散热器的应用

本文介绍了散热器的种类、现状及发展前景,特别介绍了钢制、铝制散热器的应用场合。     

垂柳锈病的研究

垂柳锈病近年来在内蒙古地区垂柳（ＳａｌｉｘｂａｂｙｌｏｎｉｃａＬ．）上发生严重。经接种试验结果和形态特征观察,该病是由鞘锈状栅锈菌（ＭｅｌａｍｐｓｏｒａｃｏｌｅｏｓｐｏｒｉｏｉｄｅｓＤｉｅｔ．）为害所致。病原菌的性孢子、锈孢子（０、Ⅰ）阶段发生在紫堇（ＣｏｒｙｄａｌｉｓｂｕｎｇｅａｎａＴｕｒｃｚ．）上,夏孢子、冬孢子（Ⅱ、Ⅲ）阶段发生在垂柳上。首次发现紫堇是垂柳锈病菌的转主寄主。采用２５％粉锈宁８００倍液对垂柳锈病的防治效果较好。用２．４—Ｄ丁酯１０００倍液防治转主寄主紫堇效果较为理想。     

五针松疱锈病病原菌生活史的计算机模拟

利用计算机动画技术对红松疱锈病（ＰｉｍｕｓＫｏｒａｉｅｎｓｉｓｂｌｉｓｔｅｒｒｕｓｔ）病原菌茶生柱锈病（Ｃｒｏｎａｒｔｉｕｍｒｉｂｉｃｏｌａ）生活史进行了计算机模拟,概述了模拟的内容、方法、过程、特点等,并展望了这一技术的应用前景。     

小麦慢条锈品种成株期抗性组分分析

经2001-2003年对典型慢条锈品种成株期抗性组分测定结果表明,慢条锈品种具有如下特征:反应型和普遍率与快条锈品种差异不大,但病情指数低且上升速度缓慢;侵染点数少;潜育期相对较长;相对寄生适合度较小;对产量构成因素的影响不大等特点。提出了潜育期和病情指数是田间鉴定品种慢条锈性与否的简易、快速方法。     

小麦品系P81抗条锈性遗传分析

小麦条锈病是小麦生产中最重要的病害,培育抗病品种是防治条锈病的有效措施。小麦品系P81在苗期和成株期对当前流行的条锈菌小种条中30、31和32均表现免疫。以感病品种川麦28、Taichung29作母本,P81作父本通过杂交分别配制了F1、F2和BC1、BC2代,用人工接种方法研究P81及其杂交后代对条中32号的苗期抗性并进行了遗传分析;同时,将P81分别与含有抗条锈基因的Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr26材料进行杂交配制F2,用条中32号小种对其F2进行抗感鉴定,确定抗性基因的等位性。结果表明,P81与川麦28、Taichung29杂交F1代植株对条锈菌条中32号小种表现出与P81相似的高抗,说明P81中的抗条锈基因为显性表达。根据P81与川麦28、Taichung29杂交的F2、BC1、BC2代植株的抗性分离情况及F1代植株及亲本的抗性表现,说明P81对条中32号的抗性由1对显性抗条锈病基因控制;用条中32号小种接种鉴定P81与已知抗锈基因Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr26构建的F2群体时均出现了感病植株,说明P81中的抗条锈病基因与Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr26不相同;系谱分析表明,该基因来源于叙利亚普通小麦品系叙29。     

Synthesis of benzylaminopyrimidines and their fungicidal activities against wheat brown rust and barley powdery mildew

Members of a new class of fungicide containing benzylaminopyrimidine as a core structure were synthesized and their fungicidal potencies against wheat brown rust, Puccinia recondita, and barley powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis, were assessed. Among these fungicides, N-(fluoroalkoxy or fluorophenoxybenzyl)-4-pyrimidinamines showed notable preventive activities. The potency of the new pyrimidines was increased when a difluoromethoxy or tetrafluorophenoxy group was introduced at the 4- or 3-position of the phenyl moiety and a methyl or ethyl group was introduced at the benzyl position. Structure–activity relationships are discussed. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry     

锈寄生菌对杨柴锈病菌的寄生及控病作用

杨柴锈病(Uromyceshedysari-mongoliciYuan.)是毛乌素沙地先锋固沙树种杨柴(HedysarummongolicumTurcz.)的重要病害。由于受其危害,使杨柴提早落叶、枝条枯死,严重影响了杨柴的生长发育,给治沙造林生产带来很大损失。锈寄生菌(Sphaerellopsisfilum(Biv.-Bern.exFr.)Sutto...     

三个小麦-簇毛麦易位系抗条锈性遗传及基因间关系分析

采用8个我国当前流行的条锈菌生理小种(菌系)对三个易位系进行抗锈性评价,并用CYR30、CYR31、Su-4和单孢菌系CYR32-6对三个易位系与感病品种铭贤169配制的F1、BC,1F1和F2代株系以及三个易位系之间双列杂交的F2株系进行遗传分析和等位性分析.结果表明:三个易位系是优秀的小麦抗条锈病资源;V9128-1对CYR30、CYR32-6和Su-4的抗病性由1对显性基因控制,对CYR31的抗病性由1显1隐2对基因独立控制,V9128-3对四个菌系的抗病性均由1对显性基因控制,V3对CYR32-6和Su-4的抗病性均由2对显性基因互补作用控制,对CYR31的抗病性由1显1隐2对基因独立控制或由1对显性基因控制;V9128-1与V9128-3对CYR31、CYR32-6和Su-4有相同或紧密连锁的抗病基因,且对CYR30、CYR32-6和Su-4的抗病基因与V3都不同.但与V3含有相同或紧密连锁的抗CYR31基因.     

White rust of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ipomoea</Emphasis> caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">A. ipomoeae-hardwickii</Emphasis> and their host specificity

In some areas of Japan, yellow spots with white pustules on leaves, stems, petioles, peduncles and calyces were found on Ipomoea nil, I. triloba, I. lacunosa and I. hederacea var. integriuscula. We demonstrated that the diseases on I. nil, I. triloba and I. lacunosa were caused by host-specific strains of Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae and defined three forma speciales of the fungus, respectively, for the three Ipomoea species: “f. sp. nile”, “f. sp. trilobae” and “f. sp. lacunosae”. Because the diseases were new to Japan, we coined the Japanese name “shirosabi-byo”, which means white rust. We also showed that the disease on I. hederacea var. integriuscula was caused by A. ipomoeae-hardwickii. We named this new disease “white rust (shirosabi-byo in Japanese)”.     

两种抗锈病小麦品系生理生化特性的比较

小麦是中国的主要粮食作物之一,四川盆地麦区在小麦生育后期常遇阴雨多湿天气,锈病等真菌病害蔓延迅速,常导致旗叶和倒二叶为主的冠层叶感病早衰、籽粒灌浆不足而严重减产,因此长期以来锈病一直是小麦有害生物综合防治的主要对象[1].许多学者已在小麦锈病的菌物学[2]、分子生物学[3]等方面的研究取得了很大进展.