北京鸭脑干网状脊髓束的起源及其细胞构筑：HRP逆行追踪法研究

采用HRP法,对54例北京鸭分别在脊髓的颈中部、颈膨大部、腰膨大部单侧注射或包埋HRP,兰色反应显色。逆行追踪了54例北京鸭,对脑干网状脊髓束的起源及其细胞构筑进行了研究。发现网状脊髓束不仅起于延髓和脑桥内侧网状结构的大细胞部,同时还起于外侧网状结构的小细胞部和中脑网状结构。标记细胞呈双侧性分布,同侧多于对侧。其结果为生理学研究提供了可靠的形态学依据。     

北京鸭中脑脊髓通路的起源和细胞构筑：HRP逆行追踪法研究

在脊髓的颈中部、颈膨大部和腰膨大部单侧注射或包埋HRP(辣根过氧化物酶),逆行追踪了28例北京鸭,对中脑至脊髓的传导通路的起始部位、细胞构筑和机能进行了系统的研究。发现大量标记细胞分布在中脑对侧的红核,双测的Cajal中介核、中央灰质和动眼神经副交感核(即EW核)内。此外,还发现少量标记细胞分布在中脑中缝核和双侧的中脑外侧网状结构。而在顶盖内,没有任何部位出现标记细胞。研究结果表明,北京鸭除具有红核脊髓束外,还存在着Cajal中介核至脊髓的直接传导通路,EW核至脊髓的直接传导通路以及中缝核和网状结构至脊髓的直接传导通路,而不存在与哺乳类相似的顶盖脊髓束。     

Pathophysiology of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli during a host infection

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a major cause of infantile diarrhea in developing countries. However, sporadic outbreaks caused by this microorganism in developed countries are frequently reported recently. As an important zoonotic pathogen, EPEC is being monitored annually in several countries. Hallmark of EPEC infection is formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions on the small intestine. To establish A/E lesions during a gastrointestinal tract (GIT) infeciton, EPEC must thrive in diverse GIT environments. A variety of stress responses by EPEC have been reported. These responses play significant roles in helping E. coli pass through GIT environments and establishing E. coli infection. Stringent response is one of those responses. It is mediated by guanosine tetraphosphate. Interestingly, previous studies have demonstrated that stringent response is a universal virulence regulatory mechanism present in many bacterial pathogens including EPEC. However, biological signficance of a bacterial stringent response in both EPEC and its interaction with the host during a GIT infection is unclear. It needs to be elucidated to broaden our insight to EPEC pathogenesis. In this review, diverse responses, including stringent response, of EPEC during a GIT infection are discussed to provide a new insight into EPEC pathophysiology in the GIT.     

中华鳖的消化道指数和血液生化指标

主要测定了中华鳖的消化道指数及血液中几种重要酶的活性,并将胃、肠、胰重与体重进行回归分析。结果表明:消化道的重量随体重同步变化,回归分析表明二者的幂回归相关系数最高。中华鳖的乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷-草转氨酶和谷-丙转氨酶的活性分别是人上限值的3.4、11.2、4.8、6.6和2.4倍,且谷-草转氨酶、谷-丙转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性两两正相关。     

植物源乳酸菌对断奶仔猪日粮表观消化率及消化道内容物特性的影响

试验利用植物源乳酸菌,对断奶仔猪日粮中养分表观消化率及消化道内容物特性的影响进行了研究。结果表明,仔猪日粮中添加植物源乳酸菌可分别提高干物质、粗蛋白、能量、粗脂肪、钙、磷等的表观消化率;降低消化道pH,增加肠道乳酸菌的数量,可弥补仔猪胃酸分泌不足。同时,还可减少消化道盲肠和结肠内大肠杆菌的数量,改善动物消化道微生态平衡。     

罗非鱼消化道5-HT内分泌细胞的免疫组织化学研究

用链霉亲和素-生物素化过氧化物酶复合物(Strept Avidin Biotion -peroxidase Complex SABC )免疫细胞化学方法,对罗非鱼消化道内分泌细胞进行了免疫组织化学定位.结果表明:5-羟色胺细胞在消化道各段都有分布,其中胃体部密度最大,其次是幽门和喷门处,后肠的密度最小.本文主要讨论了5-HT内分泌细胞在罗非鱼消化道免疫细胞化学定位,可为鱼类的内分泌学提供主要依据.     

