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11.
为了能改善水质、渔业增殖和修复生态环境,EM菌的应用得到了广泛的关注,成为近几年研究的热点。鉴于此,本研究系统梳理了EM菌的定义及来源,综述了国内外近几十年EM菌在水产养殖中的作用效果及其作用机理,阐述了影响EM菌作用效果的因素等;发现EM菌在调控微生物生态结构、降低水环境中有害物质、提高免疫、增重增产等方面有着显著的效果,但EM菌技术的基础理论研究还比较薄弱,且生产技术及应用过程等还存在着不足。因此今后应提高生产技术,建立和提高筛选系统,并开发EM菌在水产养殖研究和应用的新领域,为水产养殖创造更大的经济价值,并为可持续养殖提供可能。 相似文献
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Participation in conservation programs is often viewed as a necessity, but understanding of this participation is limited. This research takes a different approach by also examining participation in non-conservation-related activities. Questionnaires (N = 339) were administered in four Brazilian coastal communities where the national sea turtle conservation project conducts monitoring and outreach. Employing social capital as a conceptual framework, measurements included participation in civic, community, and social activities along with group participation and collective action. Confirmatory factor analysis was used for validating measures of social capital and conservation perceptions. Structural equation modeling indicated that social capital has a positive relationship with participation in sea turtle conservation, suggesting that general levels of participation and community norms of participation could be just as influential as conservation perceptions to engage communities in conservation. Information gained by deconstructing participation may be used to design and target conservation programs, improving overall participation. 相似文献
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Maria Johansson Sabrina Dressel Emma Kvastegård Göran Ericsson Anke Fischer Bjørn P. Kaltenborn 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2016,21(2):158-168
European researchers from both the natural and social sciences show growing interest in studying interactions between society and wildlife. A wealth of theoretical frameworks, concepts, and methods are used, but an integration of perspectives is lacking. This research note summarizes results from two workshops that included 63 delegates from 25 European countries, as well as a follow-up survey of 41 respondents. Two main theoretical approaches to the study of human–wildlife interactions were identified. One approach focuses on the collective societal level relying on theories of governance, social representation, deliberative procedures, and commons theory. The other approach targets individuals or groups, and is based on theories such as the cognitive hierarchy, theory of reasoned action, and theory of planned behavior. Interdisciplinary collaboration is needed to identify the best options for wildlife conservation and management in a more politically integrated Europe. 相似文献
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Audit takes a unique status and has obvious function in financial surveillance system.The Audit is used to superintend the factuality,validity and virtue of fiscal and financial income and expenses.In the renewed China Audit law the functions and status of official audit have been intensified,and the qualification and status of Audit department as executing office is confirmed.This paper analyzed the official construction project audit's function and legal status. 相似文献
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Richard J. Martin Achim Harder Michael Londershausen Peter Jeschke 《Pest management science》1996,48(4):343-349
The cyclic depsipeptide PF1022A, given orally to mice, showed very good anthelmintic activity against Heligmosomoides polygyrus and Heterakis spumosa at 50 mg kg−1. In vitro, PF1022A was very active against Trichinella spiralis and had good activity against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis at 1 μg ml−1. An 18-membered enniatin analogue, JES 1798, showed good activity only against N. brasiliensis at 10 μg ml−1. The optical antipode of PF1022A had poor activity even at 100 μg ml−1. The effects of PF1022A on the membrane potential and input conductance of somatic muscle of Ascaris suum were examined using a two-microelectrode current-clamp technique. PF1022A did not antagonize the effects of the selective nicotinic agonist levamisole. PF1022A and an analogue, JES 1798, but not the PF1022A antipode, produced a small time-dependent increase in input conductance associated with no potential change. The increase in input conductance did not occur in the Cl−-free bathing solution, suggesting that the increase in input conductance was mediated by Cl− ions. The addition of high concentrations of Ca2+ to the preparation after the addition of PF1022A did not lead to production of Ca2+-activated Cl− channels, suggesting that its mode of action was not that of a Ca2+ ionophore. The mechanism by which the cyclic depsipeptide might increase the Cl− conductance is discussed. 相似文献
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石菖蒲提取物对玉米象的驱避和触杀作用 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
测定了石菖蒲4种溶剂提取物对玉米象成虫的驱避和触杀作用。结果表明:石菖蒲的4种溶剂提取物对玉米象成虫均有很好的驱避效果,60 h驱避等级均达到Ⅲ和Ⅳ级。4种溶剂的提取物均对玉米象成虫有明显的触杀作用,毒力回归方程及LC50分别为:无水乙醇提取物:y=4.37 2.13x,1.97 mg/cm2;丙酮提取物:y=4.53 1.42x,2.14 mg/cm2;乙酸乙脂提取物:y=4.52 2.10x,1.69 mg/cm2;石油醚提取物:y=4.23 2.32x,2.15 mg/cm2。 相似文献
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通过对5年生杉木6×6全双列杂交(Griffing Ⅲ)试验林的调查与分析,研究杉木若干性状的遗传与变异规律,并筛选决定理想株型的重要树冠结构因子,为杂交育种和杉木理想株型无性系选育提供科学依据。运用转化分析法来处理不平衡试验数据,结合配合力分析法、相关分析法和通径分析法,研究杉木遗传变异、基因作用方式和重要树冠因子的选择。通过对杉木若干性状进行研究,获得了不同性状遗传变异大小。结果表明,杉木材积、枝下高和饱满度等性状具有中度遗传变性,树高、胸径具有窄的遗传变异性,同时杉木改良性状具有中度以上的遗传力,因此杉木生长形质性状宜采用连续多世代改良;在杉木生长、形质性状和树冠结构性状中,12个研究性状有8个重要性状的基因作用方式以非加性遗传基因效应为主,杉木高世代育种亲本是多世代与高强度选择的产物,杂合体居多,杉木的多性状、高世代遗传改良以杂交育种为主;生长、形质和树冠结构性状间具有明显的遗传相关性,通径分析揭示:决定杉木理想株型育种中重要树冠结构性状是冠形率和树冠表面积大小。由此可见:杉木多性状、多世代连续改良以杂交育种为主,杉木无性系理想株型选择时,应注重冠形率和树冠表面积的作用。 相似文献
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通过对木材进行封闭处理,在木材表面进行真空磁控溅射镀膜金属试验,在保持木材本身天然特性的同时,使其具有抗电磁辐射功能。对桐木胶合板进行单侧面和双侧面镀铜、铝膜试验,测试其电磁屏蔽效能。结果表明:三聚氰胺甲醛树脂与硅烷偶联剂混合物质对木材进行封闭,真空室的真空度10-2~10-4MPa,靶材温度为200℃,溅射时间为90s的工艺参数理想,获得的薄膜厚度为30μm,木材表层镀铜或是镀铝,双侧镀还是单侧镀,在30MHz~1.5GHZ频段之间,电磁屏蔽效能都能达到30dB以上,满足电磁屏蔽要求。双侧面的效果大于单侧面的效果,镀铜的效果大于镀铝的效果。 相似文献