不同粗饲料日粮对西门塔尔繁殖母牛瘤胃发酵和血液指标的影响

[目的] 分析不同粗饲料日粮对西门塔尔繁殖母牛瘤胃液pH值、瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸含量及血液指标的影响。[方法] 选择体重相近的西门塔尔繁殖母牛18头,按同质原则分为3组,每组6头。日粮1组粗饲料为干玉米秸秆,日粮2组粗饲料为全株玉米青贮,日粮3组粗饲料为全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆。预试期14 d,正试期42 d。采集试验牛的瘤胃液和血液样本,进行瘤胃液pH值、挥发性脂肪酸（volatile fatty acid,VFA）含量及血液指标测定。[结果] 3组繁殖母牛的瘤胃液pH值差异不显著（P> 0.05）。全株玉米青贮组的瘤胃内乙酸含量显著（P<0.05）高于干玉米秸秆组,全株玉米青贮组和全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆组的瘤胃内丙酸含量显著（P<0.05）高于干玉米秸秆组,全株玉米青贮组的瘤胃内正丁酸和异丁酸含量显著（P<0.05）高于其他组。干玉米秸秆组的血清SOD活力和T-AOC活力显著（P<0.05）低于其他组,GSH-Px活力显著（P<0.05）低于全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆组。干玉米秸秆组血清中的铁（Fe）和锌（Zn）含量显著（P<0.05）低于全株玉米青贮组,干玉米秸秆组和全株玉米青贮组血清中的硒（Se）含量显著（P<0.05）高于全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆组。干玉米秸秆组血清中VD和VE含量显著（P<0.05）低于其他组。[结论] 饲喂以全株玉米青贮或者全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆为粗饲料的日粮,西门塔尔繁殖母牛的瘤胃发酵和血液生化指标优于饲喂以干玉米秸秆为主要粗饲料的日粮。结合饲养成本和农区粗饲料供给情况,生产中推荐全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆的粗饲料饲喂模式。     

Effects of dietary concentrate level and chromium-methionine supplementation on ruminal fermentation,and ruminal bacterial and fatty acid composition in Tan lambs北大核心CSCD

This study evaluated the effects of dietary concentrate level and chromium methionine(Cr-Met)supplementation on ruminal fermentation and fatty acid composition, and ruminal bacteria abundance in Tan lambs. Forty male Tan lambs [(21.00±1.23) kg body weight, 5 months of age] were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with 10 lambs in each treatment. The treatments were: a low-concentrate (LC) diet (concentrate:forage, 35:65) without Cr-Met supplementation; a high-concentrate (HC) diet (concentrate:forage, 55:45) without Cr-Met supplementation; groups fed the HC diet with 0.75 or 1.50 g·d-1·lamb-1 Cr-Met (HCM and HCH, respectively). Ruminal fluid was collected on day 65 with an oral stomach tube about 3 h after the morning feed and samples used for fermentation analysis, fatty acid composition determination and bacterial DNA extraction. It was found that: 1) Ruminal pH, acetate proportion and acetate:propionate were greater (P<0.05) with the LC diet whereas microbial crude protein, propionate and valerate proportions were greater (P<0.05) with the HC diet. The acetate:propionate was greater (P<0.05) in the HCM group than in the HC group. 2) For the HC diet, the DNA abundances of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens vaccenic acid subgroup (Butyrivibrio VA) and Ruminococcus flavefaciens were decreased (P<0.05), compared with the LC diet, whereas the DNA abundance of Anaerovibrio lipolytica was increased (P<0.05). For lambs fed the HC diet, DNA abundances of B. fibrisolvens stearic acid subgroup, Butyrivibrio VA, Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus, and A. lipolytica showed a linear decrease (P<0.05) with increasing Cr-Met supplementation level; However, the DNA abundance of R. flavefaciens showed a linear increase (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the LC group, the concentrations of t11 C18:1, trans C18:1, c9t11 CLA, t10c12 CLA, C18:2n6, and C18:3n3 were decreased by the HC diet without Cr-Met supplementation whereas the concentration of C18:0 was increased. There was a linear increase in t11 C18:1 and trans C18:1 with increasing Cr-Met supplementation level in lambs fed the HC diet. The results suggest that the HC diet inhibited the growth of ruminal bacteria involved in the ruminal biohydrogenation process, and the addition of Cr-Met had a potentially positive effect on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) synthesis in body tissue. © 2022, Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved.