黑麦草／红三叶草根系间菌丝桥传递磷的研究

应用五室分隔法研究了黑麦草体内的３２Ｐ通过根间菌丝桥向受体红三叶草的传递作用。结果表明,接种菌根真菌能在黑麦草和红三叶草根系之间形成菌丝桥,并把黑麦草体内的３２Ｐ传递给红三叶草,其传递量随受体红三叶草的施磷量的增加而降低。     

利用松毛虫赤眼蜂防治苹果小卷叶蛾的研究

1984—1988年在果园开展了利用松毛虫赤眼蜂防治苹果小巷叶蛾的试验示范,放蜂面积7万余亩,卵块和卵粒寄生率分别达92.41和87.29％,虫果率仅2—3％,效果好于化学防治。果园放蜂以每亩设8—12个点,放蜂4次,总蜂最12万头,效果较好。P~(32)标记证明,赤眼蜂的扩散距高,在6小时内有61.96％的蜂分布在5米范围内,而24小时后则比较均匀地分布到30米的范围。     

羊痘病毒P32蛋白编码基因的克隆及表达

为获得山羊痘病毒膜蛋白重组P32抗原，根据其基因序列设计合成了1对特异性引物，对CaPVP32基因进行了PCR扩增，产物大小约为969bp；产物回收纯化后，将其克隆至pBAD／Thio—TOPO载体中，转化TOP10大肠埃希氏菌感受态细胞，与已报道的多株CaPVP32基因序列的同源性高达99％；相应地，氨基酸序列同源性为98％。经测序筛选出阳性克隆，该重组菌株经L—arabinose诱导，可稳定、高效地表达CaPVP32抗原。表达蛋白为融合蛋白，分子质量约51．53ku．     

基于BLDCM的智能播种控制系统设计

针对地轮驱动的玉米排种工作方式存在地轮打滑而造成漏播率增加的问题,设计了基于无刷直流电机驱动(Brushless Direct Current Motor,BLDCM)的智能播种控制系统。该系统以STM32单片机作为PID控制器的核心处理器,利用无刷直流电机作为排种器驱动源,并通过增量式编码器实时采集排种器的转速,同时利用霍尔传感器获取播种作业速度。为实现PID控制的最优化,在Simulink环境下建立无刷直流电机的仿真模型,并结合PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization,粒子群优化)算法对PID参数进行优化设计。仿真结果表明:经PSO整定后,PID控制器的阶跃响应效果良好,超调量为4%,调节时间为0.12s。田间试验结果表明:在低速、中速、高速和变速作业条件下,本电机驱动系统较传统地轮驱动系统在漏播指数方面分别降低了0.9%、1.1%、1.4%和1.3%,在播种合格指数方面分别提高了1.8%、3.8%、2.8%和1.7%。     

冬小麦群体根系32P吸收活力与群体光合速率关系的研究

利用同位素示踪技术,研究了冬小麦(鲁麦14)群体根系吸收活力和群体光合速率变化动态之间的关系。结果表明：返青到成熟,冬小麦群体根系32P吸收活力与群体光合速率符合回归方程y=2.050+1.641x(r=0. 8163* );群体根系32P吸收活力与根层14C光合产物集运速率显著相关((r=0.9629**),其变化主要受根层、茎层、叶层32P矿质集运速     

Root competition for phosphorus between coconut, multipurpose trees and Kacholam (Kaempferia galanga L.) in Kerala, India

The magnitude of root competition 17 year-old coconut palms suffer from three year-old inter-planted multipurpose trees, Vateria indica L., Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston. or Grevillea robusta A. Cunn. and kacholam (Kaempferia galanga L.), a herbaceous medicinal plant, was evaluated based on the extent of absorption of applied ³²P by the palms in sole and mixed crop situations. The multipurpose tree (MPT) species were grown under two planting geometries (single row and double row). The hypothesis that, when grown together, widespread root proliferation of coconut and multipurpose trees occurs in the well-fertilised kacholam beds was tested by root excavation. Interplanted MPTs substantially altered absorption of ³²P by coconut. Both Ailanthus and Vateria exerted a modest depressing effect, while Grevillea enhanced ³²P uptake by coconut. Single rows of MPTs also favoured ³²P recovery by coconut, presumably because of the increased root densities in the subsoil. Ailanthus, Vateria and Grevillea absorbed substantial ³²P. Overall, high ³²P absorption in the coconut-Grevillea plots indicates complementary root-level interactions between these species. ³²P absorption by MPTs was generally higher closer to the trees owing to the greater root concentration of the MPTs, which in turn suggests possible root interference between MPTs and coconut. Hence selection of tree species with low root competitiveness and/or trees with complementary root interaction is of strategic importance in agroforestry. Kacholam showed substantial ³²P content in its foliage. This ³²P appears to have been translocated by coconut into the kacholam beds where new coconut roots were abundant. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

