植物U-box蛋白研究进展

U-box结构是真核生物体内尤其是植物中广泛存在的一种高度保守的基序,其构象与RING-finger极其相似,两者都能发挥泛素连接酶E3的作用,促进底物蛋白泛素化降解。U-box基序还是泛素链聚集酶E4最主要的功能因子。在植物体内U-box经常与ARM重复耦联形成U-box/ARM结构,影响蛋白-蛋白互作,参与信号传导级联反应。许多植物U-box蛋白(PUB)能有效提高植株对干旱、高盐、异常温度等非生物胁迫的抵抗能力。此外,在植物对许多病原物的抗病反应中也需要U-box蛋白的参与。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌结构蛋白基因ApxIVA特异性片段的表达和纯化

以猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的血清8型分离株Hpn-405株基因组DNA为模板,PCR方法扩增ApxIVA特异性片段,PCR产物经纯化后与载体pMD18-T进行连接、转化,经酶切及序列分析鉴定后,亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a中,构建成重组表达质粒pET-ApxIVA3,转入到大肠埃希氏菌BL21(DE3)中,以IPTG进行诱导重组蛋白的表达,SDS-PAGE检测结果显示,表达的融合蛋白分子质量约为18 ku,与预期片段大小相符;将经过超声破碎的菌液离心取沉淀经尿素洗涤溶解后用镍金属螯合层析柱进行纯化。Western-blot分析证实,该融合蛋白具有免疫学活性。     

超声波辅助提取鲜红辣椒中辣椒素工艺优化

以鲜红辣椒S06为材料,采用超声波法从鲜红辣椒S06中提取辣椒素,通过单因素试验得出较佳的乙醇–石油醚溶剂混合比、料液比、提取温度和时间,再通过L₉(3⁴)正交试验优化辣椒素的提取工艺。结果表明：提取率最高的条件为乙醇–石油醚溶剂混合比为3∶7,料液比为1∶5.5,温度为60℃,时间为2.0h;纯度最高的条件为乙醇–石油醚溶剂混合比为3∶7,料液比为1∶5.5,温度为65℃,时间为1.5h;与传统的乙醇提取法相比较,提取率和纯度分别提高了27.8%和53.8%,辣椒素提取率达(4.961±0.232)‰,辣椒素纯度达(8.568±0.245)%。该方法能提高辣椒素的提取率,降低提取成本,改良生产工艺。     

崑嵛山野生黄伞蛋白质营养价值评价

黄伞[Pholiota adiposa (Fr.) Quél.],又名多脂鳞伞,柳蘑,是一种北方特有的野生珍稀食用菌.该菇味道鲜美,风味独特,富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、维生素及多种矿物质元素,尤其是菌盖表面有一种特殊的黏液.生化分析结果证明这种物质是一种核酸,对人体精力、脑力的恢复有效果[1].另外,黄伞多糖对小白鼠肉瘤180和艾氏腹水癌的抑制率达80%～90%,还可预防葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎杆菌和结核杆菌感染[2].     

小麦淀粉峰值粘度的选择指标

淀粉是小麦籽粒的主要成分,对面制食品的加工品质有重要影响.糊化特性是淀粉最重要的品质指标[1,2],而峰值粘度是衡量糊化特性的主要参数,与面条品质呈显著或极显著正相关[3～10],与馒头体积、比容、结构和评分亦呈显著或极显著正相关[8,11].     

蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响

研究蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响,为其在柑橘上的应用提供理论依据.以红美人杂柑为研究对象,以大豆蛋白水解氨基酸肥料为试验材料,从柑橘谢花2/3开始,隔20 d喷施一次蛋白水解氨基酸肥料800倍液,每处理开始喷施的时间相差20 d,年生长周期内每处理各喷施3次,用来研究蛋白水解氨基酸对红美人春梢叶片的叶绿...     

锦鲤尾鳍细胞系(KF-H)的建立

本研究建立了锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio)尾鳍细胞系。染色体数目、核型及DNA含量等实验,发现锦鲤体细胞和锦鲤培养细胞无显著性差异,染色体数目和DNA含量符合比例关系,建立的锦鲤尾鳍细胞系已形成了稳定的遗传性状,命名为KF-H。     

Influence of dietary protein levels on growth performance, carcass composition and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary protein levels on growth performance, carcass proximate composition and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima), a cyprinid fish. White fish meal was the primary protein source in the study. Eight experimental diets containing 13–55% crude protein were fed to three replicate groups of six fish weighing nearly 8.5 g each for 10 weeks. Both percentage weight gain and feed efficiency ratio increased significantly with increasing dietary protein levels up to 31%, but there was no further increase for protein levels from 31% to 55%. Application of broken‐line regression analysis to the percentage weight gain provided an estimate of 32.7±1.5% dietary protein for maximum growth. The protein efficiency ratio and productive lipid value were inversely correlated with dietary protein level. The hepatosomatic index and the viscerosomatic index were also inversely related to dietary protein level. The carcass protein of fish fed lower protein diets was significantly lower than that of the fish fed higher protein diets. Carcass lipid content decreased with increasing dietary protein levels, whereas moisture was inversely related to lipid content. Both liver glycogen and liver lipid contents decreased with increasing dietary protein levels. Triglyceride was the major component in the liver lipid, and the amount of triglyceride deposited in the liver also decreased with dietary protein levels. The results indicated that both carcass proximate composition and liver lipid class of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi were affected by dietary treatments.     

Apparent digestibility of protein, energy, and amino acids in some selected feed ingredients for pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus

The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of amino acids (AA), protein, and energy in six feed ingredients (Brazilian fish meal, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, alcoholic yeast, corn, and wheat bran) we evaluated for pacu juveniles. In general, all ingredients showed high digestibility values for all AA, and differences among ADCs of individual amino acid were detected ( P  < 0.01). Corn gluten, soybean, and fish meals had the highest ADCs of AA. The ADCs of protein in fish meal, yeast, and corn gluten meal should not be used as AA digestibility indicators, because those showed differences up to 6.7% between the ADCs of protein and AA. All ingredients had lower ADCs of energy than corn gluten meal ( P  < 0.01). Lysine was the first limiting amino acid in fish meal, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, and corn, and the second limiting amino acid in soybean meal, as methionine was the first limiting amino acid in soybean meal and yeast. However, the soybean meal was the best quality protein source, as it had the highest digestible essential amino acid index. This demonstrated that digestible amino acid values can be used to formulate practical diets for pacu, preventing potential deficiencies or excess that might cause environmental and economic losses.     

利用GoldenGate分析的高通量SNP芯片对鲤基因进行分型

单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)标记在大多数物种基因组中数量巨大且分布均匀,是许多水产物种遗传研究的理想标记,因此快速发展了几种高通量、快速的SNP标记分型平台。本研究利用Golden Gate分析技术对鲤Cyprinus carpio转录组测序的1 536个SNP标记合成了一张中等密度SNP芯片,对5个鲤群体的480份样本进行基因分型。结果表明:1 235个SNP标记成功分型,约占80%;915个标记至少在一个家系中呈现多态性,占74.1%;标记最小等位基因频率(MAF)介于0.05~0.5之间,平均为0.334,其中48.9%的标记最小等位基因频率(MAF)大于平均值;5个群体中SNP标记平均多态性信息含量(PIC)在0.3左右,为中度多态,杂合度为0.010~0.990,平均为0.5左右,暗示群体具有丰富的遗传多态性,育种价值及性状改良潜力很大。本研究分型的多态性SNP标记可广泛应用于遗传多样性研究、标记-性状关联分析以及分子标记辅助育种。