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31.
32.
大型Sou的总脂和脂肪酸组成随食物的变化及营养强化的实施而发生显著变化。酵母组总脂为2.5%,明显高于海水小球藻组(1.65%)和有机肥组(1.5%)。经鱼油强化或海水小球藻二次培养后脂类含量明显升高。三组中酵母组的MUFA含量是高为55%。主要是C16:1ω9(23%),而PUFA最低(16.6%),其中EPA(2.7%)、DHA(0.8%)等ω3HUFA含量均很低;与酵母组相比,海水小球藻组和有机肥组的MUFA含量显著下降,PUFA含量显著升高,均为30%-33%左右,三组中海水小球藻组EPA含量最高(14%),其次是有机肥组(5.9%)和酵母组(2.7%);有机肥组DHA含量最高,达11.7%,而酵母组和海水小球藻组DHA含量均低,仅为0.7%-0.8%。经鱼油强化后,酵母组的MUFA含量显著下降,PUFA显著升高,EPA由2.7%提高到10%左右,DHA由0.8%以7%;酵母组经海水小球藻二次培养后MUFA显著降低,PUFA相应升高,EPA由2.7%提高到9.7%,而DHA含量无变化。 相似文献
33.
脱毒桐籽饼(粕)蛋白质及能量营养价值评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选用8头30kg的阉公猪和6只1.7kg的伊莎褐公鸡分别对3种脱毒桐籽饼(粕)Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ的蛋白质、氨基酸消化率、代谢率进行了测定。结果表明 :3种脱毒桐饼(粕)Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ的蛋白质含量分别为31.17 %、35.12 %和23.98 % ;总氨基酸含量为226.93mg/g、278.38mg/g和178.71mg/g,其中赖氨酸含量4.14mg/g、5.01mg/g和3.47mg/g ,蛋氨酸含量为1.24mg/g、1.33mg/g和0.92mg/g ;能量(GE)为17.72kJ/g、16.42kJ/g 和18.02kJ/g。脱毒桐粕Ⅰ的蛋白质消化率为75.15 % ,消化能为12.85MJ/kg;脱毒桐饼(粕)Ⅰ、Ⅱ的表观代谢能分别为4.88MJ/kg 和6.29MJ/kg,真代谢能为5.53MJ/kg 与6.94MJ/kg。3种脱毒桐饼(粕)的氨基酸之间存在不平衡状况 ,从限制性氨基酸的角度来看 ,脱毒桐饼(粕)的第一限制性氨基酸是蛋氨酸、第二限制性氨基酸为赖氨酸。 相似文献
34.
东北梅花鹿茸不同部位水解氨基酸含量的比较分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
对 10支东北梅花鹿茸作了不同部位水解氨基酸含量的比较分析 ,结果表明 ,水解氨基酸含量在东北梅花鹿茸腊片、粉片、血片和骨片各部位之间差异极显著 (P <0 0 1)。 相似文献
35.
36.
低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮对早期断奶仔猪腹泻和生产性能的影响 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
《中国畜牧杂志》1995,(4):11-13
本研究选用18头28±1日龄断奶的杂交仔猪(平均体重约5.5kg),研究低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮对早期断奶仔猪腹泻和生产性能的影响。试验结果显示:(1)低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮使仔猪血浆挥发性盐基氨含量、血浆尿素氨含量和腹泻指数降低(P<0.05或0.01)。(2)采食全植物蛋白型氨基酸平衡饲粮(CP18.3%)的仔猪,其平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料肉比(P/G)与采食复合蛋白型对照饲粮(CP19.7%)的仔猪差异不显著(P>0.05),但前者的增重成本比后者降低(P<0.05)31%。(3)采食复合蛋白型氨基酸平衡饲粮(CP18.4%)的仔猪的生产性能优于采食复合蛋白型对照饲粮(CP19.7%)的仔猪,前者的ADG和ADFI分别提高(P<0.05)61%和32%,F/G和增重成本分别下降(P<0.05)24%和37%。(4)采食全植物蛋白型氨基酸平衡饲粮的仔猪,其ADG和ADFI低于(P<0.01)采食复合蛋白型氨基酸平衡饲粮的仔猪。前者的F/G和增重成本趋于高于后者,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮可显著降低仔猪断奶后腹泻和提高仔猪生产性能。复合蛋白型? 相似文献
37.
38.
