Research Progress of Effects of Maternal Supplementing Rumen-Protected Methionine during Transition Period on Growth and Development of Young Ruminant and Regulatory Mechanism北大核心CSCD

围产期是反刍动物重要的生理阶段,研究发现反刍动物围产期补饲过瘤胃蛋氨酸(RPM)不仅对母体具有显著的营养调控作用,对幼畜的生长发育、机体健康和产品品质等也有重要影响。因此,本文从RPM的营养调控功能,围产期补饲RPM调控母体、胎儿后期及幼龄阶段的影响及调控机制进行综述,以期进一步为反刍动物围产期营养调控研究提供理论依据。     

Manganese methionine hydroxy analog chelated affects growth performance,trace element deposition and expression of related transporters of broilers

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of manganese methionine hydroxyl analog chelated (Mn-MHAC) as a manganese (Mn) source on growth performance and trace element deposition in broilers. A total of 432 Arbor Acres commercial female broilers were fed a basal corn-soybean diet containing Mn at 25.64 mg/kg diet for 10 d. They were then randomly assigned to 6 groups, including a control group (the basal diet), a Mn sulfate group (the basal diet supplemented with Mn at 100 mg/kg diet), and 4 Mn-MHAC groups (the basal diet supplemented with Mn-MHAC at 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg Mn/kg diet, respectively). The results showed that compared with the control group, groups supplemented with Mn-MHAC had a positive effect on BW (quadratic, P = 0.017) and ADG (quadratic, P = 0.017). Moreover, the Mn-MHAC (50 mg Mn/kg diet) group had significantly greater BW and ADG (P < 0.05) compared with the other Mn-MHAC groups. Trace element deposition results also showed that tibial Mn increased (linear or quadratic, P = 0.002 and 0.009, respectively) in groups fed diets with increased levels of Mn-MHAC. In contrast, Fe deposition decreased both in the heart (linear, P = 0.020) and tibia (P < 0.05). In addition, the Mn-MHAC supplement noticeably lowered serum Mn-SOD activity (linear or quadratic, P = 0.048 and 0.019, respectively). The relative mRNA levels of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) (P = 0.024), ferroportin 1 (FPN1) (P = 0.049), and Cu transporter-1(CTR1) (P < 0.001) in the duodenum, as well as CTR1 in the jejunum and ileum (P = 0.040 and 0.011, respectively) were higher in the Mn-supplemented group than in the control group. Furthermore, the relative mRNA level of DMT1 in the jejunum and ileum of broilers in the Mn-MHAC group (50 mg Mn/kg diet) did not differ from those in the control group, but was lower than those in the Mn sulfate group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Mn-MHAC dietary supplementation improved the growth performance and trace element deposition in broilers. From this study, we recommend the optimum Mn-MHAC level to meet the Mn requirement of broilers is 50 to 75 mg Mn/kg diet.     

蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸对丝尾鳠生长性能、蛋氨酸代谢和蛋白质代谢的影响

本项目组前期试验表明,基础饲料[0.5%蛋氨酸(Met)]添加0~1.5% Met对丝尾鳠生长和生理生化指标无影响,这与传统营养学相悖。本试验在基础饲料中添加晶体氨基酸,配制四种饲料[对照组(Con)、缺蛋氨酸组(-Met)、缺半胱氨酸组(-Cys)、缺Met+Cys组-(Met+Cys)],确定Met是否为其必需氨基酸。试验表明：Con和-Cys增重率、摄食率和蛋白质效率均显著高于-Met和-(Met+Cys);反之,其饲料系数显著低于-Met和-(Met+Cys)。-Met和-(Met+Cys)肝脏脂肪酶活性显著低于Con;-Cys二糖酶活性显著高于Con。Con肝脏AMPD活性显著低于-(Met+Cys);反之,-(Met+Cys)组ALT活性显著高于其他组; -Met组MAT、CBS活性显著高于其他组;-(Met+Cys)组BHMT活性显著高于Con和-Cys。综上,缺蛋氨酸显著降低丝尾鳠生长,对蛋白质代谢和抗氧化功能也有负面影响。因此,蛋氨酸是丝尾鳠的必需氨基酸。     

PGMS水稻在长短日照下Arg,Met的含量变化

对光敏核不育水稻农垦５８ｓ进行长、短日照处理并测定叶片、叶鞘多胺合成前体Ａｒｇ、ｍｅｔ的含量。结果表明，长日不育株叶片中Ａｒｇ含量显著高于短日可育株；Ｍｅｔ含是出现最大值的时期长日不育株为减数分裂期，短日可育株为二次枝梗和颗花原基分化期；Ｍｅｔ含是 体上是短日可育株高于长日不育株。