氧化乐果对雄性小鼠睾丸琥珀酸脱氢酶和精液质量的影响

试验旨在研究有机磷农药氧化乐果对雄性小鼠睾丸琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和精液质量的影响作用。将40只健康昆明雄性小鼠随机分为4组,即低、中、高3个染毒组和对照组,其中染毒组分别灌胃1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/kg氧化乐果,对照组灌胃生理盐水,采用等容量灌胃法(0.2 mL/10 g体重),连续灌胃14 d。随着氧化乐果染毒剂量的逐渐增加,小鼠睾丸琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活力、精子密度、存活率均明显降低,与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05);小鼠体重、睾丸重、附睾及其脏器系数与对照组相比差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。氧化乐果对小鼠精子密度和精子存活率有一定的损伤作用,对睾丸琥珀酸脱氢酶有明显的抑制作用。     

2014年-2016年广西地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒Nsp2和ORF5基因的遗传多样性分析

为了解广西地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)流行毒株的遗传进化情况,对2014年-2016年来自广西各地的部分PRRSV阳性病料进行Nsp2和ORF5基因的扩增和测序分析.结果获得34个Nsp2基因序列和45个ORF5基因序列,均属于美洲型毒株.Nsp2基因间核苷酸序列的同源性为91.8％~100％,与PRRSV美洲型毒株VR-2332、CH-1a、JXA1及NADC30株核苷酸序列的同源性分别为81.3％~84.3％、88.9％~92.1％、94.3％~99.3％和73.5％~75.1％,而与PRRSV欧洲型毒株LV株核苷酸序列的同源性为51.5％~53.2％.ORF5基因间核苷酸序列的同源性为82.8％~100％,与PRRSV美洲型毒株VR-2332、CH-1a、JXA1及NADC30株核苷酸序列的同源性分别为83.7％~99.5％、85％~95％、83.8％~99.7％和83.2％~86.4％,而与PRRSV欧洲型毒株LV株核苷酸序列的同源性为62.4％~64.5％.基于Nsp2和ORF5基因推导的氨基酸序列绘制的遗传进化树中,广西地区的毒株主要分布在以JXA1为代表的Ⅳ亚群.表明当前广西PRRSV流行毒株以JXA1株为代表的高致病性美洲型毒株为主,各毒株Nsp2和ORF5基因序列存在一定的差异,尚未发现欧洲型毒株和美洲型NADC30类毒株.     

Dispersal of woody plants in forest edges and hedgerows in a Southern Swedish agricultural area: the role of site and landscape structure

The distribution of woody vegetation was studied in forest edges and hedgerows in a 28 km² southern Swedish agricultural area, characterised by species-rich edge zones. The occurrence of 21 selected woody species (taxa) was related to differences in both edge structure and landscape structure. All the species studied were represented in both edge types, but a higher frequency of animal-dispersed species was found in hedgerows.Animal dispersed species were more affected by edge width and density than wind dispersed species. A higher number of wind-dispersed species were more frequent in forest edges, in hedgerows near to forest, or with a high proportion of forest within 500 m. A clear relationship was found between the number of physically connected elements in hedgerow networks and increasing frequency of occurrence for Corylus avellana, Crataegus spp., Euonymus europaeus, and Quercus robur; which indicate the ecological significance of connectedness for certain animal dispersed species. The study supports the general principle that woody species distribution and landscape structure are linked in a positive feedback loop. The results match findings from studies in other countries and are interpreted in the context of landscape processes and the ecological characteristics of woody plant species. We emphasise the importance of understanding dispersal mechanisms of woody species for the design and improvement of edge habitats in agricultural landscapes.     

简阳大耳羊繁殖性能研究

利用简阳大耳羊新品种世代选育过程中的系统资料,对简阳大耳羊繁殖性能进行了系统研究。结果表明：简阳大耳羊发情周期平均20.66 d,发情持续期平均48.52 h,妊娠期平均148.76 d;母羊全年均可繁殖配种、产羔,全年产羔仍然遵循＂春配秋产、秋配春产＂的规律;四世代初产母羊平均产羔率153.51%,经产母羊242.41%;年均产羔1.75只;四世代公羔平均初生重3.10 kg,母羔平均初生重2.95 kg。表明简阳大耳羊具有多胎、多羔,常年发情产羔,羔羊初生重较大,繁殖性能好的优良特性。     

复合有机铁对母猪繁殖性能和仔猪生长性能的影响

通过在怀孕后期和哺乳期母猪日粮中添加不同水平的硫酸亚铁和复合有机铁,以及肌注铁与否来考察复合有机铁对母猪繁殖性能和仔猪生长性能的影响。结果表明,与无机铁相比,母猪饲粮中添加复合有机铁可提高母猪产活仔率和断奶仔猪存活率,提高仔猪10日龄、21日龄体重;综合铁源、铁水平以及肌注补铁的效应,添加120 mg/kg复合有机铁,同时仔猪均辅以肌注补铁,可显著提高仔猪肌注7日龄和断奶时体重(P<0.05)。     

猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒基因芯片检测技术的建立与优化

根据猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）的核衣壳蛋白编码基因序列设计了一对特异性引物P1／P2。扩增出大小为294bp的目的片段；再针对这个基因片段。设计合成4条寡核苷酸探针。其中反向引物的5’端用荧光素Cy3标记。以荧光标记不对称PCR技术为基础。通过将单链PCR产物与芯片杂交实现对PRRSV的检测。建立PRRSV的基因芯片检测方法。利用该方法对39份猪组织样品进行检测。与RT—PCR检测方法相比。本方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性。试验结果表明用该方法快速检测病料组织中PRRSV是可行的，对该病的进行快速诊断和分子流行病学调查具有重要意义。     

2016-2020年华北地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒分子流行病学调查

利用RT-PCR方法对2016-2020年华北地区692份疑似猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)临床样本进行检测,获得368份阳性样品,阳性率为53.18%,并对其进行了ORF5基因扩增和测序,开展遗传变异和分子流行病学分析。结果显示,共获得33条完整的ORF5基因序列,除了HB-XT株为600 bp,其余全长均为603 bp。ORF5基因遗传进化分析表明33株均为Ⅱ型,其中有9株分布在Lineage 8,24株分布在Lineage 1。33株之间的氨基酸序列同源性为80.1%～99.5%,与JX-A1株和NADC30株的同源性分别为81.1%～99.5%和85.6%～94.5%。氨基酸分析结果表明,33株均在诱骗表位和中和表位发现了突变;在33株中共发现7个N-糖基化位点,其中包括相对保守的N44和N51位点,以及主要位于抗原表位的N30,N32,N33,N34和N35位点。结果表明,2016-2020年华北地区HP-PRRSV毒株逐渐被类NADC30毒株所取代,成为优势毒株,且ORF5基因变异差异较大,使PRRSV流行变得更加复杂。因此,本研究对PRRS分子流行病学以及疫苗的选择和防控...     

环境因素对羊繁殖性能影响的研究

在现代化的养羊业中,环境因素对羊的繁殖等生产性能造成的影响不可忽视,高温对羊性细胞生成、受精卵发育、内分泌和妊娠等方面危害性最大,其他因素也不容小觑。文章从空气温度、湿度对母羊发情受胎和公羊精子品质的影响,光照对母羊发情排卵及其他生殖激素的影响,饲养密度对羊繁殖性能的影响以及空气中有害气体对羊的危害和防治措施等方面进行简要介绍,以期在生产中改善环境条件,提高羊的繁殖效率。     

外源性RFRP-3和MLT对雄鼠初情期生长及繁殖性能的影响

【目的】探究外源性RF-酰胺相关肽3(RF-amide related peptide 3,RFRP-3)和褪黑素(melatonin, MLT)对雄性昆明小鼠初情期生长、繁殖性能的影响及两者之间的关系。【方法】以初情期雄性昆明小鼠为研究对象,单独给予雄鼠生理盐水、外源性RFRP-3或MLT以及混合给予RFRP-3、MLT,检测其对雄鼠平均增重、平均采食量、料重比、睾丸发育情况,血清生长激素(growth hormone, GH)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH)水平,以及生长、生殖相关基因表达的影响。【结果】外源性RFRP-3能抑制雄鼠GH基因表达,并抑制体重增长,提高料重比;而外源性MLT促进雄鼠GH基因表达,使体重增长较快,料重比降低;RFRP-3和MLT共同处理下,GH基因表达增加,体重增长速度与单独给予MLT组接近。RFRP-3可抑制褪黑素受体1A(melatonin receptor 1A,Mtnr1A)、LH基因表达及睾酮分泌,小鼠睾丸各级生精细胞和间质细胞数量减少;MLT可促进Mtnr1A、LH基因表达及睾酮分泌,睾丸间质细胞密度极显著增加(...     

Genetic characterization by fluorescent AFLP of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi strains isolated from different host species

The genetic diversity of 71 Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi strains isolated from different host species and from diverse geographical regions was determined by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (f-AFLP) analysis. The study was carried out using three different selective primer combinations. Strains of P. syringae pv. syringae , P. syringae pv. phaseolicola , P. syringae pv. glycinea , P. syringae pv. tagetis and P. amygdali were also included as outgroups. Based on cluster analysis of f-AFLP data, all P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi strains showed a high degree of similarity, grouping in a cluster and forming a taxon clearly separate from outgroup strains. AFLP analyses failed to support placing strains of P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi , P. syringae pv. phaseolicola and P. syringae pv. glycinea in the same species. Strains of P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi formed subclusters that correlated with the host species. Strains identified within these subclusters were related to the geographical region where the strains were isolated. Strains of P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi from olive were divided into two subclusters. Strains from oleander were differentiated from those from ash and were divided into two additional subclusters, distinct from olive strains. Three strains isolated from jasmine showed a high level of similarity among them but, at a lower Dice similarity coefficient, were linked to a subcluster including olive strains. Finally, two strains isolated from privet were similar to strains from olive and were included in the same subcluster.