM-CERES-Maize hybrid model for maize production

The root zone water quality model (RZWQM) was developed primarily for water quality research with a generic plant growth module primarily serving as a sink for plant nitrogen and water uptake. In this study, we coupled the CERES-Maize Version 3.5 crop growth model with RZWQM to provide RZWQM users with the option for selecting a more comprehensive plant growth model. In the hybrid model, RZWQM supplied CERES with daily soil water and nitrogen contents, soil temperature, and potential evapotranspiration, in addition to daily weather data. CERES-Maize supplied RZWQM with daily water and nitrogen uptake, and other plant growth variables (e.g., root distribution and leaf area index). The RZWQM-CERES hybrid model was evaluated with two well-documented experimental datasets distributed with DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) Version 3.5, which had various nitrogen and irrigation treatments. Simulation results were compared to the original DSSAT-CERES-Maize model. Both models used the same plant cultivar coefficients and the same soil parameters as distributed with DSSAT Version 3.5. The hybrid model provided similar maize prediction in terms of yield, biomass and leaf area index, as the DSSAT-CERES model when the same soil and crop parameters were used. No overall differences were found between the two models based on the paired t test, suggesting successful coupling of the two models. The hybrid model offers RZWQM users access to a rigorous new plant growth model and provides CERES-Maize users with a tool to address soil and water quality issues under different cropping systems.     

Inverse Modeling to Quantify Irrigation System Characteristics and Operational Management

Remotely sensed (RS) data is a major source to obtain spatialdata required for hydrological models. The challenge for thefuture is to obtain besides the more direct observable data(landcover, leaf area index, digital elevation model andevapotranspiration), non-visible data such as soilcharacteristics, groundwater depth and irrigation practices.In this study we have explore the option of using inversemodeling to obtain these non-RS-visible data. For a commandarea in Haryana, India, we applied for the 2000–2001 rabiseason a RS-GIS-combined inverse modeling approach to derivenon-RS-visible data required in the regional application ofhydrological models. A Genetic Algorithm loaded stochasticphysically based soil-water-atmosphere-plant model (SWAP) wasdeveloped for the inverse problem and used in the study. Theresults showed good agreement with the inventoried data suchas soil hydraulic properties, sowing dates, groundwaterdepths, irrigation practices and water quality. The deriveddata could be used to predict the state of the system at anytime in the cropping season, which can be used to evaluateoperational management strategies.     

Predicting effects of drainage water management in Iowa's subsurface drained landscapes

Long-term hydrologic simulations are presented predicting the effects of drainage water management on subsurface drainage, surface runoff and crop production in Iowa's subsurface drained landscapes. The deterministic hydrologic model, DRAINMOD was used to simulate Webster (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic) soil in a Continuous Corn rotation (WEBS_CC) with different drain depths from 0.75 to 1.20 m and drain spacing from 10 to 50 m in a combination of free and controlled drainage over a weather record of 60 (1945-2004) years. Shallow drainage is defined as drains installed at a drain depth of 0.75 m, and controlled drainage with a drain depth of 1.20 m restricts flow at the drain outlet to maintain a water table at 0.60 m below surface level during the winter (November-March) and summer (June-August) months. These drainage design and management modifications were evaluated against conventional drainage system installed at a drain depth of 1.20 m with free drainage at the drain outlet. The simulation results indicate the potential of a tradeoff between subsurface drainage and surface runoff as a pathway to remove excess water from the system. While a reduction of subsurface drainage may occur through the use of shallow and controlled drainage, these practices may increase surface runoff in Iowa's subsurface drained landscapes. The simulations also indicate that shallow and controlled drainage might increase the excess water stress on crop production, and thereby result in slightly lower relative yields. Field experiments are needed to examine the pathways of water movement, total water balance, and crop production under shallow and controlled drainage in Iowa's subsurface drained landscapes.     

多孔管的变径设计

要保证孔口压力差不超过允许范围条件下，一条多孔管可由两种管径不同的管段组成，即采用变径法设计。本文考虑了影响多孔管沿程压力的因素，导出了各种地形坡度下变径设计计算公式。这一方法可供喷灌及微灌工程设计参考。     

基于Pro/E的播种机零部件参数化造型

针对旱作节水播种机设计中存在的设计手段落后、设计效率低下等问题，应用基于特征的参数化造型软件Pro/E对旱作节水播种机的零部件进行参数化造型，在对该类播种机开沟器、排种器、地轮等零部件的造型设计中探讨了技术要点，提高了旱作节水播种机修改设计和系列化设计的效率。