滨柃实生苗生长规律与扦插繁殖技术研究

为丰富福建沿海造林树种，在惠安赤湖林场开展滨柃（Eurya emarginata）种子育苗和扦插繁殖试验，结果表明，滨柃形成幼苗大约需要45 d时间，8-9月高生长较快，10月之后开始明显下降，到12月基本停止。选择长10～20 cm的插穗，用质量分数为100×10-6的吲哚丁酸溶液浸泡3 h ，能较大幅度提高生根率。     

川滇桤木扦插生根能力的研究

选择不同采条年龄母树及母树个体,研究不同个体对川滇桤木穗条生根的影响,研究不同基质、激素处理及插穗部位对川滇桤木插穗生根效果的影响。结果表明:相同年龄的不同实生苗个体间插穗扦插后生根能力差异性显著;萌条插穗扦插后生根情况最好,生根率、生根质量均高于实生母树,并且不同个体间差异性不显著。生根率顺序依次为当年生(31.45%)3 a生(10.11%)5 a生(6.30%);根系效果指数依次为当年生(4.26)3 a生(0.74)5 a生(0.39)。川滇桤木枝条的基部穗条扦插后生根率(47.37%)和根系效果指数(5.75)最好。3个部位的生根率、生根质量和生根性状差异不明显。不同激素处理对川滇桤木插穗生根能力影响显著,低浓度浸泡3 h效果普遍高于高浓度1 min处理。100 mg/L IBA 3 h处理下发根条数最多,平均为5.26条,生根性状最好,根系效果指数为45.148。清水3 h处理下生根率(52.08%)和根长(9.3 cm)为最优。不同基质处理中纯基质蛭石生根能力相对要好,生根率为30.67%,根系效果指数最高为8.661。混合基质以草炭∶珍珠岩∶红壤为1∶2∶1最佳,生根率最高为26.67%。     

无机盐、蔗糖、活性炭对阴生观叶花木试管苗生根的影响

对影响珍稀阴生观叶花木试管苗生根的几个因子－无机盐、蔗糖、活性炭的浓度进行了试验。结果表明：随着矿物元素、蔗糖与活性炭浓度的增加，试管苗生根率也增加，但当其浓度增加到一定数值后，生根率则开始呈下降趋势，生根阶段，所需大量元素与蔗糖的量较低，但应增加矢量的活性炭，三者最适浓度分别为１／２ＭＳ，２０ｇ／Ｌ，２ｇ／Ｌ。     

邓恩桉扦插繁殖试验

通过不同生根剂、基质、穗条木质化程度以及扦插时间等因素对邓恩桉扦插繁殖生根影响进行试验研究,结果表明:不同生根剂、不同基质、不同穗条木质化程度以及不同扦插时间对插穗生根率影响达显著或极显著差异水平,其中生根剂和基质以ABT1#600mg·L-1+红心土组合处理为最好,其生根率、生根条数和生根长度分别达93 6%、6 3条和11 3cm;采自采穗圃的半木质化穗条的生根率明显高于优树的木质化穗条,达93 6%,它们的生根率大小依次为采穗圃的半木质化穗条>优树基部穗条>优树中部穗条>优树上部穗条;扦插时间以3～5月份即春季的扦插效果最好,9-11月份即秋季的扦插效果次之,生根率分别可达90%以上和85%左右,且生根时间短,仅20d左右。     

黑龙江省主要阔叶树种绿枝扦插试验

在带岭林科所落叶松种子园大棚内进行了10个树种、3个采条时期、3种插穗处理和15种基质1350个组合的绿枝扦插试验。结果表明，同一树种的不同采条时期、不同插穗处理、不同基质和不同树种的同一采条时期、同一插穗处理、同一基质的生根效果不同，并有明显的交互作用。各树种最佳组合的生根率：刺五加80％、五味子70％、紫椴40％、花楸30％、水曲柳20％、黄菠萝20％、山槐20％、山梨10％、春榆10％、胡桃楸0。     

Morphology and rooting of shoots developing in response to decapitation and pruning of Caribbean pine