公猪精液PRRSV变异株检测及NSP2、ORF5基因序列分析

用荧光RT-PCR方法从某猪场精液中检测到猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)变异株(NSP2 1 594～1 680 bp缺失)核酸阳性.提取1份阳性样品病毒核酸测定和分析其NSP2和OBF5全基因序列,结果表明NSP2基因由950个氨基酸组成,与CH-1a、VR-2332等经典PRRSV相比481位缺失1个氨基酸、532～560位连续缺失29个氨基酸,与JXA1、HUN4等毒株具有相同的缺失特性;ORF5基因第13、151位为具有强毒特性的精氨酸(R),存在4个潜在的糖基化位点,分别位于30～32、35～37、44～46和51～53位氨基酸.遗传进化分析表明,测定序列与JX-A1、HUN4等毒株关系最近,与CH-1a、NVSL等同属一个大分支,而与BJ-4、P129、RespPRRS MLV、VR-2332等处于不同分支.研究证实公猪精液可携带PRRSV变异株,因此猪场(群)在人工授精和引进精液时必须强化检疫和生物安全措施.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF7基因的表达和重组蛋白的纯化及免疫学活性分析

[目的]在基因工程菌中实现猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）ORF7基因的高效表达,对表达的重组蛋白进行纯化,并探讨其免疫学活性及应用价值。[方法]将已构建好的重组表达载体pET-ORF7转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,用IPTG在最适条件下诱导表达,其表达产物用SDS-PAGE和Western Blot进行检测。应用Ni-NTAHis.Bind Resin层析柱在变性条件下纯化表达产物,通过梯度透析进行复性。采用Western Blot及间接ELISA法检测复性后重组蛋白的免疫学活性。[结果]重组质粒pET-ORF7在大肠杆菌中以融合形式成功表达,融合表达产物主要以包涵体形式存在。SDS-PAGE检测所表达的重组蛋白分子量为33 kD左右,与预期大小相符。Band-scan软件对表达蛋白分析发现,表达产物约占菌体蛋白的50%。Western Blot及间接ELISA法显示复性后的重组蛋白与PRRSV阳性血清有特异性结合反应,表明其具有良好的免疫学活性。[结论]该试验将为进一步研制PRRSV单克隆抗体及诊断试剂盒奠定基础。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒核衣壳蛋白基因的克隆与原核表达

[目的]克隆猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒核衣壳蛋白基因并在原核表达系统中表达。[方法]根据GenBank上登录的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）核酸序列设计1对引物,用RT—PCR方法扩增出PRRSV的核衣壳蛋白（N）基因,并将其克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T．1上,得到重组质粒pGEX-4T-1-N。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL31（DE3）感受态细胞,经TPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE电泳检测。[结果]PRRSV肺组织所提取的RNA,经RT—PCR扩增,得到一段392bp的片段,与预期结果一致。SDS—PAGE电泳分析,所得重组蛋白的分子量约39．866Da,与预期结果相同。重组菌体超声裂解后,经10％的SDS—PAGE电泳分析,结果显示该重组蛋白为可溶性蛋白。     

Effects of Cinnamon Acid on Respiratory Rate and Its Related Enzymes Activity in Roots of Seedlings of Malus hupehensis Rehd

This paper studied the effects of cinnamon acid treatments on the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity in the seedling roots of Malus hupehensis Rehd.It would provide information for understanding the mechanisms of inhibition damage caused by continuous cultivation of apple tree.20 mL of solution containing different concentrations of cinnamon acid was added into container with the tested seedlings.After treatment,the samples were taken periodically and the respiratory rates were measured by OXY-LAB oxygen electrodes under 25°C stable temperature and then the activities of related enzymes were measured.The rates of total respiration and other 2 pathways [tricarboxylic acid cycle （TCA） and pentose phosphate pathway （PPP）] appeared initially an increasing treads and late （on the 3rd d） began to decline.However,they again appeared an increase trend at the end period,on the contrast,the respiratory rate of embden-meyer- hot-parnas （EMP） pathway appeared a stead decline tread but it had a recover on the last day.The respiratory rate of total and 3 pathways were decreased under 125 mg kg-1 （soil）.The dynamic trends of the enzymes activities of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase （PFK）,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase （G-6-PDH） and malate dehydrogenase （MDH） showed similarly.In conclusion,treatments of certain concentration of cinnamon acid would inhibit the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity of roots of M.hupehensis Rehd.And the inhibition degrees were positively related with concentration of cinnamon acid treatments.