香果树种群开花物候、生殖构件特征及其影响因子分析

采用野外调查方法对武夷山香果树的开花物候、生殖构件及其影响因子相关性进行了研究,结果表明:武夷山23 a香果树个体开始进入生殖期,其单花花期为6.91 d,始花期随着树龄的增加逐渐提前,花期持续时间在3661 d之间;海拔对香果树种群的单花花期和开花进程产生显著影响,随着海拔的升高,香果树单花花期也呈上升趋势,始花期推迟。香果树个体均产86个花枝,7388朵花,95个果实,随着母树树龄的增加,其生殖构件数量均有不同程度的增长,其中80110 a香果树单花枝产果量较高;香果树生殖构件数量随着海拔的升高,其个体产花枝量和花数量均呈下降趋势,而其果实产量则有小幅度增加。香果树的树龄和光照、大气温度和湿度与其生殖构件数量存在极显著正相关关系,80110 a香果树、30000 Lx以上的光照强度、28℃气温以及70%湿度是其有性生殖较好的生殖年龄及微环境。建议对香果树原生境进行保护,严禁砍伐香果树母树;对香果树附近的高大乔木进行疏伐和间伐以改善香果树母树树冠的光照条件,将有利于其生殖构件的生长发育。     

猕猴桃的组织培养及繁殖能力的研究

以猕猴桃的顶芽作外植体进行离体培养,芽分化率最高,为７９．１％,其次是侧芽和茎段,两者的芽分化率分别可达４５．８％和２４．４％,叶片的芽分化率为０,以顶芽为外植体,在添加１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡＰ和０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ、Ｎ素减半的改良培养基上进行芽分化和继代培养,芽分化率可达到９７．７％,在继代培养中补充１０ｍｇ／Ｌ的谷氨酸盐,可大大提高继代增殖系数β１,到第三次继代时,β１可达到１２７．５,而此时     

反刍动物围产期能量负平衡的调控研究进展

在奶牛围产期,许多奶牛因能量负平衡(NEB)无法适应代谢、内分泌和生理的巨大变化,引发酮病和脂肪肝,影响奶牛产后恢复,造成严重的经济损失.奶牛分娩、产犊的应激性大,产奶量增长迅速,采食量降低,饲养中能量供应不足是此阶段存在的主要问题.为获得更高品质的肉制品以及更高的养殖收益,文章针对调控围产期NEB展开综述,以期为生产...     

环状RNA及其在生殖发育中的研究进展

环状RNA(circular RNA, circ-RNA)是一类由初始转录RNA反向剪接,形成的闭合环状RNA分子,广泛存在于真核细胞中。因不受RNA外切酶切割,所以稳定存在时间长。主要通过海绵吸附作用竞争性结合miRNA调节基因表达。circ-RNA分子鉴定及其生理调控作用成为近几年生命科学领域的研究热点,本文从circ-RNA的生成过程、在早期胚胎发育调控以及配子发育过程中的数量和作用等方面进行了综述。     

不同寄主植物对西花蓟马生长发育、存活率及繁殖力的影响研究

西花蓟马是近年来入侵我国的世界性害虫。通过对其取食不同寄主植物后各虫态的发育历期、存活率及成虫繁殖力影响的研究结果表明,在不同寄主植物上饲养西花蓟马,其发育历期长短顺序为辣椒＞四季豆＞茼蒿。寄主植物的不同部位对西花蓟马各虫态的发育历期、存活率及成虫繁殖力的影响均存在显著差异(P＜0.05),与取食果实和叶片相比,西花蓟马取食花朵时生长发育速度、存活率及繁殖力明显提高。茼蒿花朵是西花蓟马最嗜好的寄主,用其饲养的西花蓟马成虫产卵期长、平均产卵量高;西花蓟马的未成熟期在茼蒿花朵上最短,为11.07 d,而在辣椒叶片上长达14.78 d。     

生殖激素对泥鳅催产效果的研究

通过对泥鳅进行生殖激素的注射,研究分别注射25、30、35IU/g剂量的hCG、分别注射10、12、14μg/尾剂量的LHRH-A2、分别注射16IU/g＋10μg/尾、18IU/g＋ 10μg/尾、20IU/g＋ 10μg/尾剂量的hCG＋LHRH-A2对泥鳅催产效果的影响.结果表明：单独使用hCG注射量以30IU/g效果最好.单独使用LHRH-A2其注射量以12μg/尾效果最好.复合激素hCG＋LHRH-A2其注射量以18IU/g＋10μg/尾效果最好.综合考虑抗药性以及价格因素后,实际生产中建议使用12μg/尾LHRH-A2为宜.     