The effects of decapitation at various levels, combined with heavy pruning of remaining branches, were examined for Caribbean pine. This treatment stimulated the development of shoots with long primary needles at all levels in the crown of trees aged one, four and eight years. Although a significant positive relationship between primary needle length and rooting was demonstrated, the very juvenile appearance of these shoots was not a reliable guide to rooting. There was an over-riding effect on rooting of the ortet age × level in crown × decapitation height treatment. Decapitated trees provided shoots of higher rooting capacity than intact trees for the one and four, but not the eight year old trees. Shoots developing in the lower crown in response to decapitation and heavy pruning of four year old trees displayed a high level of rooting-equivalent to that of shoots from the decapitated and pruned one year old trees.     

福建山樱花扦插繁殖及其影响因子研究

在塑料拱棚下进行福建山樱花半木质化枝条扦插繁殖试验,分别进行了不同扦插繁殖时间、不同浓度的ABT1号和IBA处理、不同扦插基质和添加钙镁磷对生根促进剂提高福建山樱花扦插生根的影响试验及综合试验。结果表明,福建山樱花半木质化枝条扦插繁殖以冬末春初为适宜时期,以2份素沙+1份粘性黄土为扦插基质,插穗经IBA 2 500 mg.L-1+钙镁磷沾根I、BA 3 750 mg.L-1+钙镁磷沾根或IBA 5 000 mg.L-1浸泡处理均有良好的促进生根效果,平均插穗生根率和平均一级不定根数最高分别可达86.67%和4.68条。     

红叶石楠组培苗瓶外生根技术研究

以苗龄为40 d的红叶石楠组培继代芽苗为瓶外生根试验材料,采用多因素正交试验设计研究不同栽培基质、不同激素、不同激素浓度处理及处理时间对红叶石楠继代芽苗瓶外生根诱导的影响,继代芽苗扦插前的不同炼苗方式及扦插后施肥方式对芽苗瓶外生根率的影响。结果表明:A3B1C3D2组合(珍珠岩、生根粉ABT 200 mg.L-1浸泡处理30 min)获得59%瓶外生根率,而A3B1C1D2(珍珠岩、ABT 50 mg.L-1浸泡处理30 min)为最理想的组合;芽苗在自然散射光下炼苗15~20 d,生根率可提高到81%;栽后适时追施营养液有利于芽苗的高生长。继代芽苗瓶外生根技术的应用减少组培苗培养工序,促进红叶石楠的组培快繁效率,降低组培苗的生产成本。     

Observations on the rooting patterns of some agroforestry trees in an arid region of north-western India

The present study deals with root architecture of 6-year-old trees of 9 indigenous and 3 exotic species growing in arid climate of north-western India. Observations, made on excavated root systems (3 tree replicates of each species) showed large variation in horizontal and vertical spread of roots. In Morus alba, Melia azedarach and Populus deltoides, the roots were confined to 80 cm, while in Prosopis cineraria, Acacia nilotica and Eucalyptus tereticornis, roots penetrated more deeply to 233 cm. The number of total roots ranged from 103 in Acacia catechu to 1932 in Eucalyptus tereticornis, and 62 to 80% of the roots were less than 2 mm in diameter. The primary roots were more horizontal than the secondary roots. The total root biomass varied from 2.2 kg in Acacia catechu to 30.6 kg^–1 tree in Populus deltoides, and top 30 cm soil contained 42 to 78% of the total biomass. The implications of the results are discussed in the context of the ecological niche of the species, and its usefulness in agroforestry systems.     

四倍体刺槐组培瓶苗生根培养及生根苗移栽研究

四倍体刺槐是从韩国和匈牙利引进的大叶速生刺槐人工诱变的四倍体树种，具有速生、叶大、条粗、枝密、抗性强等特点，生长速度是普通刺槐的2倍以上。利用不同质量的组培瓶苗为材料，选取最佳生根状态的组培瓶苗进行生根培养和生根苗移栽试验，成功地筛选出生根培养基激素和生根苗移栽基质的最佳组合，建立了四倍体刺槐的再生系统。