电热温床处理无花果硬枝扦插生根的植物激素水平分析

为探寻电热温床催根的生理和分子生物学机制,以无花果一年生枝为材料,筛选与电热温床处理促生根效果近似的吲哚丁酸(IBA)处理条件,比较插条生根过程中主要内源激素水平的变化。结果表明:500mg/L IBA浸泡插条基部与2h与28℃电热温床处理12d的促生根效果相似。插条基部组织激素水平测定显示,IBA和电热温床处理均能在处理开始后0~10d快速而显著地提高样品中吲哚丁酸(IAA)和玉米素(ZR)的浓度;与IBA处理相比,电热温床处理显著提高了早期样品中的脱落酸(ABA)浓度;不同处理和对照样品中的赤霉素(GA)含量在0~10d差别不大,后期以IBA处理的样品中的GA含量最高。研究结果显示在启动硬枝扦插生根的激素响应模式上,电热温床和IBA处理既有共同点,又存在独特性。     

海藻生根剂对四季小白菜生长的影响

以四季小白菜为材料,采用盆栽试验用海藻生根剂对白菜苗进行灌根处理,通过测量不同处理对小白菜的株高、叶面积、干重等生长指标和光合速率、硝酸还原酶的活性、根系活力等生理指标研究海藻生根剂对四季小白菜生长的影响。结果表明:海藻生根剂成品500倍液处理四季小白菜可以增加白菜苗的株高、叶面积以及提高四季小白菜苗的光合作用,从而提高产量;且明显提高小白菜叶片中硝酸还原酶的活性和根系活力。而不加海藻提取液的生根剂半成品作用不明显。可见,海藻生根剂500倍液处理为最优浓度处理。     

红叶石楠秋季扦插育苗试验

红叶石楠秋季扦插育苗试验结果表明,不同基质、不同生根剂浓度及浸泡时间对红叶石楠扦插生根率具有极显著影响。红叶石楠选用混合基质(黄心土∶粗河沙∶草木灰=1∶1∶1),萘乙酸(NAA)生根剂200 mg/kg浓度浸泡2 h的生根率最高,达96.2%,可在生产中推广应用。     

福建单瓣茉莉的扦插繁殖技术

以1年生福建单瓣茉莉枝条为插穗,开展插条木质化程度、生根粉浓度、土壤基质、扦插温度4个因素3个水平的扦插正交实验,优选用于单瓣茉莉扦插生根率的因素。结果表明:各因素对单瓣茉莉生根率的影响依次为:扦插温度>生根粉浓度>插条木质化程度>土壤基质;单瓣茉莉的扦插最优组合为低木质化程度插条、生根粉浓度为1000 mg·L-1、土壤基质为细河沙土、扦插温度为25℃,此组合下平均插穗生根率高达86.67%。     

Air layering and its potential in propagating Uapaca kirkiana: a fruit tree from the miombo woodland,Tanzania

The potential to propagate Uapaca kirkiana through air layering was investigated at Igumbilo forest, Tanzania. The objective was to determine the effect of time of setting air layers and use of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to promote rooting. Air layers were initiated on young shoots, 1-to 2-years old, growing on mature trees. After root initiation, they were detached, potted and reared at the nursery for a further three months. Thereafter they were harvested and assessed. Two factors were investigated: effect of time at which air layers were initiated (June, September and December), and influence of IBA at 50, 100 and 150 mg l^?1concentrations. Varied rooting successes were realised, being influenced by time at which air layers were initiated, IBA concentration or both. Optimal rooting of 82.5% was realised in June-initiated air layers treated with 50 mg l^?1 IBA. Air layers initiated in December and treated with the control had the poorest rooting (46.7%). Application of 100 mg l^?1 IBA during June significantly improved the number of roots, root length and root biomass produced. The increase in rooting ability during June is partly linked to better nutritive status, since most plants at this time have sufficient food reserves acquired during the active photosynthetic rainy period of January–May. The period is also associated with minimal plant developmental activities such as budding and flushing, which are usually antagonistic to rooting. Thus, air layering is a potential technique to propagate U. kirkiana, and can contribute effectively to capture desirable traits rapidly disappearing because of ongoing deforestation and maintain the desired fruit tree attributes once attained. Further studies are recommended to determine its cost effectiveness in relation to other vegetative techniques.     

番茄再生体系的建立

以"田园6号"番茄子叶和下胚轴为试材,研究激素的种类和浓度对愈伤组织诱导、愈伤组织继代、不定芽分化及生根的影响,并研究了各因素对番茄愈伤组织褐变的影响。结果表明:MS+IBA0.8mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L诱导所得愈伤最好,MS+IBA1.0mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L最适于愈伤组织的继代,MS+IAA0.5mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L和MS+IAA0.5mg/L+6-BA1.0mg/L分别在诱导外质体直接分化不定芽和愈伤组织分化不定芽上效果最佳,MS+IAA0.5mg/L是诱导不定芽生根的理想培养基。外植体种类和光照强度均对愈伤组织的褐化有一定的影响,10mg/L的VC和0.3%的活性炭则能减缓愈伤组织的褐化。     

桑树试管苗生根因素研究

提高试管苗生根率是桑树快速繁殖的关键因素。本实验调查桑子叶试管苗在各种不同条件下的生根情况，探索桑树试管苗的最佳生根条件。实验表明，以1／2MS＋IBA1或1／4MS＋IBA1为基本培养基，肌醇浓度为0.15-0.3g/l，在光照强度2000LX，光照时间12小时，培养温度28℃的培养条件下，桑试管苗平均生根率可达98％，驯化后移栽的成活率在96％以上。     

几种措施对思茅松插穗生根率影响的研究

以1年生和2年生思茅松实生苗的主梢及侧枝作插穗进行扦插基质,插穗预处理方式,激素处理插穗的种类及激素浓度的4因素,每因素设3个水平的正交试验,研究不同处理对思茅松插穗生根的影响。研究表明,影响1年生苗木插穗生根率的主导因素是扦插基质,其次是预处理方式;影响2年生苗木插穗生根率的主导因素是预处理方式,其次是激素处理。在预处理方式中以用高锰酸钾溶液浸条的效果最好;扦插基质宜选用比例为3?2的蛭石?泥炭和河沙?泥炭;激素种类以吲哚乙酸的效果最佳。试验还表明,从1年生和2年生苗木上采集的思茅松插穗,其生根率差异显著,以1年生苗木上的插穗生根率最高,达98%;且以用主干上萌发的枝条作插穗为好。     

ABT生根粉不同浓度对桂花扦插成活率影响试验

为提高桂花繁育技术,笔者用ABT生根粉不同浓度对日香桂进行处理,结果表明:4种处理浓度对桂花扦插成活率影响差异显著,其中以200 mg/L最好,150 mg/L次之,100mg/L及50 mg/L生根率低.因此桂花扦插繁育用200mg/L ABT处理浓度最好.     

中金系列杨树的组培技术研究

中金系列杨树是杨柳科杨属白杨派植物,选择其腋芽（或顶芽）、嫩茎段、嫩叶片等为外植体,进行愈伤组织诱导试验、不定芽分化试验、生根试验,筛选出了适合植株分化、生根的培养基成分;对生根试管苗进行移栽基质配比试验,确定组培苗最佳生长环境。总结出适合中金系列杨树组培的技术流程,保证了杨树的遗传稳定性,降低了培养成本,加快了培养速度。