Effect of Freezing Snow Disaster on Forest Fuel and Fire Behavior in Southern China

After freezing snow disaster,stands of Pinus massoniana,Cunninghamia lanceolata. Liquidambar formosana,Cinnamomum camphora and Phyllostachys pubescens and new burned areas in Hunan Province were surveyed by setting field plots.Moisture content and fuel load were measured by sampling and fire behavior(such as rate of fire spread) was calculated.The results showed that fuel load got doubled instantly,fuel thickness enhanced,fuel continuity swelled and water content of fuel decreased as shrubs and herbs die...     

Reviews

Books reviewed: H.W. Arndt and Hal Hill (eds), Southeast Asia’s economic crisis: Origins, lessons and the way forward William Cline, Trade and income distribution Morris Goldstein, The Asian financial crisis: Causes, curses and systemic implications Lamont Lindstrom and James Gwero (eds), Big Wok: Storian blong Wol Wo Tu long Vanuatu     

唐代关中旱灾及其影响初探

根据地方灾害史料记载,统计出唐代关中旱灾的发生规律。结果表明:唐代290年的时间内,共发生旱灾112年次,可以按照旱灾发生的频率将唐代划分为五个阶段。关中旱灾的连续性特征非常明显,连续三年以上的干旱链现象突出。旱灾在月份和季节中的分布极不均匀,季节性连续干旱偏多。唐代关中旱灾灾情较为严重。频繁的旱灾给唐代关中地区的社会生活和自然环境带来了极大的影响。     

云南的石漠化土地及其治理策略

云南省有岩溶分布的县 115个 ,其中 6 3个县分布有石漠化土地 ,面积 2 14 9万km2 ,占全省国土面积的5 5 % ,石漠化地区生态环境恶化 ,自然灾害严重。近 5年来经多方治理取得了一定的成效 ,对今后石漠化土地的治理提出了若干建议。     

森林减少水灾效益评价(英文)

本文以森林内涵机理分析为基础，定义了森林减轻水灾的效益。通过对森林减轻水灾效益的 性质分析，指出对该效益的研究不能采用微观分析法，只能采用宏观分析法。利用1998年长 江发生特大洪水的案例，首次在较大的范围内，对森林减轻水灾的效益作出了科学地评价。 尽管恢复森林植被是控制洪水的基本途径，但森林减轻水灾的效益只相当于所有水利部门应 当承担总效益的5%。     

防灾生态学简论

为落实科学发展观,实现可持续发展的需要,在分析人类生态学难以发展的经验与教训的基础上,提出并定义了防灾生态学,定义了有关的概念,阐明了设立防灾生态学的目的、意义、研究内容和学科性质。认为该学科在初创时期至少应包括3个方面的内容:一是理论研究;二是监测、评价、预报研究;三是自然灾害的生态学防治途径和技术研究。并提出了3个主要研究内容的基本纲要。     

福建省重大林业有害生物灾害及应急管理对策

划分了福建省重大林业有害生物灾害类型,总结了重大林业有害生物灾害发生特点,并针对灾害发生形势和防控存在问题,阐述了应急管理的必要性,综合提出应急管理的对策。     

Risk management: A probe and study on forest fires

The subject of risk management is attracting more and more attention around the world. The risk of forest fire disasters should be faced and dealt with for forest fires cannot be avoided. Treating forest fire disasters as a risk management issue promotes important measures and methods for fire fighters to prevent, reduce and control the risks of forest fires. In this paper, the risk concept and risk connotation as well as the management risks for forest fire suppression are discussed clearly. Issues such as risk judgments, risk analysis, risk control and the assessment of risk, including their contents and corresponding methods are clarified. Translated from Forest Resources Management, 2006, 2: 24–27 [译自: 林业资源맜理]     

把林火灾害问题纳入风险管理范畴的探讨

风险管理正在成为全球关注的新学科。森林火灾不可避免,灾害风险不容回避,把林火灾害纳入风险管理范畴,是预防、减少和控制森林火灾的重要手段和措施。文中阐明了林火灾害风险及风险管理的概念和含义,明确了风险判识、风险分析、风险评估和风险控制特别是风险评估的内容与方法。     

Effect of snow cover on the distribution of non-migratory sika deer on the top of Mt. Tanzawa,Japan

On the basis of 268 direct sika deer observations and 212 ratio locations of three individuals, the influence of snow on deer distribution was studied. During the period of snow absence or its shallow cover, the deer did not show any preferences towards slope aspect. However, when the snow coverage became deeper, the deer used westerly exposures (having shallower snow cover) more intensively. Later on, when the snow started to melt on the easterly slope aspects deer mostly used those exposures due to relatively abundant food resources.