为了进一步提高梯棱羊肚菌黑色素的提取率及溶解性,本试验采用单因素、Plackett-Burman试验、响应面试验对纤维素酶-超声波协同提取梯棱羊肚菌黑色素的提取工艺进行优化研究。通过赖氨酸修饰,并对修饰前后的梯棱羊肚菌黑色素进行结构表征、理化性质及稳定性研究。结果表明,在NaOH浓度为1.54 mol/L,纤维素酶添加量为20 mg/g,纤维素酶酶解时间为78.6 min,料液比为1:30,酶解温度为40 ℃,超声时间为80 min条件下提取的梯棱羊肚菌黑色素最优。未修饰的梯棱羊肚菌黑色素不溶于水,色价值为480.24,修饰后的黑色素溶解度为1 016 g/L,色价值为1 771.18,比未修饰的黑色素在溶解性、色价值方面均有所提高。此外,在不同的温度、光照、pH条件下,修饰前后的梯棱羊肚菌黑色素均比较稳定。以上研究结果为梯棱羊肚菌黑色素的高效提取及其产品的开发利用奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
39.
Acquired resistance triggered by elicitins in tobacco and other plants 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
Philippe Bonnet Eva Bourdon Michel Ponchet Jean -Pierre Blein Pierre Ricci 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(2):181-192
Elicitins are a family of proteins excreted byPhytophthora spp. They exhibit high sequence homology but large net charge differences. They induce necrosis in tobacco plants which then become resistant to the tobacco pathogenPhytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae. In stem-treated plants, resistance was not restricted to the site of elicitin application, but could be demonstrated by petiole inoculation at all levels on the stem. Resistance was already maximum after two days and lasted for at least two weeks. It was effective not only towardsP. p. var.nicotianae infection, but also against the unrelated pathogenSclerotinia sclerotiorum. In contrast to dichloroisonicotinic acid, an artificial inducer of systemic acquired resistance, which was increasingly effective with doses ranging from 0.25 to 5mole per plant, the basic elicitin cryptogein exhibited a threshold effect, inducing near total resistance and extensive leaf necrosis above 0.1 nmole per plant. Between 1 and 5 nmole, acidic elicitins (capsicein and parasiticein) protected tobacco plants with hardly any necrotic symptom. Elicitins exhibited similar effects in various tobacco cultivars andNicotiana species, although with quantitative differences, but induced neither necrosis nor protection in other SolanaceÆ (tomato, petunia and pepper). Among 24 additional species tested belonging to 18 botanical families, only some BrassicaceÆ, noticeably rape, exhibited symptoms in response to elicitins, in a cultivar-specific manner. Elicitins appear to be natural specific triggers for systemic acquired resistance and provide a tool for unraveling the mechanisms leading to its establishment.Abbreviations AR
acquired resistance
- HR
hypersensitive response
- INA
2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid
- Ppn
Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae
- SAR
systemic acquired resistance 相似文献
40.
J. Rashid D. J. Weiss S. K. Maheswaran M. P. Murtaugh 《Veterinary research communications》1996,20(6):519-531
Local and systemic activation of coagulation is frequently associated with bacterial sepsis. The coagulopathy is due, at least in part, to expression of tissue factor (TF) by monocytes and macrophages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of procoagulant activity by bovine alveolar macrophages, leukocytes and platelets, and to determine the relative potency of three chemical inhibitors of TF expression (pentoxifylline, retinoic acid, and cyclosporin A). Bovine alveolar macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Pasteurella haemolytica or recombinant bovine tumour nervous factor (TNF) and dose- and time-dependent effects on TF expression were studied. LPS and TNF induced TF expression in alveolar macrophages and LPS treatment of whole blood induced TF expression in mononuclear cells. Neutrophils and platelets also expressed procoagulant activity, but this activity was not inhibited by anti-bovine TF monoclonal antibody. Pentoxifylline (40 mol/L), retinoic acid (0.01 mmol/L) and cyclosporin A (0.08 mol/L) inhibited TF expression when added concurrently with LPS or TNF, but not when added 4 h after stimulation. TF mRNA was not detected in unstimulated alveolar macrophages by Northern blot analysis. In contrast, exposure to LPS or TNF for 6 h induced marked expression of TF mRNA, which was inhibited by treatment with pentoxifylline, retinoic acid and cyclosporin A. Expression of TNF by alveolar macrophages stimulated with LPS was also inhibited by these compounds. Our results indicate that procoagulant activity expressed by alveolar macrophages and monocytes is associated with expression of TF, whereas procoagulant activity expressed by neutrophils and platelets is not. The concentrations of pentoxifylline and retinoic acid necessary for inhibition of TF expression in vitro may not be achievable in vivo owing to their toxic effects. However, the in vitro concentration of cyclosporin A that inhibited TF expression did not exceed the plasma concentration observed in humans, and therefore may be useful for inhibition of TF expression in vivo.Abbreviations BAL
bronchoalveolar lavage
- LPS
lipopolysaccharide
- cDNA
cloned deoxyribonucleic acid
- cAMP
cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- GAPDH
glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase
- mRNA
messenger ribonucleic acid
- TF
tissue factor
- TNF
tumour necrosis factor
- DPBS
Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline 相似文献