江苏省进出口园林植物寄生线虫的调查研究

１９９７￣１９９８年,对南京口岸进口的荷兰,加拿大,美国,韩国等国家以及中国的台湾和香港地区４１批（次）园林植物检疫中,１次截获鳞球茎茎线虫,１９次截获咖啡短体线虫,草莓芽叶线虫、克鲁克剑线虫、毛刺属线虫,南方根结线虫,花生根结线虫,北方根结线虫和其它种类的根结线虫,进口的园林植物中危险性线虫疫情发生率达３４％。对江苏省５个主要出口园林植物生长基地进行了植物生线虫种类调查,在５９种经常性出口的园林     

浅谈松材线虫病的防治

松材线虫病为世界上最具危害性的森林病虫害之一,被称为松树的"癌症",及时发现该病的发生相当困难,一般情况下,无枯死树出现前,很难发现和诊断松材线虫病的发生,一旦发现其危害程度已相当严重,发生面积数公顷,甚至数十公顷到数百公顷,对除治工作的开展带来了相当大的困难。文章针对松材线虫病及其防治方法进行论述,阐述了松材线虫病发生发展规律,对松材线虫病疫情不能及时发现的诸多因素和发现途径进行分析,提出的一系列建议性防治措施,以供参考。     

二十一世纪新疆植物保护的形势与对策

通过对新疆所处的地理位置和国际市场对无公害、绿色有机农产品日益增长的需求,以及新疆农作物有害生物的发生特点、趋势等因素的分析,面向二十一世纪,新疆植物保护应调整思路,采取应对措施,从加强检疫、监测和有害生物防治技术研究等多个层面入手,逐步建立以可持续防治技术为核心的新疆农作物重大病虫害防御体系,为二十一世纪新疆农业的可持续发展提供保障.这既是未来新疆植保工作面临的重大课题,也是在二十一世纪实现新疆农业可持续稳定、快速发展的必然选择.     

利用ZXX-65真空循环熏蒸设备杀灭臭椿沟眶象的研究

利用ZXX-65真空循环设备通过不同的熏蒸压力、浓度、时间条件组合，对感染奥椿沟眶象Eucryptorrhynchus brandti(Harold)的臭椿带皮原木进行了熏蒸实验。结果表明，ZXX-65真空循环设备可在2h内杀死臭椿沟眶象(成虫、幼虫、蛹)。20000Pa、2h、溴甲烷(CH3Br)40g／m^3为最优检疫熏蒸处理组合。     

森林病虫害防治标准体系的研究

在系统评述我国森林病虫害防治专业标准化工作基本情况的基础上，全面论述了加快森林病虫害防治标准化建设的必要性、重要性和可行性，提出了构建森林病虫害防治标准体系的原则、目标和基本框架。     

山西省森林植物检疫对象分布调查

在山西省范围内对35种森林植物检疫对象进行了全面调查，结果表明，有分布的检疫对象共有9种，即杨干透翅蛾、落叶松种子小蜂、锈色粒肩天牛、双条杉天牛、梨圆蚧、枣大球蚧、松疱锈病、冠瘿病、板栗疫病。其余26种没有分布。     

Identification by PCR analysis on plasmid pEA29 of isolates of Erwinia amylovora responsible of an outbreak in Central Europe

A collection of 127 strains of Erwinia amylovora, the causative agent of fire blight, was tested by PCR amplification of a fragment of the plasmid pEA29. A variability in the length of the DNA fragment obtained was observed after digestion by MspI and Sau3A restriction enzymes. Strains were distributed into three groups according to the length of the DNA product. Most of the strains analysed were placed into two groups. Thirteen strains were clustered into a third group which was linked with the geographical origin of strains: they were all isolates from recently reported outbreaks of fire blight in Austria and in southern Bavaria in Germany. The variation in the length of the amplified fragment is probably due to an insertion into this fragment.     

我国植物检疫的现状与技术进展

随着我国经济的发展,植物检疫工作取得了长足进步。综述了我国检疫政策与国际规则的对接,监督管理模式的改革以及植物检疫对严防外来生物入侵、服务三农和对外贸易交往等方面发挥的重要作用;介绍了植物检疫在科学决策的研究,分子生物技术的应用和除害处理方法多样化等技术进展。     

History of potato wart disease in Europe – a proposal for harmonisation in defining pathotypes

Potato wart disease, caused by the chytridiomycete Synchytrium endobioticum, was first introduced into Europe in the late 19th century. It spread quickly, and today is reported in 15 European countries. Initially, only one pathotype was found, and the disease was efficiently controlled using resistant cultivars. In 1941, however, formerly resistant cultivars showed wart formation in the field simultaneously in Germany and South Bohemia (Czech Republic), indicating the occurrence of new pathotypes. New pathotypes have since been reported from Germany, The Netherlands, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Canada. Today the pathogen is present in The Netherlands (only in fields for ware and starch potatoes) but restricted to two demarcated areas and subject to official control. Outside these areas, the pathogen is absent. For pathotyping, different countries have used different sets of differential cultivars, and the usual system of numerical coding of pathotypes has not been consistently followed. In this review we propose a new standardised code to be used for the 43 pathotypes currently known and described in Europe. The code is a combination of a numerical and letter code, combining the two terminologies used by former West and East Germany, respectively. We also plead for harmonisation in the choice of differential cultivars used for pathotype identification. The set of differentials described in the international standard for diagnosis of S. endobioticum issued by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO), should serve as a basis. Through close collaboration of European countries dealing with new pathotypes of potato wart disease, a final agreed upon set of differentials, combined with a set of reference isolates, should ultimately be established, allowing a clear distinction between the most important pathotypes occurring in Europe.     

吉林省林业补充检疫性有害生物的发生与评估

本文报道了杨锦纹截尾吉丁、红木蠹象、日本松干蚧、白杨透翅蛾、柳蝙蛾、落叶松种子小蜂和落叶松癌肿病等7种吉林省2005年公布的林业补充检疫性有害生物在省内的发生情况，并对其危害进行了评估。