山羊痘病毒p32基因原核表达及间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立

为了建立山羊痘病毒(GPV)抗体快速检测方法,本研究通过人工合成密码子优化的GPV p32基因,并在大肠杆菌中进行截短表达(p32-opti).表达的重组p32-opti蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,Western blot分析表明,p32-opti与GPV标准阳性血清具有良好的抗原性.以纯化的重组p32-opti蛋白作为ELISA包被抗原,建立间接ELISA抗体检测方法.该方法检测小反刍兽疫、蓝舌病和口蹄疫阳性血清均无交叉反应;与中和试验(VNT)比较,两者的符合率为95.7%;ELISA批内和批间重复性试验显示,OD值的变异系数小于10%.上述结果表明.该ELISA检测方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性和重复性.对来自黑龙江、内蒙古和新疆自治区的390份山羊和绵羊血清进行检测,抗体阳性率为80.2%,表明这些地区的山羊和绵羊群普遍存在羊痘病毒抗体.本研究建立的间接ELISA方法可用于GPV感染的流行病学调查以及疫苗接种动物的抗体水平监测.     

Translocation and distribution of P labelled potassium phosphonate in black pepper (Piper nigrum L)

The aim of this project was to study the translocation of potassium phosphonate within black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and to elucidate the amount of chemical distributed through out the plant based on a tracer technique. Potassium phosphonate is a potential fungicide used against the pathogen Phytophthora capsici, which causes Phytophthora foot rot (Quick wilt) in the plant. Reports indicate that translocation of phosphonate is ambimobile, but there is no visual evidence for this. Potassium phosphonate labelled with radioactive phosphorus, ³²P, was applied to the black pepper vine and bush pepper and its translocation to different parts of the pepper plant was studied using an autoradiography technique. The chemical which migrated to different parts of the plant was quantitatively estimated by measuring ³²P on a liquid scintillation spectrometer following Cerenkov counting. Only traces of the chemical were lost to the soil through root systems. These results indicate that foliar sprays of potassium phosphonate to pepper could be a viable method of application for soil and foliar pathogens.     

基于无线图像传输的智能侦察系统研究

参照卫星驱动机构使用的C36018固体润滑角接触球轴承,建立了三维模型,借助ABAQUS有限元软件,对固体润滑滚动轴承进行显式动力学仿真分析,得到了不同转速和轴向力下轴承各部件的动态接触应力及滚珠和内圈的运动状态,并与无涂层润滑条件下的结果进行了对比分析.结果表明：轴向载荷增加,轴承各个部件的应力幅值都有所增大,滚珠和保持架开始转动所需的时间缩短;转速增加,接触区域应力峰值变化频率增大,但对应力幅值的影响很小;具有固体润滑涂层的滚道接触面,在与滚珠发生接触时,涂层发生弹性变形,接触面积增大,接触应力减小,可以有效地保护轴承.     

人IL-32-IgG4（Fc）融合蛋白在CHO/DG44细胞中的表达

【目的】构建人白细胞介素32(IL-32)和IgG4 Fc段的融合基因真核表达载体IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOp-tiVEC,建立稳定转染的中华仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO/DG44)克隆,并检测其重组蛋白的表达。【方法】用PCR方法从脂多糖(LPS)激活的人CD4+T细胞cDNA中扩增出IL-32蛋白基因,并克隆到IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC载体上,构建重组质粒IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC,并进行酶切和测序鉴定。采用脂质体法,将重组质粒线性化后转染CHO/DG44细胞,进行RT-PCR检测,筛选阳性克隆,并对筛选的阳性克隆进行氨甲喋呤(MTX)加压筛选。利用ProteinG-Agarose亲和层析纯化转染CHO/DG44细胞培养上清液中的融合蛋白IL-32-IgG4(Fc),通过SDS-PAGE、Western-blot对融合蛋白IL-32-IgG4(Fc)的表达和生物学活性进行检测。【结果】PCR扩增获得了长度为564 bp的人IL-32蛋白基因cDNA,经测序与GenBank报道的序列一致。真核表达载体IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC经EcoRⅠ和XhoⅠ双酶切,获得了IL-32蛋白基因片段,其长度为564 bp。筛选出了能稳定表达IL-32-IgG4(Fc)融合蛋白的CHO/DG44细胞克隆。亲和纯化后的IL-32-IgG4(Fc)融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE和Western-blot鉴定,其分子质量约为50.0 ku,与预期结果一致。MTX加压后,IL-32-IgG4(Fc)融合蛋白的表达量明显升高。【结论】成功构建了人IL-32蛋白融合基因的真核表达载体IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC,获得了能够表达具有生物学活性的IL-32-IgG4(Fc)融合蛋白的CHO/DG44细胞克隆。