建立环介导间接PCR同时检测3种主要猪源性病毒

 【目的】建立同时检测猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）、猪瘟病毒（CSFV）和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）的环介导间接PCR方法,实现3种病毒快速检测。【方法】根据GenBank数据库中猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）、猪瘟病毒（CSFV）和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）的核苷酸序列设计3对特异性探针,利用PCR技术分别标记于大豆Lectin基因片段的两端形成3种不同的报告基因,此标记的报告基因与3种待测靶标基因经杂交、缺口补平、环化后,采用1对引物反向PCR扩增报告基因,建立了PCV2、CSFV和PRRSV的环介导间接PCR检测方法,扩增片段大小分别为564 bp、434 bp和338 bp,该方法即可用于单病毒检测又可用于多病毒检测。【结果】灵敏度和特异性试验结果表明,无论是单病毒检测还是多病毒检测,该法都具有高度特异性,与其它病原检测无明显交叉反应;对PCV2、CSFV和PRRSV 3种病毒同时检测的底限分别为0.8、25和6.2 pg•μL-1,和单个病毒的检测灵敏度相同。利用环介导间接PCR和常规PCR对20份临床样本进行比较检测,结果表明,无论单病毒检测还是多病毒检测,其结果均与常规PCR检测结果完全一致。【结论】环介导间接PCR检测技术可用于PCV2、CSFV和PRRSV 3种病毒的同时检测,是一种简便快速、灵敏、特异的病原学诊断工具。     

光合细菌对多刺裸腹溞培养的影响

在实验室条件下,采用静止培养法对多刺裸腹溞进行培养实验,研究在以酵母和小球藻为饵料的多刺裸腹溞培养中,添加不同浓度光合细菌对其生长繁殖的影响。结果表明:光合细菌(菌液浓度为48×108cell/ml)添加量为1 mg/L(组2)、2mg/L(组3)、64 mg/L(组8)、130 mg/L(组9)和260 mg/L(组10)时,实验组中多刺裸腹溞的生殖量与空白对照(组1)相比均无差异(P>0.05);光合细菌添加量分别为4 mg/L(组4)和8 mg/L(组5)时,实验组中多刺裸腹溞的生殖量明显多于对照组,差异较明显(P<0.05),其对多刺裸腹溞的增长具有明显的促进作用;在16 mg/L(组6)和32 mg/L(组7)时,实验组中多刺裸腹溞的生殖量达到最高峰,分别为对照组的1.54倍和1.40倍,差异十分显著(P<0.05);而当添加量过高,在520~800 mg/L(组11~组14)浓度范围内,实验组中多刺裸腹生殖量呈现急剧下降趋势,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在本实验设计范围内,浓度等于或高于900 mg/L(组15)时,幼溞在12 d后仍没有达到性成熟,光合细菌对多刺裸腹溞的繁殖明显起抑制作用。以上结果显示,在以酵母与小球藻为饵料的多刺裸腹溞培养中,16~32 mg/L的光合细菌添加量最为适宜,该浓度范围的光合细菌对多刺裸腹溞的生长繁殖具有显著的促进效果。     

Study on the Changes of Reproductive Hormone and Regulation of Follicle Development During the Reproductive Cycle of Yili Goose in Xinjiang

This experiment was aimed to study the changes of reproductive hormone and regulation of follicle development during the reproductive cycle of Yili goose in Xinjiang. 2 years old Yili goose were chosen which were in good health and similar weight. 32 samples were randomly selected to take blood samples for hormone detection during the laying, broodiness and ceased periods, and 15 samples were randomly selected to gather ovarian tissue for the observation of the development of ovary and follicular. The results showed that during the laying period, the GnRH of the Yili goose was extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 16.78% and 58.29% (P<0.01);PRL was significantly lower than the broodiness period of 13.00% (P<0.05), and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 28.94% (P<0.01); FSH was higher than the broodiness period of 6.98% (P>0.05),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 21.12% (P<0.01); LH was extremely significantly lower than the broodiness period of 8.38% (P<0.01),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 16.84% (P<0.01); E₂ were extremely significantly higher than that the broodiness and ceased periods of 29.80% and 112.40% (P<0.01); P₄ levels were extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 28.89% and 30.34% (P<0.01). The ovary volume and weight of Yili goose were extremely significantly higher than that of broodiness and ceased periods (P<0.01). In the laying period, the mature follicles of Yili goose were significantly larger than that of the broodiness and resting periods, the number of secondary follicles was more and the number of primary follicles was lesser. Ovarian growth and mature follicle atresia, granule layer shrinkage, inward depression, cytoplasmic cavity, follicular atrophy at all levels in the broodiness period. The follicle cytoplasmic cavity of the ovary was larger in the ceased period than broodiness period, and inward concave further deeper, a large number of primordial follicles evenly arranged. Thus, during the laying period, the responses of GnRH, E₂ and LH of Yili goose were active and played a leading role on the development of ovarian and follicular. PRL and LH maintained a high level of secretion, cooperated to maintain the broodiness behavior during the broodiness period.     

日粮补充苹果渣或有机矿对鹅生产性能、蛋品质及繁殖性能的影响

本研究旨在评估日粮单独添加苹果渣或补充苹果渣和有机微量元素对鹅生产、繁殖性能及蛋品质的影响.试验将产蛋期的360只鹅随机分为3组,每组120只(30只/重复),对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组分别饲喂苹果渣日粮和苹果渣+有机微量元素日粮,试验持续14周.结果:苹果渣补充或不补充有机矿较对照组显著提高了孵化率和仔鹅存活率(P<...