蒲公英染色体核型分析

蒲公英的染色体核型国内一直未见报道 ,通过对其中期染色体形态的研究 ,得知其核型为 2n =2M 1 6m 4sm 4st=2 6。     

南方三省(区)南洋楹气候区划的研究

选择纬度、经度以及16个与水热状况有关的气象因子进行R型主成分分析,用前5个主成分坐标值进行模糊ISODATA聚类分析,将研究区划分为3类;用逐步判别分析建立了各类的判别函数式,回判准确率为91.81%;结合模糊相似优先比的结果,将研究区区划为南洋楹适宜发展区、南洋次适宜发展和南洋楹控制发展区3个气候区.     

云南松花粉精粉及其加工产品的成分分析及评价

对以云南松破壁松花粉为原料 ,采用具创新性生物技术研制的云南松花粉脂提物精粉、活性酶精粉、黄酮精粉、营养及活性物质精粉 ,以及用此 4种精粉经加工而获得的亚油酸软胶囊、口服 0 #胶囊、黄酮药片 (胶囊 )、精粉口服液和松花粉酮酒 5种产品的成分进行了分析 ,了解到它们相关成分的含量。分析结果表明 ,4种云南松花粉精粉具有速溶性好、营养及生物活性物质集中的特点 ,其主要营养及生物活性物质含量数倍于破壁松花粉。以其为原料加工的各项产品很好地保留了精粉的主要功能成分 ,因而对人体具有更高的保健、医疗功效。     

剪枝机液压缸缸体有限元分析

建立了剪枝机液压缸缸体的有限元力学模型，通过有限元分析得出液压缸缸体的危险点位置，为液压缸缸体的设计和计算提供了理论依据。     

唐山市曹妃甸区水资源开发利用评价分析

本文对河北省唐山市曹妃甸区的水资源量、供水、用水以及水资源开发利用情况进行了调查分析,研究了本地区的水资源特点.通过对曹妃甸区生活、工业、农业等用水情况的分析和研究,指出了水资源开发利用中存在的问题,并提出了有效解决曹妃甸区未来水资源紧缺的合理化建议,目的是为合理开发利用水资源,制定和完善水环境保护措施,实现曹妃甸地区经济的可持续发展提供参考依据.     

云南祥云水目山鸟类多样性研究

结合样线法和样点法、红外相机陷阱法对云南祥云水目山的鸟类资源进行调查。调查结果,共记录鸟类77种（或亚种）,分属9目27科,其中以雀形目鹟科鸟类种数最多,为29种,占记录种数的37.7%。统计结果,居留类型属于留鸟的有64种;区系划分中东洋种鸟类有70种;有8种列入国家重点保护野生动物名录,国家一级重点保护鸟类1种黑颈长尾雉（Syrmaticus humiae）,属祥云县境内首次发现,其余7种为国家二级重点保护鸟类。多样性分析结果,在不同生境中,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数变化趋势为：针叶林＞阔叶林＞灌丛＞农田;而Simpson优势度指数变化趋势相反。受宗教文化影响,一些珍稀濒危物种得以保存。     

柳州市市辖区古树名木资源特征分析

通过对柳州市市辖区古树名木资源特征进行分析,结果显示,古树名木共有2 236株,隶属29科、42属、52种;古树树龄呈金字塔结构;国家级重点保护树种6种,共285株;古树名木生长状况良好,树高整体呈近似正态分布,胸径与冠幅呈正偏态分布;古树名木权属以国有为主,各市辖区古树名木数量分布存在明显差异;古树名木主要集中在远郊野外,以群团状分布为主。针对市辖区古树名木存在的问题提出了加强技术指导、制定古树保护管理手册、提高意识等建议。     

Why is the productivity of Douglas-fir higher in New Zealand than in its native range in the Pacific Northwest,USA?

Douglas-fir (Pseudotusga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), a native to the Pacific Coast Range in North America, is recognized as a tree that is long-lived and can grow rapidly to standing volumes that approach the highest recorded for temperate conifers. Managed plantations in western Oregon register maximum periodic annual increments (PAI) at ages between 20 and 40 years of ∼30 m³ ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. The same seed source, when planted in New Zealand and elsewhere in the Southern Hemisphere, may attain a PAI of ∼50 m³ ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Is this higher productivity mainly related to climate or to isolation from native pests? To evaluate the role of climate, we obtained meteorological data from plantation sites in New Zealand and Oregon, from which we established relationships between mean monthly temperature extremes and solar irradiance, air humidity deficits, and frost frequency. Using these empirical relationships, long-term weather records were converted to the meteorological variables required to drive a process-based forest growth model, 3-PG, for sites approaching the most productive in New Zealand and in Oregon. Annual precipitation is similar in both areas, but sites in Oregon receive only 10% during the growing season, resulting in humidity deficits 30% larger than those recorded in New Zealand. According to sensitivity analyses and direct measurements, the more productive Douglas-fir forests in Oregon avoid the limiting effects of summer drought by obtaining water from the subsoil and fractured bedrock. If such forests were under a reduced evaporative demand similar to that in New Zealand, we show that they would exhibit comparable productivity.     

The contribution of structural indices to the modelling of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) and birch (Betula spp.) crowns

Crown dimensions are important for the quantification of tree interactions in some growth models. This study investigates the potential for structural indices and other spatial measures to improve the prediction of crown radius and crown length for birch (Betula spp.) and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) in forests in Wales. Crown dimensions were measured for 125 birch and 154 spruce in six fully stem-mapped research plots. These data were used to test the performance of a crown radius model and a crown length model which estimated crown dimensions on the basis of allometric relationships with stem dimensions. Spatial data from the six plots were used to calculate the structural indices mean directional index, diameter correlation index, species mingling, dbh and height dominance, and dbh differentiation, as well as the Hegyi competition index, and basal area of neighbours and larger neighbours, for each crown measurement sample tree, using various numbers of nearest neighbours. Two non-spatial indices, BAL and BALMOD, were also calculated for all sample trees for comparison. These spatial and non-spatial variables were then incorporated into modified crown dimension models. Model performances, in terms of efficiency and relative bias, were compared to determine whether the inclusion of spatial or non-spatial variables resulted in any improvements over models using tree dimensions alone. Crown length and radius were found to be correlated with most of the spatial measures studied. Models incorporating spatial variables gave improvements in performance over allometric models for every data set, and performed more consistently than models containing non-spatial variables. The greatest improvements were achieved for suppressed birch in unthinned forests which had irregularly shaped and strongly displaced crowns. The spatial variable contributing to the most efficient model for each data set varied widely. This points to the complexity of tree spatial interactions and indicates that there is a great deal of scope for investigating other structural indices and crown dimension model forms.     

不同竹龄毛竹增强相的动态热机械研究

利用动态热机械分析仪检测不同竹龄的毛竹,实验证明:在常温条件下,毛竹竹青的刚性随毛竹竹龄的增加而增加,当毛竹到了一定竹龄后,其竹青的刚性渐渐趋于稳定。一般5~6年生的成熟毛竹的竹青部分的常温存储模量位于10¹⁰Pa(10GPa)数量级以上,一般能满足做为风力发电叶片复合材料中增强相材料的使用。因此,最佳的风力发电叶片复合材料增强相材料是5~6年生的成熟毛竹。